Raw Data Flashcards

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1
Q

What does this symbol mean

A

Less than

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2
Q

What does this symbol mean <

A

Much less than

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3
Q

What does this symbol mean _

A

Less than or equal to

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4
Q

What does this symbol mean >

A

More than

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5
Q

What does this symbol mean&raquo_space;

A

Much greater than

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6
Q

What does this symbol mean _>

A

Greater than or equal to

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7
Q

What does this symbol mean /=

A

Not equal to

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8
Q

What does this symbol mean ~

A

Approximately

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9
Q

Define primary data

A

When you collect data first hand

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10
Q

Define secondary data

A

When you use someone else’s data

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11
Q

Define quantitive data

A

Numbers and data

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12
Q

Define qualitative data

A

The text that tells you the context behind the data

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13
Q

Level of data: define nominal data

A

When you collect data in categories

e.g. How many students got A’s B’s and C’s in a test

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14
Q

Level of data: define ordinal data

A

When data is put into order or using a rating scale

e.g. 1st, 2nd 3rd

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15
Q

Level of data: define interval data

A

When you collect numbers for scores that cannot have a true zero
e.g. Percentage score on a psychology test

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16
Q

Level of data: define ratio

A

Same as interval but has a true zero

e.g. Temperature in degrees Celsius

17
Q

Measures of central tendency: Define measures of central tendency

A

Tells you the average, or where the middle of the data set is

18
Q

Level of data: define the mean

A

Mathematic average- all scores are added up and divided by n

19
Q

Level of data: define the median

A

Middle number- put values in order smallest–> largest. Find middle (or go in between the two middle points)

20
Q

Level of data: define the mode

A

Most common number in a data set

21
Q

Measures of dispersion: define Measures of dispersion

A

Statistics that tell you how far apart your data is spread

22
Q

Measures of dispersion: define the range

A

Difference between the highest and lowest score + 1

23
Q

Measures of dispersion: define the standard deviation

A

Tell us how close each data point is to the mean

24
Q

Measures of dispersion: define the varience

A

The square of the standard deviation

25
Q

Inferential statistics: define normal distribution curve

A

On a frequency distribution graph the curve is bell-shaped and exactly symmetrical. This is because the mean, median and mode are all equal

26
Q

Inferential statistics: Define skewed distribution curve

A

A curve that isn’t symmetrical and usually leans one way or the other

27
Q

Inferential statistics: define probability

A

The likelihood that our results were obtained by chance and not from a genuine effect of the Independent variable

28
Q

Inferential statistics: define observed and critical value

A

Observed= calculated by your statistical test by your data

Critical= value found in a critical values table that your observed value has to reach in order to be significant

29
Q

Inferential statistics: define the level of significance

A

The level of chance we will accept in the results

e.g. We may conclude that results are significant even if there is a 5% chance they happened by chance/coincidence

30
Q

Inferential statistics: define type 1 error

A

When we reject the null hypothesis but really our results were just coincidence- if we make a type 1 error we have used too lenient a significance level

Could be coincidence

31
Q

Inferential statistics: define type 2 error

A

When we accept the null hypothesis but actually there is a real effect - if we make a type 2 error we have used too strict a significance level

A real effect