Rates Of Reaction

Question 1

Rate of reaction

Answer 1

The change in the amount (or of the concentration) of reactant (or product) per unit time

Question 2

Catalysis

Answer 2

The process of changing the rate of a chemical reaction by the action of a catalyst.

Question 3

Catalyst

Answer 3

A substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction but which is not used up during the reaction, and which is chemically unchanged at the end of it.

Question 4

Activation Energy

Answer 4

The minimum amount of energy which colliding molecules must have before they can react together

Question 5

What is Instantaneous Rate

Answer 5

The rate at a particular point in time during the reaction.

Question 6

What is Average Rate

Answer 6

Total time for reaction to go to completion

Question 7

In order for a reaction to take

Answer 7

Particles must collide if a reaction is to

Question 8

Factors that Effect the Rate of

a Reaction

Answer 8

Concentration

Area

Temperature

Nature of reactants

Question 9

Covalent compounds are

Answer 9

Slow Reactions,Bonds are broken before new ones are

formed

Question 10

Ionic compounds are

Answer 10

Fast Reactions, Oppositely charged ions come together

Question 11

Surface Area relation to rates of reaction

Answer 11

The greater the surface area, the faster the reaction.

Question 12

Temperature in relations to rates of reaction

Answer 12

Hotter the temperature- the more energy the particles
have

The higher the temperature, the shorter
the reaction time.

Question 13

Concentration in relation to rates of reaction

Answer 13

Increasing concentration, increases the rate

of a reaction.

Question 14

Types of Catalysis

Answer 14

Homogenous

Heterogeneous

Autocatalysis

Question 15

Homogenous Catalysis

Answer 15

Both reactants and catalyst are in the same phase (same physical state)

There is no boundary between the reactants and the catalyst

Question 16

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Answer 16

Reactants and catalyst are in different physical states

There is a boundary between the reactants and the catalyst

Question 17

Autocatalysis

Answer 17

Autocatalysis is where one of the products of a reaction catalyses the reaction.

Question 18

Intermediate Formation Theory - Homogeneous

Catalysis Mechanism

Answer 18

General Formula:

W + X 🡪 Y + Z

Question 19

Surface Adsorption Theory - Heterogeneous

Catalysis Mechanism

Answer 19

Adsorption - Reactants attaches/bonds to the surface of the catalyst

Reaction - reactants react to form products

Desorption - products leave the surface of the catalyst

Question 20

Catalytic converter

Answer 20

converts environmentally harmful gases into harmless gases.

Question 21

Advantages of Catalytic Converters

Answer 21

Decrease in carbon monoxide emissions

Decrease in nitrogen oxide emissions

Decrease in smog and acid rain

Increase in air quality

Question 22

collision theory

Answer 22

For a reaction to occur, the particles must collide, they must collide with the appropriate orientation, and they must collide with sufficient energy.An effective collision is one that results in the formation of products

Question 23

Activation energy-

Answer 23

minimum energy which colliding particles must have for a reaction to occur.

Question 24

Bond breaking is?

Answer 24

endothermic (need to put in heat to break)

Question 25

Bond making is?

Answer 25

exothermic (heat is released when formed)

Question 26

In an exothermic reaction-

Answer 26

more energy is released when bonds are made than energy taken in to break bonds so the overall energy value is negative

Question 27

In an endothermic reaction-

Answer 27

more energy is taken in to break bonds than is released when new bonds are made therefore the overall energy value is positive.

Question 28

conditions for dust explosion’s

Answer 28

source of ignition, dryness, combustible dust