Reactivity Of Metals Flashcards
What are metals called when they react with oxygen
Metal oxides
What is an oxidation reaction
When oxygen is added to an element or compound
What is a reduction reaction
When oxygen is removed from an element or compound
Reactivity series
Potassium Please
Sodium Send
Lithium Lions
Calcium Cats
Magnesium Monkeys
Aluminium And
Carbon Cute
Zinc Zebras
Iron Into
Hydrogen Hot
Copper Countries
Silver Signed
Gold Gordon
What is the reactivity series
The reactivity series shows metals in order of reactivity.
Which metals reaction with water
Metals above hydrogen
What is the equation for metals that react with water
Metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Which metals in the reactivity series do not react with acids
Ones below hydrogen
What is the equation for metals reacting with acid
Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen
Why do non metals appear in the reactivity series of metals
They usually contain carbon and hydrogen because these elements play different roles in our understanding of the reactions of metals and our ability to predict how metals can be extracted from their ores
How are metals below carbon extracted from their ores
If a metal is less reactive than carbon, it can be extracted from its oxide by heating with carbon. The carbon displaces the metal from the compound, and removes the oxygen from the oxide. This leaves the metal.
How are metals higher than carbon extracted from their ores
However if the metal is more reactive we use electrolysis,electrolysis involves using electricity to break down electrolytes to form elements
What is a displacement reaction
when a more reactive element displaces, or pushes out, a less reactive element from a compound that contains the less reactive element. After a displacement reaction, the less reactive element is now pure and left uncombined.
What is a metal ore
A rock that contains enough of a metal or metal compound to make it worth extracting
How can you tell if it is a reduction reaction
If the ore is an oxide of the metal the extraction of the metal would be a reduction as oxygen is being removed
What are native metals
Very unreactive metals, such as gold and platinum, that are found in the Earth’s crust as pure metals.
Equation for metal being removed from its ore. Using carbon
Metal oxide + carbon = metal + carbon dioxide
How does a blast furnace work
Step 1 – Heated oxygen reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace.
Step 2 – More coke is added to the furnace and reduces the carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, a good reducing agent
Step 3 – iron oxide is reduced to iron and the carbon is oxidised to carbon dioxide
What is a blast furnace used for
Melt iron ore and extract the iron which can be used to make steel and other metal products
