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chemistry~organic chemistry > reaction conditions and types > Flashcards

reaction conditions and types Flashcards

1
Q

conditions to convert a alkene to a poly(alkene)

A

-high pressure,
-catalyst

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2
Q

condition and mechanism to convert an alkene to a dihalogenoalkane

A

-Br2 or Cl2,
-room temperature,
mechanism- electrophilic addition

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3
Q

condition and mechanism to convert dihalogenoalkane to a diol

A

-aqueous KOH,
-heat under reflux
mechanism- nucleophilic substitution

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4
Q

conditions to covert an alkene to an alcohol

A

1- add H2SO4
mechanism electrophilic addiction
2- H2O, warm
mechanism- hydrolysis

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5
Q

conditions to convert an alcohol to an alkene

A

-concentrated H2SO4 or concentrated H3PO4
mechanism- elimination (dehydration)

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6
Q

conditions to convert an alcohol (primary) to an aldehyde

A

-acidified potassium dichromate
-heat and distill
-(partial) oxidation

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7
Q

conditions to convert an alcohol (secondary) to a ketone

A

-acidified potassium dichromate
-heat and distill
-oxidation

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8
Q

conditions to convert an aldehyde to a alcohol

A

-NaBH4
-reduction
-nucleophilic addiction

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9
Q

conditions to convert an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid

A

-acidified potassium dichromate
-reflux in excess oxidising agent
-oxidation

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10
Q

conditions to convert an aldehyde to a hydroxynitrile

A

-HCN or NaCN
-H2SO4
-nucleophilic addition

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11
Q

conditions to convert a ketone to an alcohol

A

-NaBH4
-reduced
-nucleophilic addition

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12
Q

conditions to convert a ketone to a hydroxynitrile

A

-HCN or NaCN
-H2SO4
-nucleophilic addition

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13
Q

conditions to convert a carboxylic acid to an ester

A

-alcohol
-H2SO4
-heat
-esterification

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14
Q

conditions to convert an alcohol to an ester

A

-carboxylic acid
-H2SO4
-heat
-esterification

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15
Q

conditions to convert an acyl chloride or acid anhydride to an ester

A

-alcohol
-room temperature
-nucleophilic addition elimination

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16
Q

conditions to convert an acyl chloride or an acid anhydride to a carboxylic acid

A

-H2O
-room temperature
-nucleophilic addition elimination

17
Q

conditions to convert an acyl chloride or an acid anhydride to a primary amide

A

-NH3
-room temperature
-nucleophilic addition elimination

18
Q

conditions to convert an acyl chloride or an acid anhydride to a secondary amide

A

-primary amine
-room temperature
-nucleophilic addition elimination

19
Q

conditions to convert a primary amide to a secondary amide

A

-acyl chloride
-room temperature
-nucleophilic addition elmination

20
Q

conditions to convert a conditions to convert a primary amide to a secondary to tertiary amide or a quaternary salt

A

-halogenoalkane
-nucleophilic substitution

21
Q

conditions to convert a nitrile to a primary amine

A

-LiAlH4
-dry ether
-dilute acid
-Ni catalyst
-high temperature and pressure
-reduction

22
Q

conditions to convert a halogenoalkane to a nitrile

A

-KCN in ethanol
-water mixture
-heat under reflux
-nucleophilic substitution

23
Q

conditions to convert a halogenoalkane to a primary amine

A

-alcoholic NH3
-heat under pressure
-nucleophilic substitution

24
Q

conditions to convert a halogenoalkane to an alcohol

A

-KOH aqueous
-heat under reflux
-nucleophilic substitution

25
Q

conditions to convert a halogenoalkane to an alkene

A

-KOH alcoholic
-heat under reflux
-elimination

26
Q

conditions to convert an alkene to a halogenoalkane

A

-HBr or HCl
-room temperature
-electrophilic addition

27
Q

conditions to convert an alkane to a halogenoalkane

A

-Br2 or Cl2
-UV light
-free radical substitution

28
Q

conditions to convert benzene to a phenylketone

A

-RCOCl
-AlCl3 catalyst
-reflux
-non-aqueous environment
-acylation

29
Q

conditions to convert benzene to nitrobenzene

A

-Conc H2SO4 (catalyst)
-Conc HNO3
-below 55 degrees
-nitration

30
Q

conditions to convert nitrobenzene to phenylamine

A

-Sn
-Conc HCl
-reflux
-NaOH
-reduction

31
Q

conditions to convert phenylamine to N-phenylethanamide

A

-CH3COCl
-25 degrees
-addition elimination

chemistry~organic chemistry (5 decks)

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