Reading terms Flashcards
How do baby and toddler books aim to help with speech development?
By providing pictures for children to label objects and package/network build.
At what age do children become independent readers?
Around 8-years-old, although this can vary.
What are common features of children’s early books?
There are nine
Children’s early books:
- often interact with their audience via lift-the-flap, question and answer, etc
- suggest values (e.g. behaviour/politeness/morals)
- use rhyme and other phonological devices
- often use anthropomorphism
- use spoken language features
- use pictures and colour to gain attention
- use hypernyms/hyponyms and semantic fields of concrete nouns
- use rhetorical devices (repetition, parallel sentence structures etc.)
- create textual cohesion via lexical repetition, syntactical repetition, connectives)
What do children need to learn about written texts?
There are four
Children need to understand that written texts:
- reflect the relationship between written symbols (graphemes) and sounds (phonemes)
- have cohesion, with different parts interconnecting
are organised in particular ways, with chapter headings, page numbers, etc. - differ in their organisation according to genre (e.g. fiction and non- fiction books are organised in different ways)
- represent the original culture, following its rules and conventions (e.g. English is read from left to right; narratives are organised in particular ways; certain ‘characters’ are well known in English speaking cultures, etc.).
Why do children’s books often contain rhyme?
It helps young children to remember words when hearing the text read aloud. Rhyme is a common feature of nursery rhymes and songs, where the emphasis is on the interactive and multimodal nature of the experience. It can also aid spelling later on, as many words that rhyme are spelt the same.
Do children enjoy having the same books read to them repeatedly or do they prefer new reading material?
Young children enjoy having the same book read to them repeatedly, responding to the repetitive nature and familiarity in a very different way from adult readers, who are more likely to search for new reading matter.
How does literacy differ from speaking?
Reading and writing skills are explicitly taught to young children as part of formal schooling (from age 4).
Why do children’s books often use lots of phonological devices, such as rhythm, rhyme and alliteration?
It makes it more interesting to listen to and is a common feature of oral storytelling.
Why do children’s books often contain dialogue?
Direct speech, as a narrative feature, creates interesting variations, which adds interest as it is read aloud. Adult readers can put on various voices to bring the story alive.
What is phonetics?
Children learn the different sounds made by different letters and letter blends and some rules of putting them together.
What is a letter blend?
Certain combinations of two or more consonant letters are called letter blends. Some examples include bl, sm, tw, gr, etc.
What is a digraph?
A digraph is two graphemes that make one phoneme. The digraph can be made up of vowels or consonants. Examples include ck, th and oo, ee, oa.
What is a graphophonic
Looking at the shape of words, linking these to familiar graphemes/words to interpret them.
What is a semantic cue?
Understanding the meanings of words and making connections between words in order to decode new ones
What is a syntactic cue?
Applying knowledge of word order and word classes to work out if a word seems right in the context
