organic analysis - RP

Question 1

test for an alkene C=C, and result

Answer 1

test- shake with bromine water
result- colour change from orange to colourless

Question 2

test for halogenoalkane R-X

Answer 2

-add aqueous sodium hydroxide and warm gently
-acidify with nitric acid
-add silver nitrate

Question 3

results for test for halogenoalkane

Answer 3

-coloured precipitate forms
-AgCl - white precipitate forms
-AgBr - cream precipitate forms
-AgI - yellow precipitate forms

Question 4

test and result for halogenoalkane

Answer 4

test:
-add aqueous sodium hydroxide and warm gently
-acidify with nitric acid
-add silver nitrate
result:
-coloured precipitate forms
-AgCl - white precipitate forms
-AgBr - cream precipitate forms
-AgI - yellow precipitate forms

Question 4

test and result for an alcohol R-OH

Answer 4

test:
add acidified potassium dichromate
Result:
-orange turns to green with primary and secondary alcohols
-no colour change (no reaction) with a tertiary alchohol

Question 4

result for tertiary alcohols after adding acidified potassium dichromate

Answer 4

-no colour change (no reaction) primary reaction so remains orange

Question 5

result for secondary and primary alcohols after adding acidified potassium dichromate

Answer 5

orange turns to green with primary and secondary alcohols

Question 6

what are the 2 tests for aldehydes R-CHO

Answer 6

-warm with tollens regent
-warm with Fehling’s solution

Question 7

test and result for aldehyde - tollens reagent R-CHO

Answer 7

test:
-warm with Tollens’s reagent
result:
silver mirror forms

Question 8

test and result for aldehyde R-CHO (Fehling’s solution)

Answer 8

test:
warm with Fehling’s solution
result:
blue solution turns to a red precipitate

Question 9

test and result for carboxylic acid R-COOH

Answer 9

test:
add sodium hydrogen carbonate
result:
CO2 gas formed