Rapid Review 1

Question 1

abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly

Answer 1

Budd-Chiari Syndrome

Question 2

achilles tendon xanthoma

Answer 2

familial hypercholesterolemia

Question 3

adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC

Answer 3

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome (meningococcemia)

Question 4

arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints

Answer 4

Marfan’s Syndrome

Question 5

athlete with polycythemia

Answer 5

EPO injections

Question 6

back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss

Answer 6

Pott’s Disease

Question 7

blue sclera

Answer 7

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 8

bluish line on gingiva

Answer 8

Burton’s line (lead poisoning)

Question 9

bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis

Answer 9

Paget’s Disease

Question 10

bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing

Answer 10

aortic regurgitation

Question 11

butterfly facial rash and Raynaud’s phenomenon in young female

Answer 11

SLE

Question 12

cafe-au-lait spots, Lisch nodules (iris hamartoma), pheo, optic gliomas, scoliosis

Answer 12

NF1

Question 13

cafe-au-lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities

Answer 13

McCune-Albright Syndrome

Question 14

calf pseudohypertrophy

Answer 14

muscular dystrophy

Question 15

cherry-red spot on macula

Answer 15

Tay-Sachs, Niemann-Pick, central retinal artery occlusion

Question 16

chest pain on exertion

Answer 16

angina

Question 17

chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI

Answer 17

Dressler’s Syndrome

Question 18

child uses arms to stand up from squat

Answer 18

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 19

child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body

Answer 19

Fifth Disease caused by parvovirus B19

Question 20

chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration

Answer 20

Huntington’s Disease

Question 21

chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria

Answer 21

McArdle’s Disease

Question 22

cold intolerance

Answer 22

hypothyroidism

Question 23

conjugate lateral gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia

Answer 23

internuclear ophthalmoplegia

Question 24

continuous machinery heart murmur

Answer 24

PDA

Question 25

cutaneous/dermal edema due to connective tissue deposition

Answer 25

myxedema (pretibial in Graves)

Question 26

dark purple skin/mouth nodules

Answer 26

Kaposi's Sarcoma (HHV-8)

Question 27

deep, labored breathing/hyperventilation

Answer 27

Kussmaul breathing (diabetic ketoacidosis)

Question 28

dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea

Answer 28

pellagra (niacin deficiency)

Question 29

dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, alcoholism

Answer 29

wet beriberi (thiamine deficiency)

Question 30

dog or cat bite resulting in infection

Answer 30

Pasteurella multocida

Question 31

dysphagia (esophageal webs), glossitis, iron deficiency anemia

Answer 31

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

Question 32

elastic skin, hypermobility of joints

Answer 32

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Question 33

enlarged, hard left supraclavicular node

Answer 33

Virchow's node (abdominal mets)

Question 34

erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells

Answer 34

Sezary syndrome/cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/mycosis fungoides

Question 35

facial muscle spasm upon tapping

Answer 35

Chvostek's Sign

Question 36

fat, female, forty, fertile

Answer 36

cholelithiasis

Question 37

fever, chills, headache, myalgia, following antibiotic for syphilis

Answer 37

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction

Question 38

fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash

Answer 38

Measles

Question 39

fever, night sweats, weight loss

Answer 39

lymphoma

Question 40

fibrous plaques in soft tissue of penis

Answer 40

Peyronie's Disease

Question 41

gout, mental retardation, self-mutilating behavior in a boy

Answer 41

Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome

Question 42

green-yellow rings around peripheral cornea

Answer 42

Kayser-Fleischer Rings (Wilson's Disease)

Question 43

hamartomatous GI polyps, hyperpigmentation of mouth, feet, hands

Answer 43

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome - benign polyposis can cause bowel obstruction, increased GI cancer risk

Question 44

hepatosplenomegaly, osteoporosis, neurologic symptoms

Answer 44

Gaucher's disease

Question 45

hereditary nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss, cataracts

Answer 45

Alport Syndrome

Question 46

hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility

Answer 46

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome (bilateral amygdala lesion)

Question 47

hyperreflexia, hypertonia, Babinksi +

Answer 47

UMN lesion

Question 48

hyporeflexia, hypotonia, atrophy, fasciculations

Answer 48

LMN lesion

Question 49

hypoxemia, polycythemia, hypercapnia

Answer 49

blue bloater of chronic bronchitis

Question 50

indurated, painful, ulcerated with exudate genital lesion

Answer 50

H. ducreyi

Question 51

indurated, ulcerated genital lesion

Answer 51

primary syphilis

Question 52

infant with cleft lip/palate, microcephaly or holoprosencephaly, polydactyly, cutis aplasia

Answer 52

Patau's Syndrome (trisomy 13)