Reactions in Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What is a substitution reaction?
A substitution reaction is a chemical reaction in which an atom or group of atoms in a molecule is replaced by another atom or group of atoms
What is the mechanism of a reaction?
The mechanism of a reaction is the detailed step-by-step description of how the overall reaction occurs
What is a chain reaction?
A chain reaction is a reaction that continues on and on because a product from one step of the reaction is a reactant for another step of the reaction
What is an addition reaction?
An addition reaction is one in which two or more molecules react together to form a single molecule
What are polymers?
Polymers are long chain molecules made by joining together many small molecules
What is the repeating unit of a polymer?
The repeating unit of a polymer is that part of the polymer whose repetition produces the complete polymer chain except for the end groups
What is an elimination reaction?
An elimination reaction is one in which a small molecule is removed from a larger molecule to leave a double bond in the larger molecule
What is organic synthesis?
Organic synthesis is the process of making organic compounds from simpler starting materials
Define chromatography.
Chromatography is a separation technique in which a mobile phase carrying a mixture moves in contact with a selectively adsorbent stationary phase
What is the principle on which all chromatogrpahy separation techniques are based on?
(5)
The principle on which all chromatogrpahy separation techniques are based on is that;
separation of a mixture of components
occurs as a result of a selective adsorbance
of the components of the mixture
on a stationary phase
while carried by a mobile phase
What is the principle of gas chromatography?
4
The principle of gas chromatography is that:
a gaseous mobile phase is in contact with a stationary phase (non-volatile liquid)
and separation of the mixture occurs
as a result of selective adsorbance of the components of the mixture
on the stationary phase
What is the principle of high-performance liquid chromatography?
(4)
The principle of high-performance liquid chromatography is that
a liquid mobile phase is in contact with a stationary phase (fine particles of a solid)
and separation of the mixture occurs
as a result of selective adsorbance of the components of the mixture
on the stationary phase
What is the principle of infra-red spectrometry?
4
The principle of infra-red spectrometry is that :
organic compounds absorb infra-red radiation of certain frequencies
The combinations of frequencies that are absorbed
depend on the bonding within the molecule
and are unique to the particular molecules
What is the principle of ultraviolet absorption spectrometry?
The principle of ultraviolet absorption spectrometry is that absorbance is directly proportional to the concentration of a substance
