Readings and key concepts Flashcards
Who wrote this? What is the title?
Nature as ecosystems, humans as citizens of nature. Land ethic
The Land Ethic, Aldo Leopold.
What is Brundtland’s definition of sustainable development? (1987)
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
What is John Ehrenfeld’s sustainability definition?
The possibility that human and other forms of life will flourish forever.
What is the definition of ecology?
Interaction between organisms and the environment
Natural selection:
a) progress may happen between species by natural selection (T/F)
b) There is a ranking of species in evolutionary theory (T/F)
a) False: within species
b) False: no ranking
what is the unit of evolution and extinction
population
Natural selection acts on ___ within populations
individuals
Who am I?
Careful use of natural resources. Allows humans to interact with nature in a responsible way
Conservation
Who am I?
Setting aside land for nature
Preservation
Explain the 3 spheres model
The natural world sets the limits for sustainable development. There a 3 spheres to sustainability: Environmental, social, and economic.
Environmental-economic: green taxes
Economic-social: fair trade
Social-environmental: Environmental justice
Give the definition for ecosystem
biological community and its interactions with the abiotic world
What is the definition for community?
Group of population of different species living in the same area
What is the definition for population
Group of individuals of the same species living in the same area
What is the definition for organismal ecology?
How individual organisms meet the challenges of the environment
Explain
a) reductionism
b) holistic
a) seeking answers lower in the hierarchy
b) seeking answers at the same or higher level
Is there progress in evolution?
Only in the narrow sense of creating adaptations within species.
What is the definition of
a) anthropocentric ethics?
b) biocentric ethics
c) populo-centric ethics
d) ecocentric ethics
a) Judge Human activities in relation to their effects on other humans now & in the future
b) Extend our ethics to individuals of other species
c) All individuals die, populations persist. Extend our ethics from individuals of other species to populations
d) Extend our ethics to ecosystems
Name differences in western and indigenous ethics
Indigenous give thanks, kinship, reciprocity, spirituality.
Education isn’t everything
More ___ populations are more likely to go extinct
variable
T/F: All species eventually go extinct
False: all populations
What is the rescue effect?
Movement of individuals between sub-populations of a metapopulation decreases the chances of extinction
Sources stabilize sinks and sources
What are the 4 components of BIDE
(Births + immigrations) - (Deaths + Emigration)
What is Sustainability I?
Take the interest, leave the capital to harvest sustainably
