Reading Quiz 3 (CH. 9, 10 & 12) Flashcards
Hormones with the words releasing (R in abbreviation) or inhibiting (I in abbreviation) are synthesized and originate from the ____________.
a. anterior pituitary
b. posterior pituitary
c. hypothalamus
d. thalamus
c. hypothalamus
The receptor for a hydrophobic steroid hormone is _______________.
a. located in the mitochondria
b. located on the plasma membrane
c. intracellular
d. located within the endoplasmic reticulum
c. intracellular
The receptor for a hydrophillic amine hormone is ___________.
a. intracellular and functions through a ribosome
b. on the plasma membrane and functions through a secondary messenger
c. on the mitochondria and functions through a virus
d. on the plasma membrane and originates in the bone marrow.
b. on the plasma membrane and functions through a secondary messenger.
The hormone ACTH is secreted by the anterior pituitary and targets the adrenal gland cortex. Which of the following corticosteroids (hormones made in the adrenal cortex) targets the kidney for the reabsorption of Na+ and secretion of K+?
a. ADH
b. aldosterone
c. cortisol
d. ANP
b. aldosterone
The hormone ANP is secreted by the heart and targets smooth muscles in the arteries and the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney. This specific hormone causes _______________________.
a. H2O to be reabsorbed in the kidney and K+ to be secreted into the urine.
b. K+ to be reabsorbed in the kidney and Na+ to be secreted into the urine.
c. Ca2 + to be reabsorbed in the kidney and H+ to be secreted into the urine.
d. Na+ to be reabsorbed in the kidney and K+ to be secreted into the urine.
b. K+ to be reabsorbed in the kidney and Na+ to be secreted into the urine.
ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus and targets the smooth muscle in the arteries to cause _____________________.
a. vasodilation and decrease systemic pressure.
b. vasoconstriction and increase systemic blood pressure
c. increased inflammation and vasodilation.
d. necrosis and death of the tissue.
b. vasoconstriction and increase systemic blood pressure
OT synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary targets _______________.
a. the cardiac muscle to increase contractility
b. the penis in males to cause an erection
c. the uterus in females to cause smooth muscle contraction during childbirth
d. the urinary bladder to increase fluid pressure during urination.
c. the uterus in females to cause smooth muscle contraction during childbirth
In order to increase target cell activation by a hormone the cell can upregulate (increase the number) of _________________.
a. ribosomes
b. nuclei
c. mitochondria
d. receptors
d. receptors
______________ is a failure of the adrenal cortex to synthesize aldosterone and cortisol.
a. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
b. Addison’s Disease
c. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
d. Cushing’s Syndrome
b. Addison’s Disease
Renin secreted by the kidney in response to low blood pressure triggers ___________.
a. RAS (Renin-Angiotensin System/Mechanism) to make Angiotensin-II that increases systemic blood pressure and stimulates secretion of aldosterone to reabsorb more Na+.
b. erythropoietin to be secreted by the kidney and stimulate erythrocyte production in the red bone marrow.
c. RAS (Renin-Angiotensin System/Mechanism) to secrete ADH from the liver and increase blood pressure.
d. OT to be secreted by the posterior pituitary and stimulate smooth muscle contraction of the uterus.
a. RAS (Renin-Angiotensin System/Mechanism) to make Angiotensin-II that increases systemic blood pressure and stimulates secretion of aldosterone to reabsorb more Na+.
The three steps of homeostasis are _________________.
a. vascular spasm > platelet plug formation > coagulation.
b. megakaryocyte formation > platelet plug formation > vascular spasm
c. coagulation > agglutination > Rh factor formation
d. platelet plug formation > coagulation > hemocytoblast differentiation
a. vascular spasm > platelet plug formation > coagulation.
If a blood sample agglutinates when tested with anti-B antibodies, then _______.
a. the A antigen is present and the blood type is A
b. the blood type is O
c. there are no antigens present
d. the B antigen is present and the blood type is B
d. the B antigen is present and the blood type is B
If an individual with blood type B receives blood from a donor with blood type O, then _____________________.
a. there will be no transfusion reaction because O is the universal donor
b. there will be no transfusion reaction because B is the universal recipient
c. there will be a transfusion reaction because the blood types do not match.
d. there will be a transfusion reaction because B can only receive from AB.
a. there will be no transfusion reaction because O is the universal donor
The maximum number of O2 molecules that can be carried on one hemoglobin molecule is __________________.
a. 4
b. 3
c. 1
d. 2
a. 4
The formation of Prothrombin Activator is a critical step during the series of reactions that occur during _________________.
a. recycling of erythrocytes in the spleen
b. inflammation
c. secretion of EPO (erythropoietin)
d. coagulation
d. coagulation
_________________ are leukocytes that specifically target bacteria.
a. basophils
b. eosinophils
c. lymphocytes
d. neutrophils
d. neutrophils
T-cells and B-cells are specific to _____________.
a. adaptive immunity
b. innate immunity
c. the first phase of inflammation
d. fever
a. adaptive immunity
Antibodies are produced by plasma cells that are derived from _______________.
a. Helper T-cells
b. Natural Killer cells
c. B-cells
d. neutrophils
c. B-cells
Which of the following is not a component of innate immunity?
a. mucous membranes
b. fever
c. antibodies
d. skin surface
c. antibodies
Cytokines are ____________.
a. chemicals produced by bacteria that cause inflammation
b. chemicals produced by viruses that cause autoimmune disorders
c. chemicals produced by immune cells that cause apoptosis
d. chemicals produced by immune cells that allow communication.
d. chemicals produced by immune cells that allow communication
Which of the following are the five classes of antibodies?
a. IgN, IgA, IgV, IgG, IgE
b. IgM, IgA, IgD, IgG, IgE
c. IgE, IgL, IgD, IgO, IgG
d. IgP, IgU, IgD, IgG, IgE
b. IgM, IgA, IgD, IgG, IgE
Eradication mechanisms conducted by antibodies are ________________.
a. neutralization, assassination and complementation
b. cell lysis, fever and phagocytosis
c. neutralization, agglutination and precipitation
d. cytokinesis, phagocytosis and neutralization
c. neutralization, agglutination and precipitation
Which of the following is classified under active immunity that is naturally acquired?
a. immunity that is passed from the mother to the fetus
b. immunity that occurs from a vaccination
c. immunity that occurs from a bacterial or viral infection
d. immunity that has no memory
c. immunity that occurs from a bacterial or viral infection
Passive immunity that is naturally acquired __________________.
a. is immunity that is passed from the mother to the fetus
b. is immunity that has no memory
c. is immunity that occurs from a vaccination
d. is immunity that occurs from contact with a pathogen
a. is immunity that is passed from the mother to the fetus
The role of histamine during a allergic reaction can lead to ______________.
a. bronchodilation and relaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchioles
b. vasodilation causing significant edema and obstruction in the laryngopharynx
c. bronchoconstriction and improved sympathetic response that reduces mucus production.
d. vasoconstriction of vessels and suppression of the immune response.
b. vasodilation causing significant edema and obstruction in the laryngopharynx
