RBC

Question 1

Two groups of phospholipid

Answer 1

Choline phospholipid and aminophospholipid

Question 2

choline phospholipid is composed of

Answer 2

phosphatidyl choline and sphygomyelin

Question 3

aminophospholipid is composed of

Answer 3

phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine

Question 4

factors produce resting biconcave

Answer 4

-elastic force
-hydrostatic pressure
-electric force
-surface tension

Question 5

alteration of blood lipid concentration

Answer 5

spur cell anemia

Question 6

PBS show abundant sharp speculated red cells

Answer 6

zieve syndrome

Question 7

rbc show multiple and blunted projection in association with low blood cholesterol

Answer 7

abetalipoproteinemia

Question 8

acquired disorder wherein diarrhea is seen Ecoli 0157

Answer 8

HUS (hemolytic uremic syndrome)

Question 9

bleeding HELLP

Answer 9

DIC (Disseminated intravascular coagulation)

Question 10

distinguished by pentad of hemolytic anemia with abc fragmentation

Answer 10

TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura)

Question 11

deficiency of metalloproteinase as ADAMTS13

Answer 11

TTP

Question 12

obstruction of microvasculature to the flow of erythrocytes

Answer 12

MAHA

Question 13

patient with Mediterranean heritage

Answer 13

thalassemias

Question 14

sickle cell anemia is also called

Answer 14

meniscocytosis or depranocytic anemia

Question 15

test to differentiate Hb S from Hb D

Answer 15

ferrohemoglobin solubility test

Question 16

second most common glycolytic disorder that produce hemolysis

Answer 16

glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency

Question 17

4th common enzyme deficiency leading to hemolysis

Answer 17

pyrimidine -5- nucleotidase deficiency

Question 18

test to distinguished G6PD A from B

Answer 18

Electrophoretic mobility

Question 19

inefficient splicing of RNA to mRNA

Answer 19

thalassemia

Question 20

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Answer 20

• increased iron demands
• insufficient intake, inadequate
  absorption
• chronic blood loss
• abnormal intrinsic iron metabolism

Question 21

• lead interfere with the breakdown
  of RNA by inhibiting the enzyme
  pyramidine 5’ nucleotidase, causing
  the accumulation of denatured RNA

Answer 21

lead poisoning

Question 22

• hepcidin increases during
  inflammation, and inhibits the
  release of iron (blocks ferroportin)

Answer 22

Anemia of chronic
inflammation

Question 23

• impaired response of marrow to
  anemia
• shortened red cell survival

Answer 23

Anemia of chronic
inflammation

Question 24

• iron remains around mitochondria
  waiting for porphyrin

Answer 24

Sideroblastic Anemia

Question 25

- defective enzymes (for porphyrin):

Answer 25

ALA synthase, heme synthase, ferrochelatase

Question 26

failure in the production of RBCs, WBCs and platelets

Answer 26

Aplastic Anemia

Question 27

- reduced red blood cell life span - decreased iron transfer from the reticuloendothelial storage sites to the bone marrow

Answer 27

Chronic Liver Disease

Question 28

- vit. B12: necessary for the maturation of cells - deficiency due to: diseased gut, gastric or ileal abnormality, bacterial overgrowth

Answer 28

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Question 29

folate (aka

Answer 29

PGA - pteroylglutamic

Question 30

folate deficiency - pomotes methylation of ___ necessary for DNA synthesis

Answer 30

deoxyridylate to form deoxythymidilate

Question 31

lack of castle intrinsic factor which is needed for the normal absorption of vitamin B12 - autoimmune disease in the intestine (attacks intrinsic factor), impairs absorption of vitamin B12

Answer 31

Pernicious Anemia

Question 32

immature blood cells in the bone marrow do not mature or become healthy blood cells

Answer 32

Myelodysplasia

Question 33

a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that is distinguished by erythroblastic proliferation

Answer 33

Erythroleukemia

Question 34

- defect in vertical binding of structural protein (spectrin) of the red blood cell membrane

Answer 34

Hereditary Spherocytosis

Question 35

- fragile self association of spectrin to spectrin - it has normal central pallor

Answer 35

Hereditary Elliptocytosis

Question 36

- heterogenous group of disorders caused by molecular abnormalities in membrane

Answer 36

Hereditary Elliptocytosis

Question 37

alteration of spectrin and red cell electrolytes causing the cell to swell

Answer 37

Hereditary Stomatocytosis/ Hydrocytosis

Question 38

RBC lacks Rh group

Answer 38

Hereditary Stomatocytosis/ Hydrocytosis

Question 39

- increased degradation and phosphorylation of membrane proteins along with increased RBC sphingomyelin

Answer 39

Acanthocytosis

Question 40

defective spectrin function - RBC shows budding and fragmentation

Answer 40

Hereditary Pyropoikilocytosis

Question 41

- somatic mutation - PIG (phosphatidylinolsitol glycan)-A gene

Answer 41

PNH/ Marchia-fava-Michell syndrome

Question 42

- imbalance in the membrane phospholipid content of RBC due to the presence of infection and stress

Answer 42

High Phosphatidyl Choline Hemolytic Anemia

Question 43

occurs when our immune system mistakenly identify our RBCs as foreign substances and attacks them

Answer 43

Autoimmune HA

Question 44

occurs when our immune system produces antibodies against foreign antigens that coat our RBCs due to blood transfusion or contact

Answer 44

Alloimmune HA

Question 45

associated with exposure to cold temperature in the presence of a cold hemolysis known as Donath-Landsteiner

Answer 45

Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria

Question 46

disorder of the small vessels resulting in partial obstruction of the microvasculature to the flow of erythrocytes - intravascular deposition of fibrin strands on endothelial surface

Answer 46

Microcytic Angiopathic Hemolytic Anemia

Question 47

- due to mechanical trauma caused by prosthetic cardiac valves. High blood flow around the prosthetic causes red blood cells to fragment leading to intravascular hemolysis. Any damaged cells that do not hemolyze in circulation are removed by the spleen via extravascular hemolysis

Answer 47

Macrocytic Angiopathic Hemolytic Anemia

Question 48

- failure in the production of the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, the term known as Pancytopenia - problem in the cell lineage (stem cells: damaged, depleted and inhibited)

Answer 48

Aplastic Anemia

Question 49

- bone marrow infiltration with fibrotic, granulomatous, or neoplastic cells

Answer 49

Myelophthisic Anemia

Question 50

infection is known to induce aplastic crisis in patients with hemolytic anemia, wherein there is cessation of red blood cell production

Answer 50

- human parvovirus B19 (B19 virus)

Question 51

- a functional anemia of iron-restricted erythropoiesis related to diseases such as infections, cancer, and end-organ failure

Answer 51

Anemia of chronic inflammation

Question 52

differentiating falcon from other cause of aplasia

Answer 52

chromosomal analysis using diepoxybutane

Question 53

anemia cause by space occupying disorders

Answer 53

myelopthisic anemia or myelopathic anemia

Question 54

anemia of liver disease have a normal

Answer 54

wbc count, serum vit b12, folate level

Question 55

anemias of nuclear development

Answer 55

congenital dyserythropoietic anemia

Question 56

also known as congenital hemolytic anemia

Answer 56

hereditary spherocytosis

Question 57

pneumococcal vaccine is recommended

Answer 57

hereditary spherocytosis

Question 58

also known as hereditary stomatocytosis

Answer 58

hereditary hydrocytosis

Question 59

occurs primary in blacks

Answer 59

hereditary pyropoikilocytosis