Rates of Reaction Flashcards
Rate of reaction equation
Amount of reactant used up or amount of product formed ÷ Time
Name some collision theory factors
Temperature - Hot more energy
Concentration - higher collide more often
Surface Area
Rate of reaction practical
- Add hydrochloric acid to sodium thiosulfate
- Time until cloudy, x underneath
Rate of reaction practical
- Add hydrochloric acid to sodium thiosulfate
- Time until cloudy, x underneath
Define Catalysts
Substances that speed up chemical reactions without being used up.
Provides a lower activation energy
Define Reversible Reaction
A chemical reaction in which the products re-form the original reactants, as many times as they want
What is a closed system
A system in which no matter is allowed to enter or leave
Define Alkanes
Single bond hydrocarbon
CnH2n+2
Define Alkenes
Double Bonded Hydrocarbons
CnH2n
What are the first 4 Alkanes
- Methane
- Ethane
- Propane
- Butane
What are the first 4 Alkenes
- Methane
- Ethene
- Propane
- Brutane
What is cracking hydrocarbons
Longer hydrocarbons can be broken into shorter useful hydrocarbons
Define Addition reaction
A reaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule
What reacts with bromine water
Alkenes react with bromine water turning it from orange to colourless
Define Fermentation
Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
25 to 50 degrees
What is the Alcohol Functional Group?
Hydroxyl (OH)
What is carboxylic acid?
Carboxyl COOH
dissolves in water to form acidic solutions
Define Amino Acids
Two function groups
- Amine group NH2
- Carboxyl group, COOH
What are Thermosetting Polymers
Keep their shape once set
What is Chromatography?
A process which separates the parts of a solution with special paper and a solvent.
stationary phase, doesn’t move
mobile phase does move
Rf Value Equation
Rf = distance compound moved / distance water moved
Define incomplete combustion
Limited supply of oxygen
- Produces carbon monoxide + water
- Produces carbon + water
Define Complete Combustion
Non limited supply of oxygen
- Produces carbon dioxide and water
