Reactions of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Question 1

What are the key reactions of alkenes

Answer 1

Hydrogenation
Halogenation
Hydration
Hydrohalogenation

Question 2

is the addition of a molecule of hydrogen (H2) to
a carbon-carbon double bond to produce an alkane

Answer 2

Hydrogenation

Question 3

Catalyst for hydrogenation

Answer 3

Platinum, palladium, nickel

Question 4

T or F; Heat and pressure may be required in hydrogenation

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Oils are hydrogenated to form what

Answer 5

Margarine

Question 6

What is the product of hydrogenation

Answer 6

Alkane

Question 7

the addition of a molecule of halogen (X2) to a carbon-carbon double bond to produce an alkane

Answer 7

Halogenation

Question 8

T or F; Halogenation of alkenes require catalyst

Answer 8

False (they occur quite readily without a catalyst)

Question 9

What is the reactant added with alkene in halogenation

Answer 9

Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine,
Bromine, Iodine,
Astatine)

Question 10

What are the common reactants used in halogenation of alkenes

Answer 10

Bromine and Chloride

Question 11

What is the product of halogenation of alkenes

Answer 11

Alkyl dihalide (Alkane)

Question 12

addition-reaction; a water molecule can be added to an alkene

Answer 12

Hydration

Question 13

What are the catalysts for hydration of alkenes

Answer 13

Strong acids

Question 14

Enumerate the strong acids needed in hydration of alkenes

Answer 14

Hydrochloric acid HCl,
Nitric acid HNO3,
Sulfuric acid H2SO4,
Hydrobromic acid HBr,
Hydroiodic acid HI,
Perchloric acid HClO4

Question 15

Product formed in hydration of alkene

Answer 15

alcohol

Question 16

empirical rule used to predict regioselectivity of electrophilic
addition reactions of alkenes and alkynes

Answer 16

Markovnikov’s Rule

Question 17

What are hydrogen halides

Answer 17

Hydrogen bonded to a halogen

Question 18

Addition-reaction; An alkene can be combined with a hydrogen halide such as HBr
or HCl

Answer 18

Hydrohalogenation

Question 19

Product formed in hydrohalogenation of alkenes

Answer 19

Alkyl halide

Question 20

Product formed in hydration of alkynes

Answer 20

Enol (which will tautomerize)
Aldehyde/ketone

Question 21

Reactant needed in hydration of alkynes

Answer 21

Water

Question 22

What type of reaction is halogenation of benzene

Answer 22

Substitution reaction

Question 23

In this reaction of benzenes, the H atom is replaced by a halogen

Answer 23

Halogenation (of benzenes)

Question 24

In this reaction of benzenes, the H atom is replaced with a nitro on the ring

Answer 24

Nitration

Question 25

Catalyst needed in halogenation of benzenes

Answer 25

Lewis acids ( FeCl3 or FeBr3)

Question 26

Catalyst needed in nitration of benzenes

Answer 26

Concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

Question 27

Reactant in nitration of benzene

Answer 27

Nitric acid (HNO3)

Question 28

Reactant in sulfonation

Answer 28

Sulfur trioxide (SO3)

Question 29

Catalyst needed in sulfonation of benzene

Answer 29

Concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

Question 30

Product of halogenation ofbenzene

Answer 30

Aryl halide (benzene with halogen teh)

Question 31

Product of nitration of benzene

Answer 31

Nitrobenzene

Question 32

Product of sulfonation of benzene

Answer 32

Benzenesulfonic acid

Question 33

Type of reaction; nitration of benzene

Answer 33

Substitution reaction

Question 34

Type of reaction; sulfonation of benzene

Answer 34

Substitution reaction

Question 35

What rule says that the hydrogen atom of the HX reagent adds to the carbon atom of the double bond that has more hydrogen atoms attached to it?

Answer 35

Markovnikov's rule(r) kimmy

Question 36

Which of the following is the reaction involved when 4-methyl-3-heptene is converted to 4-methyl-4-heptanol?

Answer 36

Hydration

Question 37

In the food industry, what substance undergoes hydrogenation to produce margarine?

Answer 37

Vegetable oil

Question 38

What polymers of alkene is used as fiberglass?

Answer 38

polymethyl methacrylate

Question 39

T or F; The hydrogenation of alkene uses a metallic catalyst to yield a saturated hydrocarbon.

Answer 39

EURT

Question 40

T or F; Bromination of benzene (C6H6), an aromatic compound occurs by addition rather than substitution

Answer 40

FALSE (It occurs by substitution rather than addition)

Question 41

T of F; Sulfuric acid is a catalyst used in the hydration of terminal alkynes to yield ketones.

Answer 41

TRUE22O

Question 42

T or F; Markovnikov's rule says the hydrogen atom of the HX reagent adds to the carbon atom of the double bond that has more alkyl groups attached to it.

Answer 42

FALSE; hydrogen atom of the HX reagent adds to the carbon atom of the double bond that has more HYDROGEN ATOMS attached to it.

Question 43

What are the three general types of addition reactions?

Answer 43

Symmetrical Unsymmetrical Self-addition or polymerization

Question 44

Type of addition reaction; the same atom is added to each carbon

Answer 44

Symmetrical

Question 45

Type of addition reaction; H and another atom are added to the two carbons; this only happens when you use acid or water in your reaction

Answer 45

Unsymmetrical

Question 46

Type of addition reaction; repeat the alkene monomer unit to itself to create a more complex/longer structure

Answer 46

Self-addition or polymerization

Question 47

What are the reactions of alkene that classify under symmetrical addition reactions?

Answer 47

Hydrogenation Halogenation

Question 48

What are the reactions of alkene that classify under unsymmetrical addition reactions?

Answer 48

Hydrohalogenation Hydration