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HEMA (JUANILLO) > RBC > Flashcards

RBC Flashcards

1
Q

Two groups of phospholipid

A

Choline phospholipid and aminophospholipid

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2
Q

choline phospholipid is composed of

A

phosphatidyl choline and sphygomyelin

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3
Q

aminophospholipid is composed of

A

phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine

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4
Q

factors produce resting biconcave

A

-elastic force
-hydrostatic pressure
-electric force
-surface tension

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5
Q

alteration of blood lipid concentration

A

spur cell anemia

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6
Q

PBS show abundant sharp speculated red cells

A

zieve syndrome

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7
Q

rbc show multiple and blunted projection in association with low blood cholesterol

A

abetalipoproteinemia

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8
Q

acquired disorder wherein diarrhea is seen Ecoli 0157

A

HUS (hemolytic uremic syndrome)

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9
Q

bleeding HELLP

A

DIC (Disseminated intravascular coagulation)

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10
Q

distinguished by pentad of hemolytic anemia with abc fragmentation

A

TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura)

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11
Q

deficiency of metalloproteinase as ADAMTS13

A

TTP

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12
Q

obstruction of microvasculature to the flow of erythrocytes

A

MAHA

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13
Q

patient with Mediterranean heritage

A

thalassemias

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14
Q

sickle cell anemia is also called

A

meniscocytosis or depranocytic anemia

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15
Q

test to differentiate Hb S from Hb D

A

ferrohemoglobin solubility test

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16
Q

second most common glycolytic disorder that produce hemolysis

A

glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency

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17
Q

4th common enzyme deficiency leading to hemolysis

A

pyrimidine -5- nucleotidase deficiency

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18
Q

test to distinguished G6PD A from B

A

Electrophoretic mobility

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19
Q

inefficient splicing of RNA to mRNA

A

thalassemia

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20
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia

A
  • increased iron demands
  • insufficient intake, inadequate
    absorption
  • chronic blood loss
  • abnormal intrinsic iron metabolism
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21
Q
  • lead interfere with the breakdown
    of RNA by inhibiting the enzyme
    pyramidine 5’ nucleotidase, causing
    the accumulation of denatured RNA
A

lead poisoning

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22
Q
  • hepcidin increases during
    inflammation, and inhibits the
    release of iron (blocks ferroportin)
A

Anemia of chronic
inflammation

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23
Q
  • impaired response of marrow to
    anemia
  • shortened red cell survival
A

Anemia of chronic
inflammation

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24
Q
  • iron remains around mitochondria
    waiting for porphyrin
A

Sideroblastic Anemia

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25
Q
  • defective enzymes (for porphyrin):
A

ALA synthase, heme synthase,
ferrochelatase

26
Q

failure in the production of RBCs,
WBCs and platelets

A

Aplastic Anemia

27
Q
  • reduced red blood cell life span
  • decreased iron transfer from the
    reticuloendothelial storage sites to
    the bone marrow
A

Chronic Liver Disease

28
Q
  • vit. B12: necessary for the
    maturation of cells
  • deficiency due to: diseased gut,
    gastric or ileal abnormality, bacterial
    overgrowth
A

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

29
Q

folate (aka

A

PGA - pteroylglutamic

30
Q

folate deficiency - pomotes methylation of
___ necessary for DNA
synthesis

A

deoxyridylate to form
deoxythymidilate

31
Q

lack of castle intrinsic factor which
is needed for the normal absorption
of vitamin B12
- autoimmune disease in the
intestine (attacks intrinsic factor),
impairs absorption of vitamin B12

A

Pernicious Anemia

32
Q

immature blood cells in the bone
marrow do not mature or become
healthy blood cells

A

Myelodysplasia

33
Q

a subtype of acute myeloid
leukemia (AML) that is distinguished
by erythroblastic proliferation

A

Erythroleukemia

34
Q
  • defect in vertical binding of
    structural protein (spectrin) of
    the red blood cell membrane
A

Hereditary
Spherocytosis

35
Q
  • fragile self association of
    spectrin to spectrin
  • it has normal central pallor
A

Hereditary
Elliptocytosis

36
Q
  • heterogenous group of
    disorders caused by molecular
    abnormalities in membrane
A

Hereditary
Elliptocytosis

37
Q

alteration of spectrin and red
cell electrolytes causing the
cell to swell

A

Hereditary
Stomatocytosis/
Hydrocytosis

38
Q

RBC lacks Rh group

A

Hereditary
Stomatocytosis/
Hydrocytosis

39
Q
  • increased degradation and
    phosphorylation of membrane
    proteins along with increased
    RBC sphingomyelin
A

Acanthocytosis

40
Q

defective spectrin function
- RBC shows budding and
fragmentation

A

Hereditary
Pyropoikilocytosis

41
Q
  • somatic mutation - PIG
    (phosphatidylinolsitol
    glycan)-A gene
A

PNH/
Marchia-fava-Michell
syndrome

42
Q
  • imbalance in the membrane
    phospholipid content of RBC
    due to the presence of
    infection and stress
A

High Phosphatidyl
Choline Hemolytic
Anemia

43
Q

occurs when our immune
system mistakenly identify our
RBCs as foreign substances
and attacks them

A

Autoimmune HA

44
Q

occurs when our immune
system produces antibodies
against foreign antigens that
coat our RBCs due to blood
transfusion or contact

A

Alloimmune HA

45
Q

associated with exposure to
cold temperature in the
presence of a cold hemolysis
known as
Donath-Landsteiner

A

Paroxysmal Cold
Hemoglobinuria

46
Q

disorder of the small vessels
resulting in partial obstruction
of the microvasculature to the
flow of erythrocytes
- intravascular deposition of
fibrin strands on endothelial
surface

A

Microcytic Angiopathic
Hemolytic Anemia

47
Q
  • due to mechanical trauma
    caused by prosthetic cardiac
    valves. High blood flow
    around the prosthetic causes
    red blood cells to fragment
    leading to intravascular
    hemolysis. Any damaged cells
    that do not hemolyze in
    circulation are removed by the
    spleen via extravascular
    hemolysis
A

Macrocytic Angiopathic
Hemolytic Anemia

48
Q
  • failure in the production of
    the red blood cells, white
    blood cells and platelets, the
    term known as Pancytopenia
  • problem in the cell lineage
    (stem cells: damaged,
    depleted and inhibited)
A

Aplastic Anemia

49
Q
  • bone marrow infiltration with
    fibrotic, granulomatous, or
    neoplastic cells
A

Myelophthisic Anemia

50
Q

infection is known to
induce aplastic crisis in
patients with hemolytic
anemia, wherein there is
cessation of red blood cell
production

A
  • human parvovirus B19 (B19
    virus)
51
Q
  • a functional anemia of
    iron-restricted erythropoiesis
    related to diseases such as
    infections, cancer, and
    end-organ failure
A

Anemia of chronic
inflammation

52
Q

differentiating falcon from other cause of aplasia

A

chromosomal analysis using diepoxybutane

53
Q

anemia cause by space occupying disorders

A

myelopthisic anemia or myelopathic anemia

54
Q

anemia of liver disease have a normal

A

wbc count, serum vit b12, folate level

55
Q

anemias of nuclear development

A

congenital dyserythropoietic anemia

56
Q

also known as congenital hemolytic
anemia

A

hereditary spherocytosis

57
Q

pneumococcal vaccine is recommended

A

hereditary spherocytosis

58
Q

also known as hereditary stomatocytosis

A

hereditary hydrocytosis

59
Q

occurs primary in blacks

A

hereditary pyropoikilocytosis

60
Q
A

HEMA (JUANILLO) (3 decks)

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