Electronic Structure Flashcards
define energy level
is the fixed energy value that an electron in a atom may have
define ground level
lowest energy state (1sr orbital)
Define excited state
higher energy state that ground state
define and explain energy sub levels
it is a subdivision of a main energy level and consists of one or more orbitals of the same energy
state Heisenberg uncertainty principle
it is impossible to know both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time
define and explain atomic radius
it is defined as half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element that are joined together by a single covelant bond
Define and explain first ionization energy
it is the minimum energy required to completely remove the most loosely bound electron from one mole of neutral gaseous atom in the ground state.
What is the Aufbau principle?
electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first
State Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity
when 2 or more orbitals of equal energy are available, the electrons occupy them singly first before filling them in pairs
State Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity
no more that 2 electrons can occupy an orbital and they must have opposite spins
SP configuration
1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10, 4p6
define the shape of S orbitals
they are spherical
What is a quantum?
the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom
describe the shape of p orbitals
they are dumbbell shaped
what are hydrogen discharge bulbs
glass tube filled with hydrogen gas and electric current passing through
