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Immunology > Rapid Fire Facts > Flashcards

Rapid Fire Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Px presents with Anti-endomysal antibodies.

What pathology is at hand?

A

Celiac disease

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2
Q

Px presents with Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies.

What pathology is at hand?

A

Hashimoto thyroiditis

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3
Q

Px presents with Anti-smooth muscle antibodies.

What pathology is at hand?

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

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4
Q

What complement proteins are most likely deficient in a patient with recurrent Neisseria infections?

A

Membrane attack complex complements (deficiency in any of the following):
-C5, C6, C7, C8, C9

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5
Q

What type of infection is a patient with IL-12 deficiency at most risk for?

A

Mycobacterial infections

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6
Q

What receptors are found on the surface of dendritic cells?

A

MHC Class I
MHC Class II
B7 protein (CD80, CD86)
CD40

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7
Q

Where does B7 protein bind to on Th cells?

A

CD28

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8
Q

What surface receptors are expressed by NK cells?

A

CD16, CD56

Can release perforin and granzyme
—> Fas ligand/receptor interaction —> induces apoptosis

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9
Q

What surface receptors are expressed by B cells?

A

CD19, CD20, CD21, CD40
MHCII, B7 protein
IgM, IgD

And CD40 that is used with CD40L from T cells to activate B cells

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10
Q

What are the markers expressed by T cells?

A

CD3, TCR, CD28,

CD8

Or CD4 - CXCR4/CCR5
CD40L

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11
Q

What surface receptors are found on macrophages?

A

CD14, CD40,
MHC I and MHC II, B7 protein, CCR5
Fc and C3b receptors

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12
Q

What IgX is released as a primary immune response? What is secreted after?

A

IgM, the later it’s IgG

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13
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for Eosinophilia?

A

DNAAACP
Drugs (NSAIDs, penicillins/cephalosporins) (stains pink on kidney biopsy)
Neoplasm
Allergies, asthma (Churg-Strauss), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s Disease)
Acute interstitial nephritis
Collagen vascular disease (PAN, Dermatomyositis)
Parasites - strongyloides, Ascaris, Löeffler eosinophilic pneumonitis, (HIV, hyper IgE Sd., coccidiodomycosis, hypereosinophilic syndrome, etc)

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14
Q

What does IL-4 vs IL-5 produce?

A

IL-4 stimulates IgG and IgE production and IL-5 stimulates switching to IgA in addition to help differentiation of Eosinophils

IL-4 —> IgE
IL-5 —> Eosinophils

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15
Q

Complement deficiencies in C1-C4 cause what?

A

Increased risk of severe recurrent pyogenic sinus and respiratory tract infections. Increased risk of SLE.

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16
Q

Complement deficiencies in C5-C9 cause what?

A

Increased susceptibility to recurrent neisseria bacteremia.

17
Q

This deficiency causes angioedema due to unregulated activation of Kallikrein —> increasing bradykinin. Characterized by low C4 levels. ACE inhibitors are contraindicated. What is the regulatory protein deficiency?

A

C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency

18
Q

A defect in PIGA gene preventing the formation of anchors for complement inhibitors, such as decay-acceleration factor (DAF/CD55) and membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL/CD59). Causes complement-mediated lysis of RBCs. What is the regulation protein deficiency?

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

19
Q

What are the most important components for opsonization?

A

C3B and IgG

20
Q

What compliment is responsible for neutrophil chemotaxis?

A

C5a

21
Q

Patient suffers from recurrent neisseria infections. What compliment proteins are they lacking?

A

Any from C5-C9

22
Q

Where are Payers Patches located?

A

In the ileum —> specifically between the lamina propia and the submucosa of the ileum.

23
Q

What is the MOA of NK cells?

A

Induce apoptosis in cells that don’t have MHC I. Activity enhanced by IL-12, IL-2, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta

24
Q

Patient presents with cells that are lacking surface markers CD55 and CD59. What is the disease at hand, and what happens to these cells?
What is the diagnostic test?

A

Complement attacks them and lyses red blood cells.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Flow cytometry or Ham’s Test (RBC places in lower pH and they lyse)

25
Q

A child presents with partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy, and recurrent infections. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

26
Q

Patient presents with antimitchondrial antibodies. What is the suspected pathology?

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

27
Q

Patient presents with antiplatelet antibodies. What is the suspected pathology?

A

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)

28
Q

Newborn Patient presents with chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, and chronic Candida. What is the suspected pathology?

A

SCID

29
Q

What pathology is being described:

Neutrophils fail to respond to chemotactic stimuli

A

Hyper IgE syndrome (Job syndrome)
OR
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome

30
Q

What pathology is being described:

Adenosine desminase deficiency

A

SCID

31
Q

What pathology is being described:

Failure of endodermal development

A

DiGeorge Syndrome

32
Q

What pathology is being described:

Defective tyrosine kinase gene

A

Bruton agammaglobulina

33
Q

What CSF findings are seen with Guillan-Barré?

A

Normal cell count with increased protein

Immunology (6 decks)

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