reaction feasability

Question 1

what are the general principles of entropy

Answer 1

gases>liquids>solids
The more complex the molecule the higher the entropy
Breaking a large molecule into smaller molecules increases the entropy
Dissolving increases entropy

Question 2

define standard enthalpy of formation

Answer 2

the enthalpy change when one mole of substance is formed from its elements in their standard state

Question 3

define standard state of a substance

Answer 3

its most stable state at a pressure of 1 atmosphere and at a specified temperature usually taken as 298 K

Question 4

define entropy

Answer 4

Entropy is a measure of the degree of disorder of a system

Question 5

relationship of entropy and degrees of disorder

Answer 5

The higher the degree of disorder the higher the entropy

Question 6

what does the second law of thermodynamics state

Answer 6

The second law of thermodynamics states that the total energy of a reaction system and its surroundings always increases for a spontaneous process

Question 7

what does the third law of thermodynamics state

Answer 7

the entropy of a perfect crystal at 0 K is zero. as the solid is heated it gains more kinetic energy and the entropy increases

Question 8

when does a spontaneous process take place

Answer 8

it takes place on its own, irrespective of how long it takes and without any outside assistance

Question 9

what happens if the change in free energy between reactants is negative

Answer 9

a reaction may occur and the reaction said to be feasible

Question 10

define enthalpy of formation

Answer 10

the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from its elements in their standard states

Question 11

do solids have high disorder

Answer 11

NO.

Question 12

what happens to entropy as temp increases

Answer 12

entropy increases

Question 13

what does heat energy released by the reaction system do

Answer 13

Heat energy released by the reaction system into the surroundings increases the entropy of the surroundings.

Question 14

what happens when heat energy is absorbed by the reaction system

Answer 14

Heat energy absorbed by the reaction system from the surroundings decreases the entropy of the surroundings.

Question 15

what is standard entropy

Answer 15

The standard entropy of a substance is the entropy value for the substance in its standard state.

Question 16

what happens if the change in free energy (G) between reactants and products is negative

Answer 16

If the change in free energy (G) between reactants and products is negative, a reaction may occur and the reaction is said to be feasible

Question 17

what side of equilibrium must a feasible reaction lean toward

Answer 17

A feasible reaction is one that tends towards the products rather than the reactants. This does not give any indication of the rate of the reaction.

Question 18

If K is positive, delta G should always be …

Answer 18

negative

Question 19

how can the feasibility of a chemical reaction under standard conditions be predicted

Answer 19

The feasibility of a chemical reaction under standard conditions can be predicted from the calculated value of the change in standard free
energy (G)

Question 20

under non standard conditions what does G have to be for the reaction to be feasible

Answer 20

Under non-standard conditions any reaction is feasible if G is negative.

Question 21

until when will a reverse reaction proceed

Answer 21

A reversible reaction will proceed spontaneously until the composition
is reached where
 = G 0

Question 22

at equilibrium what does G=

Answer 22

0