Reactions of Acids Flashcards
How does the pH of an acid depend on the strength of an acid?
pH depends on how many H+ ions there are. If an acid is stronger, it means there has been more dissociation/ionisation, meaning more H+ ions have been dissociated. Therefore, stronger the acid, the lower the pH
How does the pH of an acid depend on the concentration of the acid?
If an acid has a high concentration, it means there’s more of it in a volume of water. If there’s more of it, then it has more H+ ions, meaning the pH will be lower.
Hydrochloric acid + a metal makes…?
…..chloride salt
Sulfuric acid + a metal makes…?
….sulfate salt
Nitric acid + a metal makes….?
….nitrate salt
How can a salt be formed?
Reacting an acid with:
A metal, a base (metal oxide), an alkali (metal hydroxide) or a metal carbonate.
What two parts does a salt consist of?
A metal + a nonmetal.
What does the metal part of a salt depend on?
Which metal/base/alkali/carbonate is used
What does the nonmetal part of a salt depend on?
Which acid is used.
What does acid + a metal make?
And how do you test for the second product?
Salt + Hydrogen.
Use a lit split and if you hear a squeaky pop, there is hydrogen present.
What does an acid + an alkali (hydroxide) make?
Salt + water
What does an acid + metal oxide (base) make?
Salt + water
What does an acid + a metal carbonate make?
And how do you test for the product?
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
Limewater will go cloudy if carbon dioxide is present.
If there are bubbles in a making salt reaction, there is…
A gas present.
