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Rapid Review > Rapid Fire Facts > Flashcards

Rapid Fire Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of neural tube defects

A

Low folic acid

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2
Q

Most common preventable cause cong malformation in US

A

Alcohol use during pregnancy

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3
Q

Worst headache of life

A

Berry aneurysm: A.comm or ACA

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4
Q

Lucid interval following head trauma

A

Epidural hematoma

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5
Q

Most common cause of subdural hematoma

A

Shearing of bridging veins: drunk/old people fall

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6
Q

Most common cause epidural hematom

A

Middle meningeal artery: temporal trauma

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7
Q

Blood CSF on LP (or xanthochormatic)

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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8
Q

First line for Absence seizures T

A

Ethosuximide

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9
Q

Treatment for Tonic-Clonic seizures

A

Phenytoin, Valproic acid, Cabamezapine

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10
Q

Drooling farmer

A

Organophosphate poisoning (increased AcH) tx atropine and praladoxime

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11
Q

Amyloid deposits in gray matter of brain

A

Alzeihmers

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12
Q

Medical tx for pheochromocytoma

A

α antagonist

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13
Q

Selective α1 antagonist to tx BPH

A

Tamsulosin

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14
Q

Boot shaped heart

A

Tetrology Falot (infant) or Pulmonary HTN or COPD in adult

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15
Q

Rib notching

A

Coarctation of aorta (also ↑upper BP and ↓lower BP)

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16
Q

Continuous machine like murmur

A

PDA

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17
Q

Most common congenital cardiac anamoly

A

VSD

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18
Q

Most common cause congenital early cyanosis

A

Tetralogy of falot

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19
Q

Bone enlargement, bone pain, arthritis

A

Pagets

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20
Q

Vertebral compression fractures

A

Osteoporosis

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21
Q

+ anterior drawer sign

A

ACL injury

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22
Q

Swollen, hard, painful finger joints

A

Osteoarthritis

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23
Q

Swollen, boggy, painful finger joints

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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24
Q

Cartilage erosion with polished bone beneath

A

Eburnation: seen in osteoarthritis

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25
Q

Swollen, red, acutely painful great toe joint

A

Gout

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26
Q

Positively birefringent rhomboid shaped crystal

A

Psuedogout

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27
Q

Negatively birefringent needle shaped crystals

A

Gout

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28
Q

Bamboo spine on x-ray

A

Ankylosing spondylitis: HLA-B27 Sero.Negative spondyloarthropathies

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29
Q

Anti-smith and anti-dsDNA antibodies

A

SLE

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30
Q

Anti-histone antibodies

A

Drug induced Lups (SHIPP)

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31
Q

Anti-centromere antibodies

A

Scleroderma: CREST

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32
Q

Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

A

Scleroderma: diffuse

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33
Q

Anti-Jo-1 antibodies

A

Polymyosistis, Dermatomyositis

34
Q

Anti-Ro antibodies

A

Sjogrens

35
Q

Arthritis, dry eyes, dry mouth

A

Sjogrens

36
Q

Most common cause death in SLE

A

Lupus nephritis

37
Q

Keritin pearls on biopsy

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

38
Q

Palisading nuclei

A

Basal cell carcinoma

39
Q

Most common malignant carcinoma

A

Basal cell carcinoma

40
Q

Main artery of pelvis

A

Internal iliac artery

41
Q

Main nerve of pelvis

A

Pudenal nerve

42
Q

Bag of worms scrotum

A

Varicocele; dilation of pampiniform plexus

43
Q

Most common cancer in men

A

Prostate cancer

44
Q

Hepatic adenoma

A

OCP

45
Q

“Grape Like” vaginal tumor

A

Sarcoma botryoides

46
Q

Koilocytes

A

HPV infection

47
Q

Most common benign tumor women

A

Leiomyoma

48
Q

Powder burn lesion of ovary

A

Endometriosis

49
Q

Most common cause infertility female

A

PCOS

50
Q

Call-Exner body

A

Granulosa cell tumor

51
Q

hCG elevation tumors

A

Choroicarcinoma or dysgerminoma

52
Q

Ovarian tumor + ascites + hydrothorax

A

Meig (seen in fibroma)

53
Q

Teratoma→ hyperthyroidism

A

Struma ovarii (mature benign teratoma)

54
Q

Most common benign breast tumor

A

Firbroadenoma

55
Q

Most common malignant breast tumor

A

Infiltrating ducatal carcinoma

56
Q

Blue domed cyst in breast

A

Fibrocystic change

57
Q

Treatment of ER + breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

58
Q

Standard tx T. pallidum

A

Penicillin

59
Q

Cellulitis from dog or cat bite

A

Pastrurella Multicoda

60
Q

Non-painful, indurated, ulcerated genital lesion

A

Chancre from Primary syphillus

61
Q

Moist, smooth, flat white genital lesion

A

Condyloma lata from secondary syphillus

62
Q

Associated with reactive arthritis

A

Chlamydia, Capmylobacter, Yersinia, Shigella, Salmonella

63
Q

Eczema, recurrent cold abscesses, high serum IgE

A

Hyper IgE syndrome

64
Q

Large phagosomal vesicles in neutrophils

A

Chedak Higashi

65
Q

Toe extension w/ stimulation sole of foot

A

Positive Babinski

66
Q

Hyperreflexia, increased msl tone, + Babinski

A

Upper motor neuron lesion

67
Q

Hyporreflexia, decreased msl tone, msl atrophy

A

Lower motor neuron lesion

68
Q

Eosinophilic inclusions in cytoplasms neurons

A

Lewy Bodies

69
Q

Conjugate lateral gaze palsy with nystagmus and diplopia during lateral gaze

A

Internulear opthalmaplegia

70
Q

Degernation of dorsal columns

A

Tabes Dorsalis

71
Q

Demyelinating disease in young woman

A

MS

72
Q

Mixed upper and lower motor neuron disease

A

ALS

73
Q

Dysphagia, glossitis, FE deficiency anemia

A

Plummer Vinson

74
Q

Hematemasis with retching

A

Mallory Weiss

75
Q

Specialized columnar epi seen in biopsy from distal esophagus

A

Barrets Esophagitis

76
Q

Biopsy of esophagitis shows enlarged cells with intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions of host chormatin

A

CMV esophagitis

77
Q

GI hamartomas, hyperpigment of mouth and hands

A

Peutz Jeghers

78
Q

Multiple colon polyps, osteomas, soft tissue tumors

A

Gardner syndrome

79
Q

Apple core lesion on barium enema

A

Colorectal cancer

80
Q

Most common sight of colonic diverticula Sigmoid‘String sign” on contrast xray

A

Crohns

Rapid Review (3 decks)

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