Reading theories Flashcards
Why is Bruner’s LASS (Language Acquisition Support System) theory relevant to reading?
Because adults encourage children’s speech through social interaction. This includes using books to interact with babies and young children.
What were the four phases that Bruner identified within parent-child interactions with books?
Bruner’s four-phase reading interaction
Gaining attention: getting the baby’s attention on a picture
Query: asking the baby what the object in the picture is
Label: telling the baby what the object in the picture is
Feedback: responding to the baby’s utterance.
The’ look and say’ approach
In the ‘look and say’ approach, children learn the shape of words, not breaking them down phonologically. Flashcards with individual words on them are used for this method, often with a relevant picture, so that the child can link them together.
What is synthetic phonics?
Nowadays, children are taught using synthetic phonics, which is much more systematic. They remember the 44 phonemes and their related graphemes. They learn to recognise each grapheme, sound out each phoneme in a word and blend the sounds together to produce the word phonetically. Phonemes are memorised quickly, often using a multi-sensory approach.
What is analytical phonics?
Traditionally, children were taught to read using ‘analytic phonics’. Children learnt to break down whole words into phonemes or graphemes and to look for phonetic or orthographical patterns. They learnt to decode words by breaking them up into smaller units, such as onset (the start of the word) and rime (the rest of the word starting with a vowel). They used rhyme to learn words with similar patterns e.g. p-a-t, c-a-t.
What are the advantages of the look and say approach?
Some words are not phonetically regular and have to be learnt this way: most, who
What are the disadvantages of the look and say approach?
Children cannot decode words they haven’t seen before
What are the disadvantages of the phonics approach?
Some words are not phonetically regular and cannot be learnt this way: most, who
What are the advantages of the phonics approach?
It is quick and children are given the tools to decode any words that they come across, even if they have never seen them before.
What is the name given to stage 0 of Jeanne Chall’s stages of children’s reading development? What are its main features?
Pre-reading and pseudo-reading
‘Pretend’ reading (turning pages and repeating stories perhaps previously read to them).
Some letter and word recognition, especially letters in own name.
Predicting single words or the next stage of a story.
What is the name given to stage 1 of Jeanne Chall’s stages of children’s reading development? What are its main features?
nitial reading and decoding
At this stage children start to learn the relationship between phonemes and graphemes.
Reading simple texts containing high-frequency lexis.
Chall estimated around 600 words are understood
What is the name given to stage 2 of Jeanne Chall’s stages of children’s reading development? What are its main features?
Confirmation and fluency
Reading texts more quickly, accurately and fluently, paying more attention to the meanings of words and texts.
Chall estimated around 3000 words are understood.
