Readings - Knee

Question 1

List 3 common causes of Haemarthrosis

Answer 1

1. ACL
2. PCL
3. Patellar dislocation

Question 2

A patient reports their knee locking in full extension and does not bend, what may this be indicative of ?

Answer 2

1. Patella femoral pain

Question 3

What are the knee Ottawa rules ?

Answer 3

1. Age greater than 55
2. Tenderness on Fibula head
3. Isolated patella tenderness
4. Inability to flex beyond 90 degrees
5. Inability to WB beyond 4 steps

Question 4

List two PROMs for an acute knee injury

Answer 4

1. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS)

2. International knee documentation committee (IKDC)

Question 5

What is the common MOI of a mensical injury

Answer 5

• foot planted on the ground and twisting the body/leg

Question 6

List 4 signs that conservative treatment of a meniscul injury is likely to be successful

Answer 6

1. Able to weight bear
2. Minimal swelling
3. Full ROM with pain only at EOR
4. Symptoms develop over 24-48 post- injury

Question 7

List 4 indications that surgery is required on a meniscul year

Answer 7

1. Locked knee or severely restricted ROM
2. Presence of associated ACL tear
3. Palpable clunk and pain with minimal knee flexion on Mcmurrays
4. Severe twisting injury

Question 8

What is the prognosis of a meniscal tear ?

Answer 8

3 - 5 weeks

Question 9

What is the prognosis for a mild MCL sprain

Answer 9

3-6 weeks

Question 10

What is the prognosis of a moderate to severe MCL sprain

Answer 10

8-12 weeks

Question 11

List a PROM post ACLR

Answer 11

Lysholm knee scoring scale

Question 12

Prognosis for PCL injury

Answer 12

6-10 weeks

Question 13

List 4 clinical signs of a patella dislocation

Answer 13

1. Tenderness over the medial patella border
2. Pain on quad contraction
3. Eased in full ext.
4. SHx of a pop, crack or something moving

Question 14

Bracing for a patella dislocation?

Answer 14

Extension splint 0-2 weeks, removal dependant on GP or surgeon

Question 15

Two most common causes of anterior knee pain

Answer 15

1. PFJP

2. Patellar tendinopathy

Question 16

What functional activity may be very painful for a person with patellar tendinopathy?

Answer 16

Squat on a decline board

Question 17

Is a painful isometric quad contraction more indicative of PFJP or patellar tendinopathy?

Answer 17

PFJP

Question 18

List a PROM for PFJP and one for patellar tendinopathy

Answer 18

PFJP - anterior knee pain scale (AKPS)

Patellar tendinopathy - visa-P

Question 19

List 5 general approaches to management of PFJP

Answer 19

1. Exercise
2. Taping
3. PAMS
4. Orthosis
5. VMO biofeedback ?

Question 20

Where is the synovial plica found

Answer 20

• supero-medial edge of patella

Question 21

Common differential of synovial plica

Answer 21

Quadriceps tendinopathy

Question 22

What is the most common cause of lateral knee pain

Answer 22

ITB friction syndrome

Question 23

For sprinters and footballers with lateral knee pain, what diagnosis should be considered more likely ?

Answer 23

BF tendinopathy

Question 24

List 4 predisposing factors for patella dislocation

Answer 24

1. Femoral anteversion
2. Shallow groove on femur
3. Tight lateral retinaculum
4. Increased Q angle