RD sample test Flashcards
Client with diabetes drinks an alcoholic beverage. The caloric equivalent of the beverage should be subtracted from:
a. The carb exchange
b. The fat exchange
c. The meat exchange
d. Free Exchange
b. The fat exchange
Which of the following foods would provide the highest biologic value proteins?
a. Rice and beans
b. Roast beef and baked potato
c. Cole slaw
d. Ketchup
b. Roast beef and baked potato
Rice and beans make a complete protein but it is not the highest biologic value dish.
A patient on a 2-g (or 2000mg) sodium diet states he must salt his food. The patient’s daily Na intake from food sources averages nearly 1500mg. How much salt could be allowed for seasoning?
a. 1/3 tsp
b. ¼ tsp
c. 1/5 tsp
d. 1/8 tsp
b. ¼ tsp
Know how much sodium is in 1 tsp. 1 tsp=2325mg or roughly 2000mg. Recommended Range: 1,500-2,400 mg/day. Since his Na intake from food sources is already 1,500, he therefore can only salt 500mg worth of food. Since he is on a 2000mg Na diet and since 1 tsp=roughly 2000mg, ¼ of that=500mg.
- Use the following information to calculate the amount of bleach needed to make a 200 ppm solution in a 5-gallon tank of water if 1 oz (2 tbsp) of bleach to 1.5 gallons of water=200 ppm.
a. 4 TBS + 1 tsp
b. 8 TBS + 2 tsp
c. 6 TBS + 2 tsp
d. 8 TBS + 4 tsp
c. 6 TBS + 2 tsp
Set-up a proportion:
Bleach/bleach=water/water. Also know that 1 oz= 2 TBS
First Find TBS: 1oz/X oz=1.5 gal/5gal=3.33 oz (3x2=6 TBS)
FIND tsp: .33/ 1 oz= X tsp/6tsp=2 tsp.
OR METHOD 2: 1.5gal/2 TBS=5 gal/ X TBS= 6.6 TBS (6 TBS + 2 tsp)
- The Hourly Rate for all employees is $5.00/hour. Total meals/day=1000. Workers: 40 full time (35 hrs/wk) 10 part time (3 hours/day) 15 part-time (4hrs/day). The fringe benefit is 33%. Find meals/labor hours, minutes/meal, payroll costs/day, cost/meal, labor cost.
a. 3.45, 17.4, $1450, 1.45 and 1928
b. 5.65, 384, $2948, 1.56 and 9384
c. 484, 494, 3893, 3828
d. 284, 2938, 485, 4839, 3837
a. 3.45, 17.4, $1450, 1.45 and 1928
Assuming 8 hrs/day 5 days a week.
Meals/labor hours: Labor hours/day(7)= 200 +30+60=290= 1000 divided by 290=3.45. Minutes per meal. 290 hrs/day x 60min/hr=17400. 17400/1000=17.4. Payroll cost/day= $5.00 x290=1450. Payroll cost/meal served: 5.00 x 290=1450. 1450/1000=1.45. Labor cost: 1450 x .33=478.5+ 1450=1928
Mr. Jones consumes a 2000 kcal diet which provides 175g of CHO. This provides:
a. inadequate amount of CHO
b. excessive amount of CHO
c. appropriate amount of CHO
d. inadequate amount of fiber
a. inadequate amount of CHO
About 55% of your calories should be coming from CHO based on the dietary guidelines. Therefore, you need to find the kcalories per gram.
2000kcal x 55% (.55)=1100. 1100/4=275g.
Mr. Jones should be consuming 275g of CHO’s. Therefore he is consuming an inadequate amount of CHO. Now if it was to find FAT, it would be 30% of the diet. Or if it was protein, you would calculate 0.8 g/kg of body weight to find protein needs.
A patient receiving Lasix most likely would benefit from an increased intake of:
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Phosphorus
d. Calcium
b. Potassium
Lasix is a diuretic which Increases excretion of K (Potassium) although you do lose other minerals such as Na and Ca, Lasix creates a loop (K) depleting and may need a K or magnesium supplement.
Find out how many exchanges are in the following meal.
3 oz baked fish
½ C green beans
One Medium Baked Potato
1 C skim milk
a. 3 lean meats, 2 CHO and 1 veg
b. 3 lean meats, 2 CHO and 2 veg
c. 3 lean meats, 1 CHO and 1 veg
d. 2 lean meats, 2 CHO and 1 veg
a. 3 lean meats, 2 CHO and 1 veg
3 Lean meats (3 oz of fish) 2 CHO (1 from the potato and 1 from the milk 1 vegetable (1 green beans) Interesting fact: A Potato is considered a vegetable according to the food guide pyramid but is considered a starchy vegetable (carb group) according to the exchange system.
Which form of alternative medicine states that ill health results in internal disruption in the body. (answer just below)
a. homeopathic
b. naturopathic
c. traditional chinese medicine
d. chiropractic
b. naturopathic
RD’s care plan includes weight gain or 1.5 lb/wk. An appropriate monitoring plan would include.
a. Daily Weights
b. Serum Albumin
c. Meal Rounds
d. Intake Summary
d. Intake Summary
One would think it would be daily weight but the RD would not normally do this. It is not generally necessary to weigh a patient every single day
Clinical evaluation (a picture is worth a thousand words): Edema is a possible sign of:
a. Reduced physical exercise
b. Protein-energy malnutrition
c. Nutritional anemia
d. Decreased functional activity
b. Protein-energy malnutrition
Edema: When too much fluid collects in the interstitial spaces. Proteins are able to help determine the distribution of fluids, and proteins help hold water properly.
A nutrition assessment includes which of the following:
a. Clinical, biochemical and anthropometric measurements, and dietary evaluation
b. Individual assessment, care plan, intervention, and evaluation
c. Daily meal round data, and dietary evaluation
d. Calculating the BEE formula
a. Clinical, biochemical and anthropometric measurements, and dietary evaluation
Cafeteria customer comments that the turkey salad tastes rancid. The dietitian should first:
a. Remove the turkey salad from the service line
b. Report the incident to the foodservice manager
c. Punch the customer in the face
d. Show the turkey is not rancid by eating some in front of the customer
a. Remove the turkey salad from the service line
Better safe than sorry. Foodservice manager may be busy in that moment and quick action is necessary. Understand your not throwing it out just because a customer makes a comment about it, your just removing it (possibly just temporarily) in order make sure the kitchen is not serving rancid food.
Dietary aides substituted a ½ C tomato or grape juice for an orange or a grape fruit half. The RD should:
a. Explain substitutions cannot be made without first checking with the dietitian
b. Provide an in-service training session on Carbohydrate content
c. Teach a class on exchanges for all the dietary employees
d. Post a list of interchangeable fruits and juices
d. Post a list of interchangeable fruits and juices
According to the exchange list: ½ C grape juice is more than 1 exchange, but 1/3 C counts as an exchange. ½ C tomato juice is an exchange but not a substitute for orange/grapefruit juice. Tomato juice is a non-starchy vegetable not a fruit.
What is the food guide pyramid?
a. The visual representation of the U.S dietary guidelines
b. A graph representing what the average person must eat
c. The # of exchanges per meal
d. none of the above
d. none of the above
The Food guide pyramid is quantitative nutrition guideline, using a mnemonic graphic of a pyramid with hierarchical separated zones to represent suggested percentages of the daily diet for different food groups. The food guide pyramid does however help the consumer follow the U.S dietary guidelines but it is not the exact representation of it.
(salt) and lose potassium when taking prednisone, particularly in higher doses. Sometimes the salt retention reverses when the dose of prednisone is reduced. The resulting fluid retention shows up as an apparent weight gain because a pint of fluid weighs about 1 pound. You can discourage this fluid retention by eating a reduced sodium diet and eating more potassium-rich foods.
Studies suggest that diets rich in caratoids is associated with a lower risk of
a. diabetes
b. arthritis
c. Heart disease
d. Osteoporosis
c. Heart disease
The chemical digestion of fat takes place
a. Mouth
b. Stomach
c. Small Intestine
d. Gall Bladder
c. Small Intestine
- If the raw food cost for tuna salad is $1.00, the selling price, with a 40% raw food cost objective (expected), would be:
a. $2.50
b. $8.90
c. $3.30
d. $5.00
a. $2.50
When finding the selling price:
Cost of item (raw food cost)/ food cost % (expected)=$1.00/40%=$2.50
The combination of monoamine-oxidase and tryramine-containing foods may cause dangerous increases in a patient’s:
a. Blood sugars
b. Blood Pressure
c. Oxidative Stress
d. Hormones
b. Blood Pressure
Tyramine: causes elevated blood pressure. Foods containing tyramine: beer, aged cheeses, avocados and soy.
People taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI’s) must follow a low-tyramine diet.
Based on the exchange list, how many grams of carbohydrates is in the following meal plan?
Milk: 3. Meat: 5. Bread: 9. Fruit: 4. Vegetable: 3. Fat: 4
a. 234g
b. 898g
c. 123g
d. 246g
d. 246g
Milk: 3 x 12=36 CHO Meat: 5 x 0 =0 CHO Bread: 9 x 15=135 CHO Fruit: 4 x 15=60 CHO Vegetable: 3 x 5=15 CHO Fat: 4 x 0=0 Total: 246g CHO
An elderly nursing home patient with a low albumin level would be at risk for:
a. anemia
b. osteoporosis
c. Osteoarthritis
d. Skin breakdown
d. Skin breakdown
Skin breakdown. Patient’s >70 years of age with a low albumin can get decubitus ulcer (pressure ulcer). That’s why nurses need to turn elderly patients over in their beds regularly.
A 2 oz portion of refried beans is used in a veggie burrito. How many #10 cans should be ordered if making 235 burritos and each can weighs 5 lbs?
a. 4 cans
b. 5 cans
c. 7 cans
d. 6 cans
d. 6 cans
Step 1: 2 oz portion/burrito x 235 burritos= 470 oz needed total.
Step 2: Convert 470 oz/16=29.4=30 lbs
Step 3: 30 lbs/5lbs/can= 6 cans total
OR: Method 2: 5 lbs=80 oz. Therefore 470/80=5.8=6 cans
OR: Method 3: 40 portions=1 can (16/2=8. 8x5lbs=40). 235/40=6 cans
Following chemotherapy, patients with mucositis should avoid:
a. milk
b. sodium
c. acid foods
d. alkaline foods
c. acid foods
Biochemical Lab Data: What lab value responds to both PEM and Iron Status?
a. Albumin
b. Pre-albumin
c. TLC
d. Transferrin
d. Transferrin
Transferin transports iron and indicates protein status and PEM
A 4 oz serving of soy cheese is used in one omelet. How many 5 lb blocks of cheese do you need to make 400 omelets?
a. 20 lb 5 lb soy cheese blocks
b. 40 lb 5 lb soy cheese blocks
c. 50 lb 5 lb soy cheese blocks
d. 45 lb 5 lb soy cheese blocks
a. 20 lb 5 lb soy cheese blocks
Method one. 4 oz/serving x 400 omelet’s=1600/80 oz total needed.
Method two: Ask yourself, how many omelets will it take to use just 1 5 lb block of cheese? Answer=80oz.
Therefore, it takes 20 omelets to use up 1 5 lb block (80 oz). So now if you know how many omelets it takes to use up one 1 5 lb block, how many will 400 omelets use up?
400/20=20 5 lb cheese blocks.
What % of an adults body is water?
a. 90%
b. 60%
c. 30%
d. 20%
b. 60%
Which of the following factors will likely have the most significant effect in increasing LDL’s?
a. Lipo fat intake
b. High Saturated fat intake
c. Obesity
d. Low mono-unsaturated fat intake
b. High Saturated fat intake
A patient has an HIV-related gastrointestinal tract infection. To manage diarrhea, the RD/DTR would recommend which of the following types of diet modifications?
a. Low fat, low fiber, no caffeine, lactose-free
b. High-Fat, High Fiber, increased fluid
c. Low carb diet
d. High Carb diet
a. Low fat, low fiber, no caffeine, lactose-free
Direct observation is used to generate an estimate of the patients food intake:
a. Calorie count
b. Food Diary
c. Food Frequency Questionnaire
d. Food reference
a. Calorie count
The nutritional result of adding baking soda to cooking cabbage is that?
a. More B12 is induced
b. Less Zinc is induced
c. Vitamin C is destroyed
d. Vitamin C is added
c. Vitamin C is destroyed
Elderly people require a diet of higher nutrient density than younger individuals. Why?
a. protein needs are higher
b. their kcalorie needs are lower
c. their fluid needs are higher
d. vitamins are lower
b. their kcalorie needs are lower
Which of the following entrees would be most appropriate in a Jewish assisted-living facility?
a. cheeseburger with fries
b. stuffed pork chop with potato
c. chicken cordon blue
d. cheese omelet with bagel
d. cheese omelet with bagel
- You have purchased 35 lbs of fresh green beans with a 23% waste. How many 4 oz portions will be prepared?
a. 204-4oz portions
b. 107- 4oz portions
c. 387-4 oz portions
d. 235- 4 oz portions
b. 107- 4oz portions
Remember, there not asking you what you need. They’re asking you what you will end up with.
It’s asking for edible portion.
1. Determine yield (100-23%=77% yield)
2. Multiply 35 lbs (AP) by 77%=26.95
3. 26.95 x 16 oz/lb=431.2 oz
4. 431.2/4oz=107.4 oz portions
OR another way to calculate to get to step 2: 35x23%=8.05. 35-8.05=26.95=27
- Which type of flour is best used when preparing muffins?
a. Bread flour
b. Cake flour
c. All-purpose flour
d. Pastry flour
c. All-purpose flour
All purpose flour is the optimal structure for quick bread products such as muffins. The gluten found in all-purpose flour is less strong and elastic compared to bread flours.
Bread flour: higher in protein (more elastic)
Pastry flour: lower in protein but used for cookies and other pastries
Cake flour: low in protein and used for baked goods
Beri Beri is caused by a lack of
a. Niacin
b. Thiamin
c. riboflavin
d. vitamin K
b. Thiamin
Which lab value provides the best indication for long-term control with a diabetic diet?
a. glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) b. albumin c. glucose d. TLC
a. glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C)
Used to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over a prolonged period of time. The closer the diabetic can keep their A1c to 6% the better. The Normal Ranges: 6%= average glucose of 135 mg/dl. 9%= average glucose of 240 mg/dl.
The RD is preparing to counsel a pregnant woman. The most important objective to enable her to improve her nutrient intake, which would be:
a. Understand functions of essential nutrients
b. Plan a 3 day menu using MyPyramid
c. Follow a weight reduction diet
d. Tell her to eat more nuts
b. Plan a 3 day menu using MyPyramid
A patient who is following a Low NA diet should avoid:
a. canned fruit
b. fresh fruit
c. tomato based products
d. milk
c. tomato based products
how much sodium is in 1 tsp?
Whats the Recommended Range per day of sodium?
1 tsp= 2325 mg or roughly 2000 mg
Recommended range: 1500-2400 mg/d
What are the classic signs of a newly diagnosed insulin dependent diabetic?
a. weight loss, fainting
b. thrist, hunger, frequent urination
c. weight gain, thurst, disorientation
d. sweating, tachycardia, insulin shock
d. sweating, tachycardia, insulin shock
- The moving average method is used to smooth the randomness of the data. The dietitian averages the data from April, May, June, and July to determine the # of soy burgers needed for August. To find # of soy patties for Sept:
a. Add data from Aug and delete data from April
b. Delete data from April only
c. Delete August and June only
d. Add a leap year
a. Add data from Aug and delete data from April
“out with the old and in with the new”.
Which one of the dietary components cannot be used to synthesize and store energy?
a. Lactose
b. Animal fats
c. Wheat starch
d. Plant Protein
d. Plant Protein
Fat does not contain carbohydrates. Glycogen=carbohydrate. Fat has no glycogen.
Approximately how many calories are in the following meal?
1/3 C grape juice. Two 4 inch Pancakes. 1 Tbsp butter. 1 Cup 2% milk
a. 458kcal
b. 440kcal
c. 125kcal
d. 389kcal
b. 440kcal
1/3 C grape juice= 60kcal (1/3C=60kcal) Two 4 in pancakes=160kcal (1 4 in=80 kcal) 1 Tbsp of butter= 135kcal (1 tsp=45kcal) 1 C of 2% milk= 120 (120kcal) Total: approximately 475 kcal
A healthy man who’s weight is 154# and is within the standard weight for height on the chart. What his is recommended protein input?
a. 67g
b. 56g
c. 24g
d. 91g
b. 56g
154#/2.2=70kg. 70 x 0.8=56g protein needed daily.
Calculate % IBW: Current weight: 139#. IBW: 120#
a. 86%
b. 116%
c. 1.16%
d. .086%
b. 116%
%IBW= Actual/IBW x 100= 139/20=1.18 x 100=116%. Since his actual weight is more than his ideal weight, it has to be over 100%. This is typical.
What is the price value of this section of inventory? Cornstarch 24/lb $10.08 2lb Crackers 1/300 $13.50 ½ Case Flour, plain 50-lb bag $6.80 5lb
a. $8.15
b. $8.27
c. $7.37
d. $3.47
b. $8.27
Figure values of what’s left of remaining inventory:
Cornstarch: $10.08/24 lbs= .42 x 2lbs= .84
Flour: $6.80/50 lbs= .135 x 5 lbs= 0.68
Crackers: $13.50/300 crackers= .045 x 150 crackers=6.75
Add them up: 6.75 + .84+ .68=$8.27.
Patient has Hypertension and takes a diuretic. The RD/DTR should evaluate intake of:
a. Potassium
b. Magnesium
c. sodium
d. Vitamin B12
a. Potassium
Potassium regulates water content and blood pressure
An elderly patient has a stage II decubitis pressure ulcer on her buttock. She should increase intake of:
a. Margarine, butter and vegetable oils
b. Broccoli, green beans, and spinach
c. Milk, beef, fish, poultry
d. Beer and cookies
c. Milk, beef, fish, poultry
Pressure ulcer, also known as bed sores or decubiti. Eating foods high in protein- such as cheese, peanut butter, chicken, beef and fish.
Low albumin levels indicate pressure ulcers, and that means overhydration, therefore protein is needed.
How to calculate the nutrient content of IV solutions: Suppose a person is receiving 1500ml of 50% dextrose and 1500ml of 7% AA solution. For dextrose, the person would get (in calories, NOT grams):
a. 2783kcal
b. 3783kcal
c. 2970kcal
d. 5686kcal
c. 2970kcal
You need to set-up a proportion. And within the proportion you need this Formula: % # divided by 100. Then line up the units d/ml=d/ml. Remember, the % of grams always/100ml.
Dextrose: 50g dextrose/100ml=x grams dextrose/1500ml=750g dextrose. Or simply, 1500 x 0.7=105g AA.
Total Kcal: Simply multiply by kcal/gram. 750g dextrose x 3.4kcal/g=2550kcal. 105g AA x 4.0kcal/g=420. 2970kcal total
