Readings in Philippine History Midterms Examination Flashcards
Memorize all terms
It is a historian’s duty to draw insights from the ideas and realities that have shaped the lives of men and women and society. True or False?
True
It is a historian’s duty to draw insights from the ideas and imaginations that have shaped the lives of men and women and society. True or False?
False
..understanding these ideas, a historian (or, in fact, a student of history)
can comprehend how situations happened, identify their elements, and think of how these situations
can solve today’s predicaments and help plan for the future. True or False?
True
..understanding these ideas, a ________ (or, in fact, a student of history)
can comprehend how situations happened, identify their elements, and think of how these situations
can solve today’s predicaments and help plan for the future.
Historian
The study of history, therefore, is the study of the ____________, _______, and ___________.
beliefs and desires, practices, and institutions of
human beings.
“The study of history, therefore, is the study of the journey, traditions, and institutions of human beings.” With this definition, history becomes an active factor in the study of Philippine society. True or False?
False. beliefs and desires, practices
History was derived from the Greek word ______ which means
“knowledge acquired through inquiry or investigation”.
historia
The English word history is derived from the
Greek noun _________ meaning ________
istoiα (historia), meaning learning.
As used by the Greek philosopher _______, history
meant a systematic account of a set of natural phenomena
Aristotle
In the course of time, however, the equivalent Latin word ________ (English,
science) came to be used more regularly to designate nonchronological systematic accounts of natural
phenomena. .
scientia
in chronological order. By its most common definition, the word history now means, _________
“the past of mankind.” ….
All Filipino Traits and Values
- Hospitality
- They maintain close family ties.
- Respect for the elders
- The Filipino is sentimental.
- Pakikisama or sense of togetherness
- Utang na loob or debt of gratitude
- Hiya or sense of shame
- Fatalistic
- Lacks discipline
- Crab Mentality
- Colonial Mentality
- Ningas kugon
- Manaña Habit
- Resilient
- Faith in God
The historian, however, has to use many materials that are in books. True or False?
False, They should use many materials that are not in books as well.
Where these are archeological, epigraphical, or numismatical materials, he has to depend largely on museums. True or False?
True
Where there are official records, he may have to search for them in _____________________________________
archives, courthouses, government libraries, etc.
Where there are private papers not available in official collections, he may have to hunt among the papers of
business houses, the monument rooms of ancient castles, the prized possessions of autograph
collectors, the records of parish churches, etc. True or False?
True
The more precise his limitation of persons, area, time, and function, the more relevant his
sources are likely to be. True or False?
False. Delimitation
It is from historical sources that our history is studied and written. True or False?
True
..But in analyzing them, several methodologies and theories were used by historians to properly study history and glean from the sources what is, for them, a proper way of writing history to enhance and disseminate national identity. True or False?
True
___________ are materials produced by people or groups directly involved in the event or topic being
studied.
Primary Sources
These people are either participants or eyewitnesses to the event.
Primary Sources
These Primary sources range from
___________________________________________________________________________
eyewitness accounts, diaries, letters, legal documents, official documents (government or private), and
even photographs.
Formally, there are eight examples of these primary sources:
- Photographs
- Old sketches and drawings
- Old maps
- Cartoons
- Material evidence
- Statistical tables, graphs, and charts
- Oral history or recordings
- Published and e-unpublished primary documents, eyewitness accounts, and other written sources.
A ______________ is the testimony of anyone who is not an eyewitness – that is of one who was not
present at the event of which he tells.
Secondary Source
These are books, articles, and scholarly journals that had interpreted primary sources or had used them to discuss certain subjects of history.
Secondary Source
The first settlers, a small group of hominid, came to the Philippines. Most likely, they were hunters and gatherers on an exploration trip. True or False?
True
In 1962, a skull cap of man was discovered in the Tabon caves of Pampanga. True or False?
False
The prehistoric people had a primitive culture characterized by the use of stone implements. They hunted animals such as the pygmy (small) elephant and rhinoceros. True or False?
True
The ancient Filipinos practiced agriculture, which was the main source of their sustenance. True or False?
True
In the kaingin system, the land was cleared by burning shrubs and bushes. True or False?
True
In the tillage system, the land was plowed and harrowed, then followed by planting. True or False?
True
According to Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, there are gold in selected Islands of the Philippines. True or False?
False
Fishing was a common industry in the Philippines in the ancient time. True or False?
True
The Filipino shipbuilders built all kinds of boats for travel, war, and commerce. True or False?
True
Goods were bought and sold through the barter system called baligya. True or False?
True
The nobles, composed of the chiefs and their families, were the early society’s middle class. True or False?
False
The members of the upper class were the dependents called alipin among the ancient Tagalogs. True or False?
False
The aliping namamahay had no house of his own, he lived with his master, and could not marry without the latter’s consent. True or False?
False
Tumarumpuk worked one day a week for his master. True or False?
True
One class should marry into the same class. True or False?
True
Before Spaniards Filipino women are being treated fairly. They are equal to man in the society. True or False?
True
The community called province was the basic unit of government. True or False?
False
The Elders of barangay made the laws of the community. True or False?
False
The upper part was a jacket with short sleeves called kangan. True or False?
True
The memory of dead relatives was kept alive by carving images made of gold, stone, and ivory. True or False?
False
The Three sons of Noah
Shem, Ham & Japeth
The Son of Japeth
Javan
Childrens of Japeth’s son that became the descendants of early filipinos, according to the Bible.
Elish, Tharsis, The Kittime and Rodanim
Ancient Filipinos already inhabited and also migrated from the islands to other parts of the world.
Core Population Theory
Racial Mixtures of Filipinos came from waves outside imigrants
Migration Theory
Datu/Chiefs and their families. Social life of the Filipinos before Spanish colonization.
MAHARLIKA/
NOBLES
The Middle Class. Social life of the Filipinos before Spanish colonization.
FREEMEN/
TIMAWA
The Lowest class. Social life of the Filipinos before Spanish colonization.
Alipin/Dependents
the man serves in the family of the Girl. Marriage customs in the Philippines before Spanish Colonization
Paninilbihan
Explain how marriage ceremony happen during pre colonial period.
The groom and the bride drink in the same cup, the priestess will take both hands of the couple and place it to a plate of uncooked rice, then the rice will be thrown to the guest and shout that the ceremony is over
was powerful and exercised the powers of the executive, the legislative,
and the judiciary
The Chieftain
An alliance was sealed through a ritual called -
sanduguan or kasi-kasi or blood compact.
In war, he was the supreme commander.
The Chieftain
The lower part of the clothing was called
Bahag
The women were usually naked from the waist up. They wore a _________
a saya or skirt.
A piece of white or red cloth, called ________ was usually wrapped around the waist or the chest.
Tapis
Men usually wore a headgear called _________ a piece of cloth wrapped around the head.
Putong
The ancient Filipinos wore ornaments made of gold and precious stones. Women as well as men wore armlets called _____________________________
kalumbiga
was an extension to the kitchen. Often facing east. A part of the house
Batalan
Where guests are welcomed and invited to
Sala
Our ancestors possessed a system of writing or alphabet called ___________________ where every letter is pronounced as a syllable.
a syllabary, baybayin or alibata
The early Filipinos wrote on
large leaves of plants and trees, and sometimes on barks of trees and bamboo
tubes. They used the colored saps of trees as ink, while they used pointed sticks
or iron as pencil. True or False?
True
Among the Tagalogs, the oral literature
consisted of
sabi (maxims), bugtong (riddles), talindaw (boat song), tagumpay
(victory songs), uyayi and hele (cradle song), ihiman (wedding song), kumintang
(war song), and many others.
The epic of the Ilocanos
Biag ni Lam - ang
The Bicolanos have their epic called
Handiong
Give one Kasabihan
Ang kapalaran ko di
ko man hanapin,
dudulog, lalapit kung
talagang akin.
May tainga ang lupa,
may pakpak ang
balita
Huli man daw at
magaling ay
naihahabol din.
Give one Salawikain
Ang tumatakbo nang
matulin, kung matinik ay
malalim
Ang hindi lumingon sa
pinanggalingan ay hindi
makararating sa
paroroonan
Pag may isinuksok, may
madudukot.
Filipinos are considered born musicians. True or False?
True
The prehistoric Filipinos believed that the soul was immortal. They also believed in life after death
True
a container for bones of the dead.
the Manunggul jar
They believed in one Supreme Being they called
Bathalang Maykapal or simply Bathala
Some scholars suggested that Filipino reached even as far as ______ and _______.
Champa(present-day Vietnam), India
________ said such a trade may have been there as early as the third century,
O.W. Wolters
….based on the pearls and gold excavated in _____. Sulu was rich in pearls and gold.
Sulu
Filipino historians and archaeologists believe the Filipino-Chinese trade contacts began around the ninth century during the _________________.
Tang dynasty (618-906 A.D.)
They cite as evidence Tang stonewares that were found in the:
abuyan Islands, along the coasts of Ilocos, Pangasinan, Mindoro (Puerto Galera), Batangas (Calatagan), Manila (Santa Ana), Bohol, Cebu, Jolo, and Cagayan de Oro.
If the Chinese did not bring these items directly to the Philippines, Chinese goods probably found their way to the islands by way of Borneo through Arab traders who had earlier direct trade contacts with the Chinese. True or False?
True
India’s civilization has no dramatic influence on Philippine culture. True or False?
False
The ancient Filipino system of beliefs, their rituals, and beliefs was of Indian origin. True or False?
True
The leading contribution of the Hindus to Filipino culture was their ______________
Sanskrit Language
The term bathala came from the Sanskrit ___________ which means ―the highest of the supernatural beings‖.
Bhattara Guru,
Hindu influence is also apparent in the use of sarong (skirt) worn by women and the putong (turban), a man’s headdress worn chiefly by Muslims consisting of a long cloth of silk or linen, and the rich and intricate embroidered shawls of the present-day Muslim Filipino women.
True
The Filipino epics, like Biag ni Lam - ang and Ibalon of Bicol closely resemble the Hindu epics of ____________________
Ramayana and Mahabharata.
____________ elements of ancient Filipino religion, like the worship of Bathala
Bhramanistic
Superstitious beliefs like the comet as a free wish sign. True or False?
False, It’s a bad sign.
Early Filipino crafts and industries like mining, metalwork, boat-building, woodcarving, and decorative arts are Hindu contributions to the Filipinos. True or False?
True
Veil and cord placed on the bride and groom during the wedding ceremony in the Philippines. True or False?
True
The Venetian monopoly compelled Portugal and Spain
to look for another route to Asia so they could continue their profitable trade with the Asian countries. True or false? Correct the mistake.
True
social practices, beliefs and traditions like the employment of professional mourners during funerals, veneration of ancestors, filial respect for elders, beating of gongs to celebrate an occasion are from Chinese cultures. True or False?
True
the marriage arrangement of children are from Hindu. True or False?
False, they’re from Chinese.
Prince Henry was also called as the ______
Navigator
In the first stage, Islam was brought to the rest of the Middle East, Northern Africa, Spain, and Central Asia. In the second stage, Muslim missionaries travelled with Arab merchants to India, China, and finally to Southeast Asia where a number of them (traders and also missionaries) settled and intermarried with members of the royalty. They also set up mosques and madrasahs (schools). True or False?
True
In the Philippines, Islam was introduced by Tuan ________, a trader from Malaya, and his companion ___________ who came to Sulu in the 1240s.
Masha’ika, Tuan Maqbalu
According to Sulu genealogy called _____ , his wealth increased and with it, the status of Muslims in the communities was raised.
tarsila
By 1380, when a missionary (a person propagating a religious faith) from Java, ______________ arrived in Buansa (Sulu), he found a thriving Muslim community that welcomed him and his efforts to strengthen Islam around the mosque he built in Tubig Indangan, Tawi-tawi.
Karim ul’ Makhdum
Ten years later (1480), _________ arrived from Sumatra. He further deepened Islamic consciousness among the Muslims in Sulu by building more madrasahs in the area. He later rose to a position of power in Sulu.
Rajah Baginda
This voyage of Bartholomew Diaz marked the first time that a European country, through their explorer, reached the East by sailing around the southernmost tip of the
continent of Africa. True or False? Correct the mistake.
True
__________________ arrived from Jahore, now a state of West Malaysia, and converted many inhabitants to Islam. He became the first sultan of Maguindanao.
Serif (Sharif) Kabungsuan
5 Pillars of Islam
SHAHADA SALAT ZAKAT HAJJ SAWM
Profession of faith: ―There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His prophet
SHAHADA
Ritual prayer; the adult Muslim has to implore the Almighty five times a day facing Mecca, i.e., before daybreak, at noontime, in mid-afternoon, at sunset, and any time after sunset, before sleeping preceded by ritual cleansing.
SALAT
