Reading Quiz 2 (CH. 7 & 8) Flashcards by Mike Krieg

Cranial nerve that innervates muscles of the neck that allow the head to pivot left and right, and muscles that allow elevation/shrugging of the shoulders.

a. III - Oculomotor
b. XI - Accessory
c. XII - Hypoglossal
d. IV - Trochlear

b. XI - Accessory

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Cranial nerve found in the medulla oblongata that innervates the tongue for movement.

a. XII - Hypoglossal
b. X - Vagus
c. XI - Accessory
d. VII - Facial

a. XII - Hypoglossal

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Cranial nerve that helps you identify the waiting smell of freshly baked chocolate chip cookies at midnight. (A booter specialty)

a. XI - Glossopharyngeal
b. XII - Hypoglossal
c. X - Vagus
d. I - Olfactory

d. I - Olfactory

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Cranial nerve that innervates the muscle of the eye that causes it to move inferiorly/down and laterally/at an angle. (see the creepy bug that just crawled by your foot)

a. V - Trigeminal
b. IV - Trochlear
c. VII - Facial
d. VIII - Vestibulocochlear

b. IV - Trochlear

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Cranial nerve that allows you to see the beautiful sunrise for those 06:00 calls.

a. IV - Trochlear
b. V - Trigeminal
c. II - Optic
d. VI - Abducens

c. II - Optic

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Cranial nerve with parasympathetic properties that constricts the pupil.

a. VIII - Vestibulocochlear
b. V - Trigeminal
c. II - Optic
d. III - Oculomotor

d. III - Oculomotor

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Cranial nerve with 5 branches that innervate muscles in the face, salivary, and lacrimal glands.

a. VII - Facial
b. IX - Glossopharyngeal
c. VI - Abducens
d. X - Vagus

a. VII - Facial

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Cranial nerve with three branches that conducts sensory signals from the face, and innervates muscles for movement of the jaw.

a. VIII - Vestibulocochlear
b. VI - Abducens
c. I - Olfactory
d. V - Trigeminal

d. V - Trigeminal

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Cranial nerve that carries sensory signals from the carotid arteries, and also innervates the throat to promote swallowing.

a. V - Trigeminal
b. VII - Facial
c. XI - accessory
d. IX - Glossopharyngeal

d. IX - Glossopharyngeal

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Cranial nerve that maintains equilibrium and allows you to hear, when your number’s called at the taco stand!

a. X - Vagus
b. VIII - Vestibulocochlear
c. VII - Facial
d. II - Optic

b. VIII - Vestibulocochlear

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Cranial nerve that abducts/moves the eye laterally.

a. II - Optic
b. XI - Accessory
c. IX - Glossopharyngeal
d. VI - Abducens

d. VI - Abducens

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Cranial nerve responsible for most of the parasympathetic functions in the body such as digestion, urination and resting cardiorespiratory functions.

a. IX - Glassopharyngeal
b. III - Oculomotor
c. X - Vagus
d. VIII - Vestibulocochlear

c. X - Vagus

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The three regions of the brainstem are:

a. midbrain, thalamus, and cerebellum
b. midbrain, pons, and cerebellum
c. midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata
d. medulla oblongata, cerebrum and cerebellum

c. midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

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Which of the following statements is true?

a. the sympathetic preganglionic cholinergic neuron secretes ACh at the synapse with the sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic neuron that secretes norEPI.
b. the parasympathetic preganglionic cholinergic neuron secretes norEPI at the synapse with the parasympathetic postganglionic cholinergic neuron that secretes ACh.
c. the sympathetic preganglionic cholinergic neuron secretes ACh at the synapse with the sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic neuron that secretes ACh.
d. the parasympathetic preganglionic cholinergic neuron secretes ACh at the synapse with the parasympathetic postganglionic adrenergic neuron that secretes ACh.

a. the sympathetic preganglionic cholinergic neuron secretes ACh at the synapse with the sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic neuron that secretes norEPI.

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Cholinergic nicotinic receptors are found on _________ .

a. parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic neurons and are always stimulatory.
b. smooth muscle cells in blood vessels to cause vasoconstriction.
c. cardiac muscle cells to slow down heart rate.
d. cardiac muscle cells to increase heart rate.

a. parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic neurons, and are always stimulatory.

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Catecholamines include dopamine, norEpinephrine and Epinephrine. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Beta1 receptors located in the lungs help increase blood pressure during a parasympathetic response.
b. Beta1 receptors located in the heart respond norEPI and EPI to increase heart rate.
c. Beta2 receptors found in the lungs cause bronchioles to constrict increasing the ability to ventilate air.
d. Alpha1 receptors in the blood vessels are inhibited by dopamine causing vasodialation.

b. Beta1 receptors located in the heart respond norEPI and EPI to increase heart rate.

Movement of skeletal muscles of the right leg is initiated by neurons that originate in the _________.

a. the precentral gyrus of the left frontal lobe.
b. the postcentral gyrus of the left parietal lobe.
c. the precentral gyrus of the right frontal lobe
d. the postcentral gyrus of the right parietal lobe.

a. the precentral gyrus of the left frontal lobe.

There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The plexus responsible for branching of the phrenic nerve, which innervates the diaphragm is the __________.

a. L4 - S4 Sacral plexus
b. C1 - C5 Cervical plexus
c. C5 - T1 Brachial plexus
d. L1 - L4 Lumbar plexus

b. C1 - C5 Cervical plexus

White matter within the brain and spinal cord is made by Olingodendrocytes. What is the name of the fatty substance that insulates axons in these regions and allows nerve signals to travel faster?

a. plasma fluid
b. myelin
c. ACh
d. CSF

b. myelin

The meninges surround nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord. Which of the following is not a lobe found in the brain?

a. temporal
b. occipital
c. cerebellum
d. frontal

c. cerebellum

The retina of the eye contains photoreceptors responsible for distinguishing color and light. Which of the following statements is true?

a. rods allow for focusing on bright color tones, and cones allow for myopic vision to see more clearly at night.
b. rods are specific for seeing the color red, and cones are specific for colorful light and peripheral vision.
c. rods allow for color vision and bright light, and cones allow for gray tones and dim light.
d. rods allow for seeing gray tones and dim light, and cones allow for distinguishing color and bright light.

d. rods allow for seeing gray tones and dim light, and cones allow for distinguishing color and bright light.

___________ occurs when voltage-gates specific to Na+ open, and Na+ enters the membrane changing the ICF from negative to positive.

a. hyperpolarization
b. repolarization
c. depolarization
d. resting membrane potential

c. depolarization

Dynamic and static equilibrium are maintained by the __________ within the inner ear.

a. malleus, incus and stapes.
b. vestibular apparatus within the semicircular canals
c. tympanic membrane
d. cochlea connected to the cochlear nerve.

b. vestibular apparatus within the semicircular canals.

Chemoreceptors within the mucus membranes relay sensory information to the ________.

a. III - Oculomotor nerve
b. X - Vagus
c. XI - Accessory nerve
d. I - Olfactory nerve

d. I - Olfactory nerve

Cranial nerves VII, IX and X from various tastebuds relay signals from gustatory cells to the gustatory cortex in the brain. These specific cranial nerves are the ___________. a. facial, vestibulocochlear and hypoglossal b. accessory, vagus and trigeminal c. facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus d. facial, glossopharyngeal and olfactory

c. facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus.

Stimuli that do not reach the threshold for depolarization will cause a target cell to _______. a. repolarize b. open more chemical gates c. not generate an action potential d. strengthen the action potential

c. not generate an action potential

The ____________ is restored when voltage-gates specific to K+ open, and K+ exits the membrane changing the ECF from negative to positive. a. absolute refractory period. b. action potential c. resting membrane potential d. hyperpolarized zone

c. resting membrane potential

The frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital and insula are collectively the lobes of the brain. Which of the following statements is not correct? a. the temporal and parietal lobes are located in the left and right brain hemispheres b. the parietal lobe contains the sensory homunculus and the Broca area c. the occipital lobe is posterior and contains the visual cortex d. the frontal lobe is responsible for judgement, executive function and motor control

b. the parietal lobe contains the sensory homunculus and the Broca area

Which of the following neuroglial cells produce myelin? a. ependymal cells and oligodendrocytes b. microglia and schwann cells c. astrocytes and microglia d. oligodendrocytes and schwann cells

d. oligodendrocytes and schwann cells

A sympathetic postganglionic neuron secretes ______________. a. acetylcholine on adrenergic receptors of sweat glands b. acetylcholine on cholinergic receptors of sweat glands c. norepinephrine on adrenergic receptors of sweat glands d. norepinephrine on cholinergic receptors of sweat glands

b. acetylcholine on cholinergic receptors of sweat glands

The precentral gyrus sends nerve signals that descend from the brain to the spinal cord and innervate skeletal muscles. The motor nerve exits from the spinal cord through the ___________. a. dorsal root b. dorsal root ganglion c. central canal d. ventral root

d. ventral root

The postcentral gyrus receives sensory nerve signals that ascend from the spinal cord. Sensory nerve signals from the periphery enter the spinal cord through the __________. a. dorsal root ganglion b. lateral ganglion c. dorsal root d. ventral root

c. dorsal root

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is maintained by the ___________. a. sodium potassium pump b. water sodium pump c. sodium chloride pump d. calcium potassium pump

a. sodium potassium pump

The brain stem is composed of the mid-brain, pons and medulla oblongata. The respiratory, cardiac and vasomotor centers are located within the ___________. a. medulla oblongata b. thalamus c. mid-brain d. pons

a. medulla oblongata

_______________ are mediated through the brain stem and spinal cord. a. dermatomes b. reflexes c. somatic motor nerves d. voluntary skeletal muscle movements

b. reflexes