Bonding Flashcards
What is a molecule?
A molecule is a substance made when 2 or more atoms form from a covalent bond. The atoms can be the same such as O2, or different like CO2.
What is a covalent bond?
A bond between atoms formed when atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of electrons.
In a dot and cross diagram, what does each dot represent?
It represents an electron.
What is an allotrope?
Allotropes are different forms of the same element, where the atoms combine in different ways, so at the same temperature and pressure, they can exist in different forms.
What is a simple covalent molecule?
Simple Covalent Molecules are small molecules in which atoms are held together by covalent bonds.
What is a giant covalent structure?
A giant covalent structure is a structure in which very large numbers of atoms are joined together by covalent bonds in a regular network.
Do simple covalent molecules have high or low melting and boiling points?
They have low melting and boiling points due to the weak intermolecular forces that require little energy to overcome. The covalent bonds are not broken however.
Do giant covalent molecules have high or low melting and boiling points?
They have very high melting and boiling points because it takes a lot of energy to break the strong covalent bonds.
What is the structure of diamond?
Giant covalent
What is the electrical conductivity of diamond?
It is an Insulator
How many covalent bonds do each carbon atoms form in diamond?
They form 4 bonds
What is the structure of graphite?
Giant covalent
What is the electrical conductivity of graphite?
It is a Conductor
How many covalent bonds do each carbon atoms form in graphite?
They form 3 covalent bonds.
What is the structure of graphene?
Giant covalent
What is the electrical conductivity of graphene?
It is a Conductor
How many covalent bonds do each carbon atom form in graphene?
They form 3 covalent bonds
What is the structure of fullerenes(buckminsterfullerene)?
Simple covalent molecular
What is the electrical conductivity of fullerenes (buckminsterfullerene)?
It is an Insulator
How many covalent bonds do each carbon atom form in fullerenes (buckminsterfullerene)?
They form 3 covalent bonds.
How strong is diamond?
Very hard and strong
How strong is graphite?
Soft and brittle
How strong is fullerenes (buckminsterfullerene)?
Soft and brittle
How strong is graphene?
Very strong
What is an alloy?
An alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, at least one which is a metal
How are the particles bonded together in metals?
Attractive forces between atoms and delocalised electrons
Why can metals be bent and shaped?
Metals can be bent and shaped because their atoms are arranged in layers which slide over each other.
