Readings

Question 1

Anthropological Perspective

Answer 1

Approach that compares human societies throughout the world- contemporary, historical, industry and tribal.

Question 2

Anthropology

Answer 2

Integrated study of humanity

Question 3

Holism Approach

Answer 3

Study a community within a city

Question 4

Four fields of Anthropology

Answer 4

Physical, archaeology, linguistic, cultural

Question 5

Physical Anthropology

Answer 5

Study of human biology and evolution (Genetics, evolutionary theory, biology and behaviour of primates, and palaeontology the study of fossils

Question 6

Archaeology

Answer 6

Study of people wha re known only from their physical and cultural remains which gives insight of extinct socieities

Question 7

Linguistic

Answer 7

Study of language (religious practice, expression)

Question 8

Cultural Anthropology

Answer 8

Study of contemporary human society and makes up the largest area of anthropological study. Study people’s organization.

Question 9

Participant Approach

Answer 9

Studying over time and being involved in the community while making observations. Small scale communities like: foraging bands, horticultural village, pastoral nomads.

Question 10

Foraging Bands

Answer 10

Small communities that subsist by hunting, fishing, and gathering wild plant food.

Question 11

Pastoral Nomads

Answer 11

Societies that subsist primarily by herding domesticated animal.

Question 12

Ethnography

Answer 12

Descriptive study of human society.

Question 13

Cultural Areas

Answer 13

Geographical area in which societies tend to share many cultural traits

Question 14

Etic Perspective

Answer 14

Physician and anthropology are outsiders looking in

Question 15

Ethnocentrism

Answer 15

Using our own society as the basis for interpreting and judging other societies. Own society behaviour seems natural and correct

Question 16

What are the two viewing cultures

Answer 16

1.Etic perspective: the study of using concept that were developed outside of the culture.2.Emic perspective: the study of society through the eyes of the people being studied.

Question 17

Cultural Relativism

Answer 17

Study what people believe whether or not what they believe is true

Question 18

Modernity

Answer 18

Through modernity order could be created out of chaos.

Question 19

Postmodernism

Answer 19

Denies the possibility of acquiring the existence of true knowledge. All knowledge is seen as being a human construction that scholar must seek to deconstruct.

Question 20

What is the analytic study of religion?

Answer 20

Focus on the way religion manifests itself or is expressed in a culture

Question 21

Functional Definition

Answer 21

Focus on what religion does either social or psychological

Question 22

Essentialist Definition

Answer 22

Looks at what is the essential nature of religion.

Question 23

Supernatural

Answer 23

Refers to things that are above the natural.

Question 24

Sacred

Answer 24

An attitude wherein the subjects is entitled to reverence and respect

Question 25

Animism

Answer 25

Beliefs in spirit beings (god, souls)

Question 26

Evolutionary Approach

Answer 26

Focuses on the question of when and how religion began and how it developed over time.

Question 27

Marixist

Answer 27

Idea that religion is a construction of those in power, designed to divert people’s attention from the miseries of their lives; a way of getting people to go along with capitalist culture

Question 28

Functional Approach

Answer 28

Based on the functional role that religion plays in society

Question 29

Interpretive Approach

Answer 29

Idea that cultural systems are understood to by studying meaning; religion is a cluster of symbols that provides a charter for a culture’s ideas, values, and way of life.

Question 30

Psychosocial Approach

Answer 30

An approach to the study of religion is concerned with the relationship between culture and personality and the connection between the society and the individual