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Chemistry - Y10 + Y11 > Rates of Reaction > Flashcards

Rates of Reaction Flashcards

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1
Q

Steep stope means?

A

Fast reaction

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2
Q

Mean rate of reaction formula

A

quantity of product formed / time taken

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3
Q

What is collision theory?

A

chemical reactions can only take place when the reacting particles collide with each other. collisions must have sufficient energy

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4
Q

RP 5 Rates of reaction

RP 5 Disappearing cross reaction, effect of conc

A
  1. Measuring cylinder to put 10cm3 of sodium thiosulfate solution to conical flask
  2. Place conical flask onto printed black cross
  3. Add 10cm3 HCL to conical flask
  4. Swirl solution and start stopwatch
  5. Look down through top of flask
  6. Solution will turn cloudy and wont see the cross
  7. Repeat with low conc sodium thiosulfate solution
  8. Repeat whole and calc mean values for each conc of sodium thiosulfate solution
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5
Q

rp 5 disappearing cross

sodium thiosulfate solution + Hcl

A

sulfure (solid) - makes solution go cloudy (causes turbidity)

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6
Q

What is reproducibility

A
  • Can be repeated by antoher using a diff technique or equipment
  • Same result
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7
Q

Prob with disappearing cross experiment

A
  • diff ppl have diff eyesights = some ppl can see cross for longer = diff results
  • HOWEVER, cross is same size so prob not too great
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8
Q

RP 5

How to measure vol of a gas produced by a reaction

A
  1. Use measuring cylinder to place 50cm3 HCl into conical flask
  2. Attach conical flask to bung and delivery tube
  3. Place delivery tube into container filled with water
  4. upturned measuring cyclidner filled with water over delivery tube
  5. Add 3cm strip of MG to HCL and start stopwatch
  6. Hydrogen gas produced and thats trapped in MC
  7. Every 10s, measure vol of H gas until reaction over
  8. Repeat with diff conc of HCL
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9
Q

rp 5 measure gas

magnesium + hcl

A

hydrogen + magnesium chloride

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10
Q

Greater conc means?

A

faster reaction

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11
Q

larger surface area means?

A

faster reaction

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12
Q

What causes a reaction to become faster?

A
  • larger sa
  • higher conc of a chemical
  • higher temp
  • catalyst
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13
Q

What does cotton wool on a conical flask do?

A
  • allows carbon dioxide to escape
  • prevents acid from splashing out of flask
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14
Q

Activation energy

A

min aount of energy that particles must have in order to react collide successfully

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15
Q

Why does increasing temp increase rate of reaction?

A
  • increase energy of particles
  • move faster
  • increases freq of collisions
  • each collision has more energy
  • can overcome avtivation energy needed
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16
Q

Catalyst

A

increase rate of chemical reactions but arent used up during reaction

17
Q

why are catalysts important?

A
  • allows us to carry out reactions quickly without needing to increase temp
  • saves money
  • resuable
18
Q

how do catalysts work

A
  • provides a diff pathway for reaction that has a lower activation energy
19
Q

What is produced when you heat hydrated copper sulfate (blue)? What type of reaction is it? What type of reaction is the reversible reaction?

A
  • anhydrous copper sulfate (white) + water
  • ENDOTHERMIC
  • If you add water to anhydrous copper sulfate, reaction reverses, energy released, hot, EXOTHERMIC
20
Q

What is equilibrium?

A

forward and reverse reactions will take place at the same rate in a sealed container

21
Q

Le Chateliers Princple

A

If a system is at equilibrium, and a change is made to the conditions, then the system reponds to counteract the change

22
Q

Where does equilibrium only happen in?

A

in a closed system

23
Q

Where does equilibrium lie when the conc of the products are higher?

A

To the right

24
Q

exothermic
endothermic
arrows

A

exo = right
endo = left

25
Q

What happens to the temp of a system during an exothermic reaction?

A

increases

26
Q

What does the pressure of a gas depend on?

A

the number of molcules

27
Q

What happens if you increase pressure on a reversible reaction at equilibrium

A

position of equilibrium shifts to the side with small number of molecules

28
Q

What happens if you decrease pressure on a reversible reaction at equilibrium

A

position of equilibrium shifts to the side with larger number of molecules

29
Q

What 3 things can cause the equilibrium to change?

A

Temp, pressure and concentration

30
Q

Chateliers = If you decrease the temperature which reaction would increase?

A

exothermic (right)

31
Q

Chateliers = If you increase the temperature which reaction would increase?

A

Endothermic (left)

32
Q

Chataliers: If you increase conc of products, which reaction will increase?

A

backwards reaction will increase

33
Q

Chataliers: If you increase conc of reactants, which reaction will increase?

A

forwards reaction

Chemistry - Y10 + Y11 (9 decks)

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