Reactivity series Flashcards
Which metals react with water?
Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium
What is the general equation for metals reacting with water?
Metal + water —-> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
Which metals react with acid?
Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Zinc Iron Nickel Tin
Are there any elements we wouldn’t react with acid?
We wouldn’t react Potassium or Sodium with acid as they are highly reactive
What is the general equation for a metal reacting with acid?
Metal + acid —-> metal salt + hydrogen
What type of salt does hydrochloric acide make? Write an equation
Makes chloride
Metal + hydrochloric acid —-> Metal Chlorine + Hydrogen
What observation would we make when a metal reacts with an acid?
As the metal reacts we observe bubbling as Hydrogen is produced. The metal slowly disappears. The reaction is exothermic
Why do we use displacement reactions to work out a reactivity series ?
So we can predict whether or not there will be a reaction or not
What is the rule for deciding if a displacement reaction will occur
When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive metal out of its compound
If the displacement reaction is between a metal and a metal oxide, what do we call the reaction
A competition reaction
Write the thermite reaction
Aluminium + iron (III) oxide —> aluminium Oxide + iron
What is this reaction used for ? Why?
Welding railway lines together - the reaction is so exothermic the iron is Milton so it can flow into the gaps between the railway lines
Write an equation for the displacement reaction with copper sulphate solution
Copper sulphate + magnesium –> magnesium sulfate + copper
What happens in the reaction with the copper sulphate solution
The blue solution will turn colourless and the magnesium becomes coated with a brown layer. Solution gets hotter
List the reactivity series
Peter - potassium Sold- Sodium Lucy's - lithium Cat- calcium Mundungus - magnesium And - aluminium Zoey's- zinc Iguana - iron Caught - copper Some - silver Ganja - gold
What is needed for iron to rust
Water and oxygen
What is the chemical name for rust
Iron (III) oxide
What chemical can speed up rusting?
Sodium chloride (salt)
Give an example of a barrier method to prevent rusting
Painting ~ prevents water & oxygen from getting to iron , cheap , easy to fix, easily damaged
What is galvanising
Where you cover the iron with zinc
The coating still acts as a barrier even when damaged as the zinc is more reactive than iron
What is sacrificial protection
This method prevents rusting by putting a more reactive metal in contact with the iron . This method is used in big ships where a bar of (more reactive metal) is attached to the hull so it corrodes instead of the iron
Define oxidisation and reduction
Oxidisation =gains oxygen in reaction
Reduction = loses oxygen in reaction
What is a redox reaction
A reaction that involves both reduction and oxidisation
What is an oxidising agent
A chemical which brings about oxidation- it donates oxygen ( it gets reduced)
