Reactivity series

Question 1

Which metals react with water?

Answer 1

Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium

Question 2

What is the general equation for metals reacting with water?

Answer 2

Metal + water —-> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen

Question 3

Which metals react with acid?

Answer 3

Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Zinc Iron Nickel Tin

Question 4

Are there any elements we wouldn’t react with acid?

Answer 4

We wouldn’t react Potassium or Sodium with acid as they are highly reactive

Question 5

What is the general equation for a metal reacting with acid?

Answer 5

Metal + acid —-> metal salt + hydrogen

Question 6

What type of salt does hydrochloric acide make? Write an equation

Answer 6

Makes chloride

Metal + hydrochloric acid —-> Metal Chlorine + Hydrogen

Question 7

What observation would we make when a metal reacts with an acid?

Answer 7

As the metal reacts we observe bubbling as Hydrogen is produced. The metal slowly disappears. The reaction is exothermic

Question 8

Why do we use displacement reactions to work out a reactivity series ?

Answer 8

So we can predict whether or not there will be a reaction or not

Question 9

What is the rule for deciding if a displacement reaction will occur

Answer 9

When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive metal out of its compound

Question 10

If the displacement reaction is between a metal and a metal oxide, what do we call the reaction

Answer 10

A competition reaction

Question 11

Write the thermite reaction

Answer 11

Aluminium + iron (III) oxide —> aluminium Oxide + iron

Question 12

What is this reaction used for ? Why?

Answer 12

Welding railway lines together - the reaction is so exothermic the iron is Milton so it can flow into the gaps between the railway lines

Question 13

Write an equation for the displacement reaction with copper sulphate solution

Answer 13

Copper sulphate + magnesium –> magnesium sulfate + copper

Question 14

What happens in the reaction with the copper sulphate solution

Answer 14

The blue solution will turn colourless and the magnesium becomes coated with a brown layer. Solution gets hotter

Question 15

List the reactivity series

Answer 15

Peter - potassium 
Sold- Sodium 
Lucy's - lithium 
Cat- calcium 
Mundungus - magnesium 
And - aluminium 
Zoey's- zinc
Iguana - iron 
Caught - copper
Some - silver 
Ganja - gold

Question 16

What is needed for iron to rust

Answer 16

Water and oxygen

Question 17

What is the chemical name for rust

Answer 17

Iron (III) oxide

Question 18

What chemical can speed up rusting?

Answer 18

Sodium chloride (salt)

Question 19

Give an example of a barrier method to prevent rusting

Answer 19

Painting ~ prevents water & oxygen from getting to iron , cheap , easy to fix, easily damaged

Question 20

What is galvanising

Answer 20

Where you cover the iron with zinc

The coating still acts as a barrier even when damaged as the zinc is more reactive than iron

Question 21

What is sacrificial protection

Answer 21

This method prevents rusting by putting a more reactive metal in contact with the iron . This method is used in big ships where a bar of (more reactive metal) is attached to the hull so it corrodes instead of the iron

Question 22

Define oxidisation and reduction

Answer 22

Oxidisation =gains oxygen in reaction

Reduction = loses oxygen in reaction

Question 23

What is a redox reaction

Answer 23

A reaction that involves both reduction and oxidisation

Question 24

What is an oxidising agent

Answer 24

A chemical which brings about oxidation- it donates oxygen ( it gets reduced)

Question 25

What is a reducing agent

Answer 25

A chemical which brings about reduction- it acccepts oxygen (it gets oxidised)

Question 26

Write an equation for the redox reaction between copper oxide and zinc

Answer 26

Zinc + copper oxide –> zinc oxide + copper

Zinc is oxidised to zinc oxide
Copper oxide is reduced to copper
Zinc = reducing agent
Copper oxide = oxidising agent

Question 27

What does a general work equation look like?

Answer 27

Reactants –> products

Question 28

State the state symbols

Answer 28

g = gas
l = liquid
s = solid
aq = aqueous (a solution)