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FDSC200 > Readings > Flashcards

Readings Flashcards

1
Q

In 2016, ___- increased in the world after a steady period of decline, it now affect 815 people

A

world hunger

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2
Q

Causes of increased hunger in the world include:

A
  1. Conflicts
  2. Climate conditions
  3. economic slowdown
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3
Q

The region that is most affected by undernourishment is:

A

Eastern africa

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4
Q

…… in children is considered an indicator of a chronic

state of undernutrition.

A

Stunting

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5
Q

In contrast to increased hunger, …… of adults is increasing in
all regions of the world.

A

obesity

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6
Q

T or F : According to the FAO report, obesity is considered a form of
malnutrition.

A

T

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7
Q

In the developed countries, … of adults are obese.

A

28

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8
Q

Obesity can be attributed to

A
  1. issues in the food access
  2. Excessive calorie intake
  3. inadequate nutrient intake
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9
Q

T or F : In contrast to adult obesity, child overweight is not an issue globally.

A

False

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10
Q

The inclusion of inferior substances having properties similar
to the foods in which they are added is :
intentional
unintentional
or accidental

A

intentional

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11
Q

T or F : Removing fat from milk is a form of adulteration, unless it is declared on the package

A

True

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12
Q

T or F : food adulteration is always harmful to human health

A

F

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13
Q

The simplest strategy to prove adulteration is to demonstrate
the presence of a …….

A

foreign substance

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14
Q

A common adulterant in honey is cane sugar. It can be

detected using ……

A

optical microscopy (physical method) by the detection of cane sugar constititutive cells.

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15
Q

name the 4 classes of techniques for detecting adulteration

A

A. Chemical technique
B. Biochemical technique
C. Physical technique
D. Molecular technique

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16
Q

Complete : Added water to milk can be detected by measuring milk’s specific
gravity. This method is classified as a …… for adulteration detection.

A

physical

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17
Q

…… is a chemical method that can detect the

adulteration of olive oil with hazelnut oil.

A

HPLC

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18
Q 
Gas chromatography (GC) is a chemical method that can detect ……… to
discriminate among different varieties of the same food product, such as wine.
A

volatile organic compounds

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19
Q

…… is a chemical method that can detect milk adulterants.

A

FTIR spectroscopy

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20
Q

…… is a chemical method that can detect an adulterant and it can
provide structural identification of the adulterant

A

NMR

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21
Q

…… is a molecular method that is used to detect interspecies and varietal adulteration in coffee.

A

PCR

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22
Q

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a low cost molecular marker
detection method. However, it is considered unreliable due to lack of ……

A

reproductibility

23
Q

Define food adulteration

A

Food adulteration can be defined as lowering the quality of food by
intentional or unintentional substitution of food with some inferior
foreign particle or by removal of some value added food substitute
from main food item

24
Q

What are the three basic strategies that can be followed to demonstrate that a substance has be adulterated?

A

Foreign substance : By demonstrating the presence of foreign substance or a marker in the commodity
Derivated from normal level : By demonstrating that a component is deviated from its normal level and
Unlikely profile : By demonstrating that a profile is unlikely to occur

25
Q

Complete : Animal-derived protein accounts currently for almost …… of humanity’s total protein consumption

A

40%

26
Q

Animal protein production is considered inefficient because :
A. Cattle breeding is a major emitter of green house gases
B. 40%-50% of global grain
production is used as feed

A

A and B

27
Q

Complete : _____ of global grain

production is used as feed

A

40%-50%

28
Q

…… are substances that when present in food reduce the availability of one or
more nutrients and they are one of the concerns that must be addressed regarding
novel proteins.

A

ANF

29
Q

What are the three factor you need to consider when developping new protein sources?

A

ANF
Contaminent
allergens

30
Q

Of the following insects, …… is suggested to be used as food

A

Alphitobius diaperinus (cockroach)

31
Q

1,4-quinones are an example of …… that are

considered toxic chemicals found in edible insects.

A

toxic secretions

32
Q

____ are an example of toxic secretion that are

considered toxic chemicals found in edible insects.

A

1,4-quinones

33
Q

T or F : Seaweeds are subcategory of algae

A

T

34
Q

…… is a microalgae genus that is suggested for human

consumption.

A

Arthrospira (Spirulina)

35
Q

Since algae are at the bottom of the aquatic food chain

pyramid, accumulation of ……. is a major concern

A

Heavy metals

36
Q

….. is the only identified secondary metabolites produced by

duckweed that is toxic to animals at high levels

A

oxalic acid

37
Q

…… (22:1ω9) is an antinutritional factor in rapeseed that hinders its
use as a novel protein for humans.

A

eruric acid

38
Q

…… is the maximum amount of pesticide residue that is expected to remain on food products when
a pesticide is used according to label directions, that will not be a concern to human health

A

maximum residue limit

39
Q

T or F : To legislate the consumption of novel food product, extensive data on composition,
nutritional value and metabolism, intended use, and intake of and levels of
hazardous substances in the novel food are essential.

A

True

40
Q

T or F : In the USA, medications are approved through a formal data-driven process by the
FDA. For medicinal cannabis, the dosage has not been established through such a
process.

A

True

41
Q

T or F : Research shows that the use of edible cannabis is declining in
jurisdictions where medicinal cannabis have been legalized

A

False

42
Q

T or F : “Edibles avoid the harmful toxins and health risks that come with
smoking cannabis.” Scientifically, this claim is not accurate

A

True

43
Q

Well-controlled clinical studies on the therapeutic effectiveness of cannabis and its Tconstituents are sparse or nonexistent; hence, the scientific evidence for such claims is of low quality.

A

True

44
Q

T or F : Research has suggested that regular cannabis use may have detrimental effects on
brain development, psychiatric health, and heart health

A

T

45
Q

…… percent of medical cannabis users experience severe cannabisinduced
behavioral impairment

A

65

46
Q

The major psychoactive ingredient of the cannabis plant responsible for altering the user’s state of mind is ……

A

∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol

47
Q

When ingested, 9-THC is converted to …… in the liver, a potent psychoactive
metabolite that readily crosses the blood-brain barrier. This metabolite is more
potent than 9-THC.

A

11-oh-thc

48
Q

Drug effect response peaks after …… hours of ingesting cannabis edibles. This
delayed onset of drug effect is a major concern in these products.

A

3

49
Q

The drug effect response of cannabis edibles might last for

…… hours, which is another major concern for these products.

A

24

50
Q

……, another cannabinoids, is believed to modulate the adverse effects
of 9-THC. However, not all research has supported this idea.

A

CBC : canabidiol

51
Q

t or f : 9-THC and CBD are fat soluble molecules, which delays their
clearance from human body.

A

T

52
Q

T or F : another major concern regarding cannabis edibles is their resemblance to products appealing to children.

A

True

53
Q

Unintended exposure to cannabis products increased by ……percent in jurisdictions where cannabis is legalized.

A

30.3

54
Q

A significant portion of consumers don’t use information on nutrition labels to make purchase decisions or find it hard to interpret what is written there.

A

True

FDSC200 (23 decks)

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