Rates of Reaction Flashcards
What does “aq” mean?
It means aqueous. Aqueous solution or (aq) means the given substance is dissolved in water.
What does “s” mean?
It means solid. It means it is in a solid state.
What does “l” mean?
The (l) sign means the substance is a liquid.
What does “g” mean?
The (g) sign means the substance is a gas.
What is the collision theory?
Collision theory:
For a chemical reaction to happen:
. reactant particles must collide with each other
. the particles must have enough energy for them to react
What is activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy that colliding particles must have for them to react.
What happens when you increase concentration or pressure?
. the reactant particle becomes more crowded
. the frequency of collisions between reactant particles increases
. the rate of reaction increases
What is a successful collission?
A collision between reactant particles that has enough energy for a reaction to happen.
Equation for rate of reaction:
Rate of Reaction = change in mass or volume of product/
change in time
If the temperature of the reaction mixture is increased:
. reactant particles move more quickly
. the energy of the particles increases
. the frequency of successful collisions between reactant particles increases
. the proportion of collisions which are successful increases
. the rate of reaction increases
If the surface area to volume ratio of a reacting solid is increased:
. more reactant particles are exposed at the surface
. the frequency of collisions between reactant particles increases
. the rate of reaction increases
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance that:
. increases the rate of a reaction
. does not alter the products of the reaction
. is not chemically changed or used up at the end of the reaction
. Lowers the activation energy.
What is an exothermic reaction?
Reactions that release heat/energy. The graph for it starts from top to bottom (reactant ——> product)
What is an endothermic reaction?
Reactions that absorb heat/energy. The graph for it starts from bottom to top (reactant —–> products).
