Reaction Pathways Flashcards
How would you get a haloalkane from an alkane?
(Free radical reaction)
Br2 or Cl2
UV light
Haloalkane ——–> Alcohol?
NaOH(aq)
Reflux
Alcohol ——–> Haloalkane?
H2SO4/Na Hal
OR
Conc Hydrogen halide
Alkene ——-> Alkane?
Ni/H2
150C
1000kPa
Alkene ——–> Haloalkane?
H Hal
Spontaneous at room temp
Alkene ——–> Alcohol?
H3PO4
H2O
Haloalkane ——–> Nitrile?
KCN(al) (Dissolved in ethanol)
Nitrile ——–> Amine?
H2
Ni Catalyst
Haloalkane ——–> Amine?
NH3 (Heated and sealed)
Alcohol ——–> Ketone?
Cr2O7 2-
Reflux
Alcohol ——–> Ester?
COOH
Conc H2SO4
OR
Acid anhydride
OR
Acyl Chloride
Ketone ——–> (Secondary) Alcohol?
NaBH4
Ketone ——–> Hydroxnitrile?
NaCN(aq) / H+(aq)
Hydroxnitrile ——–> Amine?
H2/Ni
Hydroxnitrile ——-> Carboxylic Acid?
H+(aq)
Reflux
Aldehyde ——–> Hydroxnitrile?
NaCN(aq) / H+(aq)
Nitrile ——–> Carboxylic Acid?
H+(aq)
Reflux
Heat
eg. HCl(aq)
Alcohol ——–> Alkene?
Conc H2SO4
Dehydration
Primary Alcohol ——–> Aldehyde?
Distill
Aldehyde ——–> Primary Alcohol?
NaBH4
Aldehyde ——–> Carboxylic Acid?
K2Cr2O7/H2SO4
Reflux
Primary Alcohol ——–> Carboxylic Acid?
K2Cr2O7/H2SO4
Reflux
Carboxylic Acid ———> Ester?
Alcohol (+ H+(aq) Catalyst)
Ester ——–> Carboxylic acid?
H+(aq)
Reflux
Ester ——–> Carboxylate?
Hydrolisis
OH-(aq)
Reflux
Carboxylic Acid ——–> Acyl Chloride?
SOCl2
Acyl Chloride ——–> Carboxylic Acid?
H2O
Acyl Chloride ——–> Ester?
Alcohol
Spontaneous at room temp
Acyl Chloride ——–> Primary Amide?
NH3
Acyl Chloride ———> Secondary Amide?
Primary Amine
Benzene ——–> Methylbenzene?
CH3Cl
AlCl3
Benzene ———> Chlorobenzene?
Cl2
AlCl3
Benzene ——–> Bromobenzene?
Br2
AlCl3