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Religious Studies Themes > r.e buddhism terminology > Flashcards

r.e buddhism terminology Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. the Four Sights
A

Gautama’s four encounters with illness, old age, death and a holy man

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2
Q
  1. ascetic
A

A life free from worldly pleasures (especially sexual activity and consumption of alcohol), often with the aim of pursuing religious and spiritual goals.

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3
Q
  1. Buddha
A

Historically the Buddha - the enlightened one. 2. An awakened or enlightened person.

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4
Q
  1. Buddhahood
A

Enlightenment

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5
Q
  1. The Four Noble Truths
A

Dukkha, Samudaya, Nirodha, Magga (suffering, the cause of suffering, the end of suffering, the path to the end of suffering).

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6
Q
  1. dukkha
A

Suffering; ill; everything leads to suffering; unsatisfactoriness. The 1st Noble truth

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7
Q
  1. samudaya (in brackets)
A

The causes of suffering (the Second Noble Truth).

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8
Q
  1. tanha
A

Craving / desire, which causes suffering. The attempt to grasp at the things we enjoy. (The third Noble Truth)

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9
Q
  1. magga (in brackets)
A

The Eightfold Path. ‘The Middle Way’ which leads to freedom from suffering (The Fourth Noble Truth)

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10
Q
  1. The Threefold Way
A

A term that refers to the three divisions of the Eightfold Path into wisdom, ethics and meditation

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11
Q
  1. wisdom
A

Insight into the true nature of reality. One of the six perfections and in Mahayana Buddhism, it is the realization of sunyata, the ‘emptiness’ of all phenomena Also the title of one of the 3 sections of the Eightfold Path. 1.Right Understanding is all about understanding the Buddha’s teachings and in particular the Four Noble Truths 2.Right Thought /Intention is about having the right approach and outlook to following the Eightfold Path; being determined to follow the Buddhist path with a sincere attitude

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12
Q
  1. panna (in brackets)
A

Wisdom. Insight into the true nature of reality. One of the six perfections and in Mahayana Buddhism, it is the realization of sunyata, the ‘emptiness’ of all phenomena Also the title of one of the 3 sections of the Eightfold Path. 1.Right Understanding is all about understanding the Buddha’s teachings and in particular the Four Noble Truths 2.Right Thought /Intention is about having the right approach and outlook to following the Eightfold Path; being determined to follow the Buddhist path with a sincere attitude

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13
Q
  1. Dhamma
A

Universal law; ultimate truth; the teachings of Buddha. Spelt in Sanskrit as dharma

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14
Q
  1. Dharma (in brackets)
A

The Sanskrit form of dhamma. Universal law; ultimate truth; the teachings of Buddha.

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15
Q
  1. dependent arising
A

Paticcasamupada. The belief that everything in existence is because other things are. The idea that everything is interconnected and that everyone affects everyone else

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16
Q
  1. sila (in brackets)
A

Ethics / moral conduct. Also the title of one of the 3 sections of the Eightfold Path. 3.Right Speech is speaking truthfully in a helpful, positive way; avoiding lying or gossiping about others 4. Right Action is behaving in a peaceful, ethical way, avoiding acts such as stealing, harming others, or overindulging in sensual pleasures 5. Right Livelihood is earning a living in a way that doesn’t harm others; for example not doing work that exploits people or harms animals

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17
Q
  1. ethics
A

Sila / moral conduct. Also the title of one of the 3 sections of the Eightfold Path. 3.Right Speech is speaking truthfully in a helpful, positive way; avoiding lying or gossiping about others 4. Right Action is behaving in a peaceful, ethical way, avoiding acts such as stealing, harming others, or overindulging in sensual pleasures 5. Right Livelihood is earning a living in a way that doesn’t harm others; for example not doing work that exploits people or harms animals

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18
Q
  1. paticcasamupada
A

The concept of dependent arising. The belief that everything in existence is because other things are. The idea that everything is interconnected and that everyone affects everyone else

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19
Q
  1. The Three Marks of Existence
A

Sometimes known as the Three Universal Truths: dukkha, anicca, anatta (unsatisfactoriness, impermanence, no self).

20
Q
  1. annica
A

Impermanence, instability, not permanent. 1st mark of existence

21
Q
  1. anatta
A

No fixed self, no soul; the Universal Truth that the soul is insubstantial; that people change in the course of their lives; denial of a real or permanent self.

22
Q
  1. dukkha
A

suffering; ill; everything leads to suffering; unsatisfactoriness.

23
Q
  1. The Five Aggregates
A

The five skandhas of form, sensation, perception, mental formation, consciousness. The idea that one’s being is composed of these five factors.

24
Q
  1. skandhas (in brackets)
A

The Five Aggregates of form, sensation, perception,
mental formation, consciousness. The idea that a person consists of these five factors.

25
Q
  1. form
A

The first of the Five Aggregates. It refers to matter, to the sense organs and the objects of their experience

26
Q
  1. sensation
A

The second of the Five Aggregates. It is about the feelings that arise from our sense organs making contact with their objects

27
Q
  1. perception
A

The third of the Five Aggregates. The ability to distinguish between different objects that we experience through our senses. It enables memory

28
Q
  1. perception
A

The third of the Five Aggregates. The ability to distinguish between different objects that we experience through our senses. It enables memory

29
Q
  1. mental formations
A

The fourth of the Five Aggregates. They refer to mental activities which direct a person to good, bad or morally neutral actions. They produce good or bad kamma

30
Q
  1. consciousness
A

The fifth of the Five Aggregates. Awareness of something without or before recognition (perception)

31
Q
  1. sunyata
A

Literally ‘emptiness’. In Mahayana Buddhism, it refers to the absence of an intrinsic nature (or identity) in all phenomena

32
Q
  1. Bodhisattva
A

A concept in Mahayana Buddhism. A being destined for enlightenment, who postpones final attainment of Buddhahood in order to help living beings.

33
Q
  1. Arhat
A

A perfected person. In Theravada Buddhism this is a term for a person who has attained nibbana

34
Q
  1. Theravada
A

The kind of Buddhism found in Sri Lanka and Thailand. It came before Mahayana

35
Q
  1. Mahayana
A

A form of Buddhism which includes both the lay and monastic communities. Literally “Greater Vehicle”, it focuses on achieving enlightenment for the sake of all beings. It is the Buddhism of China, Tibet and Japan.

36
Q
  1. Pure Land
A

This is the dominant form of Buddhism in Japan and focuses on chanting the name of Amitabha Buddha

37
Q
  1. The Three Poisons
A

Ignorance, greed and hate

38
Q
  1. The Three Refuges
A

Buddha, Dhamma, Sangha.

39
Q
  1. The Three Universal Truths
A

Dukkha, anicca, anatta (unsatisfactoriness, impermanence, no self). Also known as the Three Marks of Existence.

40
Q
  1. Buddha- nature
A

In Mahayana Buddhism, this refers to the fundamental nature of all beings, which means that all beings can attain Buddhahood

41
Q
  1. Jataka
A

The Jataka Tales are stories about the previous lives of the Buddha

42
Q
  1. tranquility
A

A state of peace and calm

43
Q
  1. nibbana
A

Literally ‘blowing’ out. To reach a state of perfect peace where the individual experiences liberation from the cycle of birth, death and rebirth

44
Q
  1. Nirvana (in brackets)
A

The Sanskrit form of nibbana

45
Q
  1. enlightenment
A
46
Q
  1. The Buddha’s Life of Luxury
A
47
Q
  1. The Eightfold Path
A

Religious Studies Themes (19 decks)

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