Reactions of Ions in Aq solution Flashcards
1
Q
Are 2+ ions or 3+ ions more acidic in solution? Why?
A
- 3+ ions are much more acidic
- 3+ are smaller and more highly charged, so attract electrons from the oxygen of the ligands more strongly.
- This weakens the O-H bonds, so the complex readily releases a H⁺ ion into the solution, making it acidic
2
Q
Write an equation for the hydrolysis of a 3+ ion to release a proton.
A
[Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺ (aq) ⇄ [Fe(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁺ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)
3
Q
What kind of acid is the complex ion acting as? Why?
[Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺ (aq) ⇄ [Fe(H₂O)₅(OH)]²⁺ (aq) + H⁺ (aq)
A
- Bronsted-Lowry - donates a proton
4
Q
Define a Lewis acid
A
- electron pair acceptor
5
Q
Define a Lewis base
A
- electron pair donor
6
Q
What is acting as the Lewis acid and what is acting as the Lewis base during the formation of complex ions?
A
- The metal ion is acting as the Lewis acid and the ligands as Lewis bases
7
Q
Fill in the Table for Fe²⁺ reactions…
A
8
Q
Why does the green ppt go brown on standing in air in the reaction Fe²⁺ with NH₃?
A
- oxygen in the air oxidises Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺ and [Fe(OH)₃(H₂O)₃] is brown, so colour changes
9
Q
Fill in the table for the reaction of Cu²⁺…
A
10
Q
Fill in the table for the reactions of Fe³⁺…
A
11
Q
Fill in the table with the reactions of Al³⁺…
A
12
Q
Fill in the table for the reactions of Co²⁺…
A
