RBC Shapes and Inclusion

Question 1

Acanthocyte (Shape and Associate Disease)

Answer 1

Irregular alterations in shape, Abetalipoproteinemia
-Advanced liver disease
-Post splenectomy
-myeloproliferative disorders
-thalassemia major
-autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Question 2

Bite Cells

Answer 2

Precipitated or denatured hemoglobin (Heinz body is removed by the spleen), -Hemolytic Anemia
-Unstable hemoglobins
-Chemical poisoning
-G-6PD deficiency

Question 3

Blister Cell (pre-Keratocyte)

Answer 3

Caused by pseudo-vacuole disrupted by fibrin strands -Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

Question 4

Echinocyte (Burr Cells)

Answer 4

Short spiculated red around the cell , -Most common as artifact
-Uremia
-Pyruvate kinase deficiency
-post-transfusion
-liver disease

Question 5

Schistocyte

Answer 5

Fragmented cell with two or more points, -Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
-Heart-valve hemolysis
-Severe burns
-glomerulonephritis

Question 6

Macrocyte

Answer 6

-Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency
-liver disease
-chemotherapy
-chronic infection

Question 7

Microcyte

Answer 7

-Iron deficiency
-Thalassemia
-Lead poisoning

Question 8

Ovalocyte
(Elliptocyte)

Answer 8

Rod shape and parallel, -hereditary elliptocytosis
-Megaloblastic anemia
-Thalassemia
-severe iron deficiency anemia
-sickle cell anemia
-sideroblastic anemia

Question 9

Polychromatic Cell

Answer 9

RBC still containing RNA, -newborns
-after acute blood loss
-recovery of marrow after cytoreduction
(chemotherapy)

Question 10

Sickle Cells (Drepanocyte)

Answer 10

Red Cells deformed by hemoglobin S , -Hemoglobin SS disease
-Hemoglobin SC disease
-Hemoglobin SD disease
-S-beta thalassemia

Question 11

Spherocyte

Answer 11

From membrane loss, -hereditary spherocytosis
-immune hemolytic anemias
-thermal injury
-microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

Question 12

Somatotype

Answer 12

Found in Acidic ph, exposure to cationic detergents, drug; increase in intercellular sodium and water cause the cell to swell
-hereditary stomatocyte
-cardiovascular disease
-artifact caused by slow drying smears
-obstructive liver disease

Question 13

Target (Codocyte)

Answer 13

Increase membrane ,
-iron deficiency anemia
-thalassemia
-hemoglobinopathies
-post-splenectomy
-liver disease
-artifact of slow drying or excessive EDTA

Question 14

Teardrop

Answer 14

Abnormal spleen or bone marrow when RBC exits the basement membrane
-myelofibrosis
-pernicious anemia
-anemia of renal disease
-artifact (tails in same direction)
-thalassemia
-hemolytic anemia

Question 15

Reticulocyte

Answer 15

Precipitated RNA from supervital stain, new RBC that matured in the bone marrow.
-newborns
-after acute blood loss
-bone marrow stress (hemolytic anemia)
-recovery of marrow after cytoreduction
(chemotherapy)

Question 16

Basophilic Stripling

Answer 16

Evenly distributed RNA granules,
-Lead poisoning
-Thalassemia
-Refractory anemia
-Sideroblastic anemia
-megaloblastic anemia
-Sickle cell anemia
-Artifact of slow drying

Question 17

Heinz body

Answer 17

Denatured hemoglobin attached to the membrane seen with super vital stain,
-unstable hemoglobins
-chemical poisoning
-oxidant drugs
-G-6PD deficiency
-Hemolytic anemia

Question 19

Howell-Jolly Body

Answer 19

Small round objects of DNA from abnormal cell division, -
Hyposplenism
-asplenism
-severe hemolytic anemia
-megaloblastic anemia
-leukemia

Question 20

Pappenheimer Bodies

Answer 20

Small Irregular , basophilic iron, autophagosome is created and iron is failed to consume
-sideroblastic anemia
-thalassemia
-megaloblastic anemia
-hemolytic anemia
-post-splenectomy states
-congenital dyserythropoietic anemias