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Science-Grade 10 > Rays > Flashcards

Rays Flashcards

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1
Q

Light is…

A

A straight line

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2
Q

A luminous object such as a candle

A

radiates light in all directions

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3
Q

A luminous object such as a flashlight

A

radiates light in ONE directions

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4
Q

What is a light ray

A

A line and arrow representing the direction and straight-line path of light.

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5
Q

What does a ray diagram show?

A

A ray diagram shows the path of a light ray when it hits an object

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6
Q

What is Rectilinear propagation

A

a light that travels in a straight line

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7
Q

What is an electromagnetic spectrum?

A

A diagram that shows the range(spectrum) of electromagnetic waves in order of wavelength or frequency.

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8
Q

Which colour has the longest wavelength of visible light

A

Red

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9
Q

Which colour has the shortest wavelength

A

Violet

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10
Q

Order of colours

A

ROYGBIV

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11
Q

As wavelength increases…

A

energy decreases

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12
Q

As wavelength decreases

A

energy increases

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13
Q

Light can be…

A

Luminous and non-luminos

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14
Q

What does luminous mean?

A

it gives off its own light

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15
Q

what does non-luminous mean?

A

it does not give off its own light, it gives off reflected light

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16
Q

What does Incandescence mean? and give an example

A

Light is emitted because of the high temperature of the object. An example is Incandescent lightbulbs.

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17
Q

how is electrical energy created?

A

The electrical energy generates the heat that excites the atoms

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18
Q

What does phosphorescence mean? and give an example

A

Light energy is stored and later released as visible light. An example is Glow-in-the-dark items

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19
Q

what does Fluorescence mean?

A

Light (often or not always UV) is absorbed and then immediately re-emitted, usually at some other wavelength, or colour.

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20
Q

What does chemiluminescence mean?

A

Light is produced by a chemical reaction without a rise in temperature.

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21
Q

What does Bioluminescence mean? and give an example

A

a light that is produced and emitted by a living organism as a result of a chemical reaction in the organism. An example is fireflies

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22
Q

What is reflection

A

The change in direction of a light ray when it bounces off a surface.

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23
Q

What is medium?

A

The substance through which light travels

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24
Q

what is a ray?

A

A straight line with an arrowhead that shows the direction in which light waves are travelling.

25
Q

What is a specular reflection

A

A reflection of off a smooth surface like a mirror or calm body of water.

26
Q

What is diffuse reflection

A

A reflection off of a rough surface such as clothing, paper and asphalt. Rough surfaces consist of a large number of different specularly-reflecting planes.

27
Q

How do we identify ray diagrams and mirrors

A

Using four characteristics which is LOST

28
Q

Classify LOST

A

Location: closer than, farther than or the same distance as the object from the mirror.
Orientation: upright or inverted.
Size: same size, larger than, or smaller than the object
Type: real image or virtual image. Real images are in front of the mirror, virtual images are behind the mirror.

29
Q

What is Fermat’s principle/ law

A

light follows the path that will take the least time.

30
Q

What is an incident ray?

A

A ray of light that travels from a light source towards a surface

31
Q

What is the angle of incidence

A

The angle between the incident ray and the normal in a ray diagram.

32
Q

what is the normal

A

A line that is perpendicular to a surface where a ray of light meets the surface.

33
Q

What is reflected ray

A

A ray that begins at the point where the incident ray and the normal meet.

34
Q

what is the angle of reflection?

A

The angle between the reflected ray and the normal in ray diagram.

35
Q

What is dispersion?

A

the process of seperating colours by refraction

36
Q

What is n in n=c/v

A

the substance or index of refraction

37
Q

what is c in n=c/v

A

c is the speed of light in vacume which is 3.00x10^8m/s

38
Q

what is v in n=v/v

A

v is the speed of light in medium

39
Q

What is the index of refraction

A

the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a given medium

40
Q

What is refraction?

A

refraction is a property of light in which the speed of light and its direction of travel changes as it goes from one medium into another

41
Q

When light travels from a medium which its speed is higher( like air) into a medium in which its speed is lower(such as water) the refracted light ray bends

A

Toward the normal

42
Q

When light travels from a medium in which its speed is lower (such as water)into a medium in which its speed is higher (such as air)the refracted light ray bends…

A

Away from the normal

43
Q

What is wavefront

A

the crests or high points of the wave

44
Q

What is apparent depth?

A

light rays are refracted away from the normal

you see a virtual image of the object that looks closer than it actually is

45
Q

If DI is negative then…

A

the image is behind the mirror it would be virtual

46
Q

if HI is negative then…

A

the image is inverted or downright relative to the object.

47
Q

State magnification formula

A

m=hi/ho=-di/do

48
Q

In the convex mirror, the image is always…

A

virtual, upright and smaller

49
Q

what is twice the distance from the mirror to the focal point?

A

Centre of curvature

50
Q

what is an image that cannot be projected onto a screen

A

virtual

51
Q

Light going from a light source towards a surface

A

incident ray

52
Q

Something on the EM spectrum with relatively low energy

A

radio waves

53
Q

Light energy is stored and then later released as visible light

A

phosphorescence

54
Q

what is a rainbow

A

An arc of colours of the visible spectrum appearing opposite the sun, caused by reflection, refraction and the dispersion of the sun’s rays as they pass through raindrops.

55
Q

What are sundogs

A

🡪occur when ice crystals in the atmosphere refract sunlight
🡪often occur on cold, clear sunny mornings
(in the presence of cirrus clouds 🡪
found at high altitudes & made up of ice crystals)
🡪occur when the sun is low, near the horizon

56
Q

What are mirages

A

An optical effect caused by the bending of light rays passing through layers of air that have extremely different temperatures.An optical effect caused by the bending of light rays passing through layers of air that have extremely different temperatures.

57
Q

What is a critical angle

A

The angle of incidences that produce an angle of refraction of 90 degrees

58
Q

What is total internal reflection

A

the phenomenon in which incident rays is not refracted but is entirely reflected back from the boundary, it occurs when light travels from a medium in which its speed is lower to a medium in which its speed is higher.

59
Q

What does the law of reflection indicate

A

the law of reflection indicne that the angle of incidence is the same angle of reflection

Science-Grade 10 (4 decks)

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