Rapid Review

Question 1

Nontender abdominal mass associated with elevated VMA and HVA

Answer 1

Neuroblastoma

Question 2

Most common type of TEF

Answer 2

Esophageal atresia with distal TEF (85%). Unable to pass NG tube.

Question 3

Not contraindications to vaccination

Answer 3

Mild illness and/or low grade fever, current ABx therapy and prematurity

Question 4

Tests to rule out shaken baby syndrome

Answer 4

Ophthalmologic exam, CT, and MRI

Question 5

A neonate has meconium ileus

Answer 5

Cystic fibrosis (Hirschsprung’s disease is associated with failure to pass meconium for 48h)

Question 6

Bilious emesis within hours after the first feeding

Answer 6

Duodenal atresia

Question 7

A 2 month old baby presents with nonbilious projectile emesis. Diagnosis? What are the appropriate steps in management?

Answer 7

Pyloric stenosis.

Correct metabolic abnormalities; then correct pyloric stenosis with pyloromyotomy

Question 8

The most common primary immunodeficiency

Answer 8

Selective IgA deficiency

Question 9

An infant has a high fever and onset of rash as fever breaks. What is he at risk for?

Answer 9

Febrile seizures (due to roseola infantum)

Question 10

Boy has chronic respiratory infections. Nitroblue tetrazolium test is neg. What immunodef?

Answer 10

Chronic granulomatous disease

Question 11

Child has eczema, thrombocytopenia, and high levels of IgA. What immunodef?

Answer 11

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

Question 12

4 month old boy has life-threatening pseudomonas infection. What immunodef?

Answer 12

Bruton’s X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Question 13

Acute phase treatment for Kawasaki Disease

Answer 13

High Dose ASA for inflammation and fever

IVIG to prevent coronary artery aneurysms

Question 14

Treatment for mild and severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 14

Phototherapy (mild) or exchange transfusion (severe)

Do not use phototherapy for conjugated hyperbili

Question 15

Sudden onset of mental status changes, emesis, and liver dysfunction after ASA intake

Answer 15

Reye’s syndrome

Question 16

Child has loss of red light reflex (white pupil). Diagnosis? The child has an increased risk of what?

Answer 16

Suspect retinoblastoma. Osteosarcoma.

Question 17

Vaccinations at a 6 month well-child visit

Answer 17

1) HBV
2) DTaP
3) Hib (H flu B)
4) IPV (inactivated polio vaccine)
5) PCV (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine)
6) Rotavirus

Question 18

Tanner stage 3 in a 6 year old girl

Answer 18

Precocious puberty

Question 19

Infection of small airways with epidemics in winter and spring

Answer 19

RSV bronchiolitis

Question 20

Cause of neonatal RDS

Answer 20

Surfactant deficiency

Question 21

A condition associated with red currant-jelly stools, colicky abdominal pain, bilious vomiting, and a sausage-shaped mass in RUQ

Answer 21

Intussusception

Question 22

A congenital heart disease that causes secondary HTN. What would you find on physical exam?

Answer 22

Coarctation of aorta

Reduced femoral pulses

Question 23

First line treatment for otitis media

Answer 23

Amoxicillin for 10d

Question 24

Most common pathogen causing croup

Answer 24

parainfluenza type 1

Question 25

Homeless child is small for his age and has peeling skin and a swollen belly

Answer 25

Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition)

Question 26

Defect in an X-linked syndrome with mental retardation, gout, self-mutilation, and choreoathetosis

Answer 26

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (purine salvage problem with HGPRTase deficiency)

Question 27

Newborn girl has a continuous machinery murmur. What drug do you give?

Answer 27

PDA - Indomethacin is given to close the PDA

Question 28

Newborn with a posterior neck mass and swelling of the hands

Answer 28

Turner’s syndrome