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Chemistry > Reacting Atoms Revision > Flashcards

Reacting Atoms Revision Flashcards

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1
Q

Charge of a proton

A

1+ charge

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2
Q

Charge of an electron

A

1- charge

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3
Q

Charge of a neutron

A

No charge

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4
Q

Three subatomic particles that make up an atom are:

A

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

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5
Q

Where are protons located?

A

Inside the nucleus

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6
Q

Where are electrons located?

A

Located in the outer shell

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7
Q

Where are neutrons located?

A

Inside the nucleus

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8
Q

What size is a proton compared to a proton

A

1

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9
Q

What size is an electron compared to a proton

A

1/1836

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10
Q

What size is a neutron compared to a proton

A

1

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11
Q

How many electrons can the first shell hold?

A

2

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12
Q

How many electrons can the second shell hold?

A

8

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13
Q

How many electrons can the third shell hold?

A

18

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14
Q

Neon symbol

A

Ne

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15
Q

Sodium symbol

A

Na

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16
Q

Magnesium symbol

A

Mg

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17
Q

Aluminum symbol

A

Al

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18
Q

Silicon symbol

A

Si

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19
Q

Phosphorus symbol

A

P

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20
Q

Sulfur symbol

A

S

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21
Q

Chlorine symbol

A

Cl

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22
Q

Argon symbol

A

Ar

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23
Q

Atomic number of Neon

A

10

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24
Q

Atomic number of Sodium

A

11

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25
Q

Atomic number of Magnesium

A

12

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26
Q

Atomic number of Aluminum

A

13

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27
Q

Atomic number of Silicon

A

14

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28
Q

Atomic number of Phosphorus

A

15

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29
Q

Atomic number of Sulfur

A

16

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30
Q

Atomic number of Chlorine

A

17

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31
Q

Atomic number of Argon

A

18

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32
Q

Electron configuration of Neon

A

2, 8

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33
Q

Electron configuration of Sodium

A

2, 8, 1

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34
Q

Electron configuration of Magnesium

A

2, 8, 2

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35
Q

Electron configuration of Aluminum

A

2, 8, 3

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36
Q

Electron configuration of Silicon

A

2, 8, 4

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37
Q

Electron configuration of Phosphorus

A

2, 8, 5

38
Q

Electron configuration of Sulfur

A

2, 8, 6

39
Q

Electron configuration of Chlorine

A

2, 8, 7

40
Q

Electron configuration of Argon

A

2, 8, 8

41
Q

What is an ion?

A

An atom which has gained or lost one electron

42
Q

What is a negative ion called?

A

An “anion”

43
Q

What is a positive ion called?

A

“Cation”

44
Q

Convert Mg to be an ion

A

Loses two electrons

45
Q

Convert Fluorine to be an ion

A

Gains 1 electron

46
Q

Why are all group 18 elements stable?

A

As they have a full outer shell

47
Q

Group 18 have a full OR empty outer shell?

A

Full

48
Q

How do ionic bonds occur?

A

When a metal reacts with a non metal

49
Q

The general rule of ionic bonding.

A

Electrons move from the metal to the non metal

50
Q

Using the general rule for ionic bonding, what is formed?

A

Positive metal ions (Cations) and negative non-metal ions (Anions)

51
Q

Steps to name an element.

A

1) Write down the elements involved
2) Change the ending of the second element to -ide
3) Count how many atoms there are of each element
4) Add prefixes for the number of atoms

52
Q

The prefixes for the number of atoms are:

A

1 - (no prefix)
2 - di
3 - tri
4 - tetra
5 - penta
6 - hexa

52
Q

The prefixes for the number of atoms are:

A

1 - (no prefix)
2 - di
3 - tri
4 - tetra
5 - penta
6 - hexa

53
Q

OH

A

Hydroxide

54
Q

Hydroxide

A

OH

55
Q

Sulfate

A

SO4

56
Q

SO4

A

Sulfate

57
Q

Carbonate

A

CO3

58
Q

CO3

A

Carbonate

59
Q

Nitrate

A

NO3

60
Q

NO3

A

Nitrate

61
Q

Phosphate

A

PO4

62
Q

PO4

A

Phosphate

63
Q

NH3

A

Ammonia

64
Q

Ammonia

A

NH3

65
Q

Ammonium

A

NH4

66
Q

NH4

A

Ammonium

67
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Atoms that have the same name and chemical properties, and the same amount of protons.

However they have different masses and a different number of neutrons

68
Q

Atoms that have the same name and chemical properties, and the same amount of protons.

However they have different masses and a different number of neutrons

These are called what?

A

Isotopes

69
Q

In the periodic table, the vertical groupings are called…

A

Groups

70
Q

In the periodic table, the horizontal groupings are called…

A

Periods

71
Q

The period of an element determines the…

A

number of shells occupied by electrons

72
Q

The group of an element determines…

A

how it will react

73
Q

What is a covalent compound?

A

A molecule formed by covalent bonds

74
Q

What molecules commence covalent bonding?

A

Non-metals

75
Q

In covalent bonding, what occurs?

A

SHARING of electrons

76
Q

What are the two types of covalent bonds?

A
  • Polar
  • Non polar
77
Q

What is different about non polar covalent bonds in comparison to polar covalent bonds?

A

There is an equal sharing of electrons

78
Q

What are the 6 types of chemical reactions?

A
  • Combination reactions
  • Decomposition reactions
  • Single displacement reactions
  • Double displacement reactions
  • Combustion reactions
  • Acid based reactions
79
Q

Draw out a combination reaction using A, B

A

A + B → AB

80
Q

A + B → AB represents what type of chemical reaction?

A

Combination reaction

81
Q

Draw out a decomposition reaction using A, B

A

AB → A + B

82
Q

AB → A + B represents what type of chemical reaction

A

Decomposition reaction

83
Q

Represent a single displacement reaction using A, B, and C

A

AB + C → AC + B

84
Q

AB + C → AC + B represents what kind of chemical reaction

A

Single displacement reaction

85
Q

Represent a double displacement reaction using A, B, C, and D

A

AB + CD → AD + BC

86
Q

AB + CD → AD + BC is representing what kind of chemical reaction?

A

Double displacement reaction

87
Q

What is a combustion reaction?

A

When Oxygen combines with a substance to produce water and carbon dioxide

88
Q

What is a acid based reaction?

A

A double displacement reaction resulting in the creation of water and another substance

89
Q

How do you test for Oxygen

A

Using the glowing splint method; light a splint, allowed it to burn briefly before blowing it out, when it is still hot introduce the splint to test tube.
If it is Oxygen, the splint will reignite

90
Q

How do you test for Hydrogen gas?

A

Using the glowing splint method; light a splint, allowed it to burn briefly before blowing it out, when it is still hot introduce the splint to test tube.
If it is Hydrogen gas, there will be a popping sound

91
Q

How do you test for carbon dioxide?

A
  1. Place limewater in a test tube
  2. Gently blow air onto it using a straw

If it goes cloudy, then carbon dioxide is present

Chemistry (6 decks)

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