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chemistry > Acid and Bases > Flashcards

Acid and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a solution

A

a perfect mixture of solute and solvent that is homogeneous

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2
Q

define concentration

A

it refers to the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given volume of solution

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3
Q

define molarity

A

it refers to the number of moles of solute per litre of solution

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4
Q

what is a Arrhenius acid

A

its a substance that dissociates in water to produce H+ ions (protons)

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5
Q

what is a Arrhenius base

A

its a substance that dissociates in water to produce OH- ions (hydroxide ion)

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6
Q

what are the limitations of Arrhenius acid

A

limited to reactions taking place in water

H+ ions doesn’t exist in water on its own

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7
Q

what are the limitations of Arrhenius base

A

limited to reactions taking place in water

substances such as NH3 would not be classified as substances

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8
Q

What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

A

proton donor

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9
Q

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base?

A

proton acceptor

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10
Q

what is neutralization

A

is formed when a acid donates a proton

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11
Q

What is a conjugate acid?

A

is formed when a acid donates a proton

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12
Q

What is a conjugate base?

A

is formed when a acid donates a proton

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13
Q

what is primary standard

A

donates 1 H+ ex-hydrochloric acid

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14
Q

what is a monobasic (substance/acid/base)

A

donates 1 H+ ex-hydrochloric acid

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15
Q

what is a dibasic (substance/acid/base)

A

donates 2 H+ ex-sulfuric acid

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16
Q

whatis a tribasic (substance/acid/base)

A

donates 3 H+ ex-phosphoric acid

17
Q

What is a strong acid?

A

An acid that dissociates fully into ions in an aqueous solution

18
Q

What is a weak acid?

A

An acid that only slightly dissociates into ions in an aqueous solution

19
Q

what are the advantages of Bronsted-lowry’s acid/base

A
  • doesn’t just deal with water, also deals with acid/base reactions
  • shows how substances can be amphoteric
  • shows the hydronium ion is formed when an acid reacts with water
20
Q

what is a conjugate acid pair

A

it is when there are two substances which differ by an H+ or a proton

21
Q

what is a amphoteric substance

A

it is a substance that can behave as a acid or base depending on what it reacts with ex-H2O

22
Q

Self ionisation of water

A

H20->H++OH-

H-2O+H2O->H3O+ +OH

The concentration of H+ ions and OH-ions ae extremely small

23
Q

name 3 ways of measuring pH

A

Universal indicator paper

pH meter

Universal indicator solution

24
Q

what are the limitations of the pH scale

A

ranges from 0-14(theoretically there are values outside of this range)

doesn’t work on highly concentrated solutions

chemistry (12 decks)

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