Rapid Fire Flashcards
When say ‘Subglottic Hemangioma
You Say PHACES Syndrome
When say ‘PH ACES Syndrome
You say Cutaneous Hemangioma
When say ‘Ropy Appearance
You say Meconium Aspiration
When say ‘Post Term Delivery
You Say Meconium Aspiration
When say ‘Fluid in the Fissures
You say Transient Tachypnea
When say ‘History of c-scction
You say Transient Tachypnea
When say ‘Maternal sedation”,
You say Transient Tachypnea
When say ‘Granular Opacities + Premature
You say RDS
When say ‘Granular Opacities + Term + High Lung Volume
You say Pneumonia
When say “Granular Opacities + Term + Low Lung Volume
You say
Group B-Hemolytic Strep PNA
When say ‘Band Like Opacities
You say Chronic Lung Disease (BPD)- aka bronchopulmonary dysplasia
When say ‘Linear Lucencies
You say Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema
When say ‘Pulmonary Hypoplasia
You say diaphragmatic hernia
When say ‘Lung Cysts and Nodules
You Say LCH or Papillomatosis
When say ‘Lower lobe bronchiectasis
You Say Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
When say ‘Upper lobe bronchiectasis
You Say CF
When say ‘Posterior mediastinal mass (under 2),”
You Say Neuroblastoma
When say ‘No air in the stomach
You say Esophageal Atresia
When say ‘Excessive air in the stomach
You say “H” Type TE fistula
When say ‘Anterior Esophageal Impression
You say pulmonary sling
When say ‘Pulmonary Sling,
You say tracheal stenosis.
When say ‘Single Bubble
You say Gastric (antral or pyloric) atresia
When say ‘Double Bubble
You say duodenal atresia
When say ‘Duodenal Atresia
You say Downs
When say ‘Single Bubble with Distal Gas
You say maybe Mid Gut Volvulus
When say ‘Non-bilious vomiting”,
You say Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
When say ‘Paradoxial aciduria”
You say Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
When say ‘Bilious vomiting - in an infant
You say Mid Gut Volvulus
When say ‘Corkscrew Duodenum
You say Mid Gut Volvulus
When say ‘Reversed SMA and SMV
You say Malrotation
When say ‘Absent Gallbladder
You say biliary atresia
When say ‘Triangle Cord Sign
You say biliary atresia
When say ‘Asplenia
You say “cyanotic heart disease”
When say ‘Infarcted Spleen
You say Sickle Cell
When say ‘Gall Stones
You say Sickle Cell
When say ‘Short Microcolon
You say Colonic Atresia
When say ‘Long Microcolon
You say Meconium ileus or distal ileal atresia
When say ‘Saw tooth colon
You say Hirschsprung
When say ‘Calcified mass in the mid abdomen o f a newborn
you say Meconium Peritonitis
When say ‘Meconium ileus equivalent
you say Distal Intestinal Obstruction Syndrome (CF)
When say ‘Abrupt caliber change o f the aorta below the celiac axis”
You say Hepatic
Hemangioendothelioma,
When 1 say “Cystic mass in the liver o f a newborn,”
you say Mesenchymal Hamartoma
When say Elevated AFP, with mass in the liver o f a newborn
you say Flepatoblastoma
When say Common Bile Duct measures more than 10 mm
You say Choledochal Cyst
When say Lipomatous pseudohypertrophy of the pancreas
You say CF
When say Unilateral Renal Agenesis
You say unicomuate uterus
When say Neonatal Renal Vein Thrombosis
You say maternal diabetes
When say Neonatal Renal Artery Thrombosis
You say Misplaced Umbilical Artery Catheter
When say Flydro on Fetal MRI
You say Posterior Urethral Valve
When say Urachus
You say bladder Adenocarcinoma
When say Nephroblastomatosis with necrosis
you say Wilms
When say Solid Renal Tumor o f Infancy,”
you say Mesoblastic Nephroma
When say Solid Renal Tumor o f Childhood
you say Wilms
When say Midline pelvic mass, in a female
you say Hydrometrocolpos
When say Right sided varicocele
you say abdominal pathology
When say Blue Dot Sign
you say Torsion of the Testicular Appendage
When say Hand or Foot Pain / Swelling in an Infant
You say - sickle cell with hand foot syndrome.
When say ixtratesticular scrotal mass
you say embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
When say Narrowing o f the interpedicular distance
you say Achondroplasia
When say Platyspondyly (flat vertebral bodies),”
you say Thanatophoric
When say Absent Tonsils after 6 months
You say “Immune Deficiency”
When say Enlarged Tonsils well after childhood (like 12-15)”
You say “Cancer” … probably
lymphatic
When say Mystery Liver Abscess in Kid
You say “Chronic Granulomatous Disease”
When say narrowed B Ring
You say Schatzki (Schat”B ”ki Ring)
When say esophageal concentric rings
You say Eosinophilic Esophagitis
When say shaggy” or “plaque like” esophagus
You say Candidiasis
When say looks like Candida, but an asymptomatic old lady
you say Glycogen Acanthosis
When say reticular mucosal pattern
you say Barretts
When say high stricture with an associated hiatal hernia
you say Barretts
When say abrupt shoulders,
you say cancer
When say Killian Dehiscence
you say Zenker Diverticulum
When say transient, fine transverse folds across the esophagus
you say Feline Esophagus.
When say bird’s beak
you say achalasia
When say solitary esophageal ulcer
you say CMV or AIDS
When say ulcers at the level o f the arch or distal esophagus
you say Medication induced
When say Breast Cancer + Bowel Hamartomas
you say Cowdens
When say Desmoid Tumors + Bowel Polyps
you say Gardners
When say Brain Tumors + Bowel Polyps
you say Turcots
When say enlarged left supraclavicular node
you say Virchow Node (GI Cancer)
When say crosses the pylorus
you say Gastric Lymphoma
When say isolated gastric varices
you say splenic vein thrombus
When say multiple gastric ulcers
you say Chronic Aspirin Therapy.
When say multiple duodenal (or jejunal) ulcers
you say Zollinger-Ellsion
When say pancreatitis after Billroth 2,
you say Afferent Loop Syndrome
When say Weight gain years after Roux-en-Y
you say Gastro-Gastro Fistula
When say Clover Leaf Sign - Duodenum
you say healed peptic ulcer.
When say ‘Sand Like Nodules in the Jejunum
you say Whipples
When say Sand Like Nodules in the Jejunum + CD4 <100
you say MAI
When say Ribbon-like bowel
you say graft vs host
When say Ribbon like Jejunum,
you say Long Standing Celiac
When say Moulage Pattern,
you say Celiac (moulage = loss o f jejunal folds)
When say Fold Reversal - of jejunum and ileum
you say Celiac
When say Cavitary (low density) Lymph nodes
you say Celiac
When say hide bound” or “Stack or coins
you say Scleroderma
When say Megaduodenum
you say Scleroderma
When say Duodenal obstruction, with recent weight loss
you say SMA Syndrome
When say Coned shaped cecum
you say Amebiasis
When say Lead Pipe
you say Ulcerative Colitis
When say String Sign
you say Crohns
When say Massive circumferential thickening, without obstruction
you say Lymphoma
When say Multiple small bowel target signs
you say Melanoma
When say Obstructing Old Lady Hernia
you say Femoral Hernia
When say sac of bowel
you say Paraduodenal hernia.
When say scalloped appearance of the liver
you say Pseudomyxoma Peritonei
When say HCC without cirrhosis
you say Hepatitis B (or Fibrolamellar HCC)
When say Capsular retraction
you say Cholangiocarcinoma
When say Periportal hypoechoic infiltration + AIDS
you say Kaposi’s
When say sparing o f the caudate lobe
you say Budd Chiari
When say large T2 bright nodes + Budd Chiari
you say Hyperplastic nodules
When say liver high signal in phase, low signal out phase
you say fatty liver
When say liver low signal in phase, and high signal out phase
you say hemochromatosis
When say multifocal intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary stricture
you say PSC
When say multifocal intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary strictures + papillary stenosis
you say AIDS
Cholangiopathy.
When say bile ducts full of stones
you say Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis
When say Gallbladder Comet Tail Artifact
ou say Adcnomyomatosis
When say lipomatous pseudohypertrophy of the pancreas
you say CF
When say sausage shaped pancreas
you say autoimmune pancreatitis
When say autoimmune pancreatitis
you say IgG4
When say lgG4”
you say RP Fibrosis, Sclerosing Cholangitis, Fibrosing Mediastinitis, Inflammatory Pseudotumor
When say Wide duodenal sweep
you say Pancreatic Cancer
When say Grandmother Pancreatic Cyst”
you say Serous Cystadenoma
When say Mother Pancreatic Cyst
you say Mucinous
When say Daughter Pancreatic Cyst
you say Solid Pseudopapillary
When say bladder stones,”
you say neurogenic bladder
When say pine cone appearance
you say neurogenic bladder
When say urethra cancer
you say squamous cell CA
When say urethra cancer - prostatic portion
you say transitional cell CA
When say urethra cancer - in a diverticulum,”
you say adenocarcinoma
When say long term supra-pubic catheter
you say squamous Bladder CA
When say e-coli infection
you say Malakoplakia
When say vas deferens calcifications
you say diabetes
When I say “calcifications in a fatty renal mass
you say RCC
When 1 say “protrude into the renal pelvis
you say Multilocular cystic nephroma
When I say “no functional renal tissue,”
you say Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
When 1 say “Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
you say contralateral renal issues (50%)
When I say “Emphysematous Pyelonephritis
you say diabetic
When I say “Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis
you say staghom stone
When I say “Papillary Necrosis
you say diabetes
When I say “shrunken calcified kidney,”
you say TB (“putty kidney”)
When 1 say “bilateral medulla nephrocalcinosis
you say Medullary Sponge Kidney
When I say “big bright kidney with decreased renal function
you say HIV
When I say “history of lithotripsy
you say Page Kidney
When I say “cortical rim sign
you say subacute renal infarct
When I say “history of renal biopsy
you say AVF
When 1 say “reversed diastolic flow
you say renal vein thrombosis
When 1 say “sickle cell trait
you say medullary RCC
When 1 say “Young Adult, Renal Mass, + Severe HTN
you say Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor
When 1 say “squamous cell bladder CA
you say Schistosomiasis
When 1 say “entire bladder calcified
you say Schistosomiasis
When 1 say “urachus
you say adenocarcinoma o f the bladder
When I say “long stricture in urethra
you say Gonococcal
When 1 say “short stricture in urethra,”
you say Straddle Injury
When 1 say “Unicomuate Uterus
you say Look at the kidneys
When 1 say “T-Shaped Uterus
you say DES related or Vaginal Clear Cell CA
When I say “Marked enlargement o f the uterus
you say Adenomyosis
When 1 say “Adenomyosis,
you say thickening o f the junctional zone (> 12 mm)
When 1 say “Wolffian duct remnant
you say Gartner Duct Cyst
When I say “Theca Lutein Cysts,”
you say moles and multiple gestations
When I say “Theca Lutein Cysts + Pleural Effusions,”
you say - Hyperstimulation Syndrome (patient on
fertility meds).
When I say “Low level internal echoes
you say Endometrioma
When I say “T2 Shortening,
you say - Endometrioma - “Shading Sign”
When 1 say “Fishnet appearance
you say Hemorrhagic Cyst
When I say “Ovarian Fibroma + Pleural Effusion
you say Meigs Syndrome
When I say “Snow Storm Uterus
you say Complete Mole - 1st Trimester
When I say “Serum (3-hCG levels that rise in the 8 to 10 weeks following evacuation o f molar pregnancy
you say Choriocarcinoma
When I say “midline cystic structure near the back of the bladder o f a man
you say Prostatic Utricle
When 1 say “lateral cystic structure near the back o f the bladder of a man
you say Seminal Vesicle Cyst
When I say “isolated orchitis
you say mumps
When 1 say “onion skin appearance
you say epidermoid cyst
When I say “multiple hypoechoic masses in the testicle
you say lymphoma
When I say “cystic elements and macro-calcifications in the testicle
you say Mixed Germ Cell Tumor
When 1 say “homogenous and microcalcifications
you say seminoma
When 1 say “gynecomastia + testicular tumor
you say Sertoli Leydig
When 1 say “fetal macrosomia,
you say Maternal Diabetes
When I say “one artery adjacent to the bladder,”
you say two vessel cord
Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema (PIE)
put the bad side down
Bronchial Foreign Body
put the lucency side down (if it stays that way, it’s positive)
Papillomatosis has a small (2%) risk o
scc
Pulmonary sling is the only variant that goes
between the esophagus and the trachea. This is associated
with trachea stenosis.
Thymic Rebound
Seen after stress (chemotherapy) - Can be PET-Avid
Lymphoma - Most common mediastinal mass
in child (over 10)
Anterior Mediastinal Mass with Calcification
Either treated lymphoma, or Thymic Lesion (lymphoma
doesn’t calcify unless treated).
Neuroblastoma is the most common
posterior mediastinal mass in child under 2 (primary thoracic does
better than abd)
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
NOT at birth, NOT after 3 months (3 weeks to 3 months )
Criteria for HPS
4 mm and 14 mm (4mm single wall, 14mm length).
Annular Pancreas presents as
duodenal obstruction in children and pancreatitis in adults
Most common cause o f bowel obstruction in child over 4
Appendicitis
ntussusception
3 months to 3 years is ok, earlier or younger think lead point
Gastroschisis is ALWAYS
on the right side
Omphalocele has
associated anomalies (gastroschisis does not).
Physiologic Gut Hernia normal at
6-8 weeks
AFP is elevated with
hepatoblastoma
Endothelial growth factor is elevated with
Hemangioendothelioma
Most Common cause o f pancreatitis in a kid
trauma (seatbelt)
Weigert Meyer Rule
Duplicated ureter on top inserts inferior and medial
Most common tumor o f the fetus or infant
Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
Most common cause o f idiopathic scrotal edema
HSP
Most common cause o f acute scrotal pain age 7-14
Torsion o f Testicular Appendages
Bell Clapper Deformity is the etiology for
testicular torsion
SCFE is a
Salter Harris Type 1
Physiologic Periostitis o f the Newborn doesn’t occur in a newborn
seen around 3 months
Acetabular Angle should be
< 30, and Alpha angle should be more than 60
Most Common benign mucosal lesion o f the esophagus
papilloma
Esophageal Webs have increased risk for
cancer, and Plummer-Vinson Syndrome (anemia T web)
Dysphagia Lusoria is from
compression by a right subclavian artery (most patients with aberrant rights
don’t have symptoms).
Achalasia has an increased risk of
squamous cell cancer (20 years later)
Most common mesenchymal tumor o f the G1 tract
GIST
Most common location for GIST
Stomach
Abscesses are almost exclusively seen in
Crohns (rather than UC)
Nodes + UC
Common in the setting o f active disease
Nodes (larger than 1 cm) + Crohns
Cancer
Diverticulosis + Nodes
Cancer (maybe) -> next step endoscopy
Krukenberg Tumor
Stomach (GI) met to the ovary
Menetrier’s involves
fundus and spares the antrum
The stomach is the most common location for
sarcoid (in the Gl tract)
Gastric Remnants have an increased risk o f cancer years after
Billroth
Most common internal hernia
Left sided paraduodenal
Most common site o f peritoneal carcinomatosis
retrovesical space
An injury to the bare area o f the liver can cause a
retroperitoneal bleed
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis associated with
UC
Extrahepatic ducts are normal with
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Anti-mitochondrial Antibodies
positive with primary biliary cirrhosis
Mirizzi Syndrome
the stone in the cystic duct obstructs the CBD
Mirizzi has a 5x increased risk of
GB cancer
Dorsal pancreatic agenesis
associated with diabetes and polysplenia
Hereditary and Tropical Pancreatitis
early age o f onset, increased risk o f cancer
Felty’s Syndrome
Big Spleen, RA, and Neutropenia
Splenic Artery Aneurysm
- more common in women, and more likely to rupture in pregnant women.
Insulinoma is the most common
islet cell tumor
Gastrinoma is the most common
islet cell tumor with MEN
Ulcerative Colitis has an increased risk o f colon cancer
(if it involves colon past the splenic flexure). UC involving the rectum only does not increase risk o f CA.
Calcifications in a renal CA
are associated with an improved survival
RCC bone mets are “always”
lytic
There is an increased risk o f malignancy with
dialysis
Horseshoe kidneys are more susceptible to
trauma
Most common location for TCC is the
bladder
Second most common location for TCC is the
upper urinary tract
Upper Tract TCC is more commonly
multifocal (12%) - as opposed to bladder (4%)
The cysts in acquired renal cystic disease improve after renal transplant, although the risk o f renal CA in
the native kidney remains elevated.
In fact, the cancers tend to be more aggressive because o f the
immunosuppressive therapy needed to not reject a transplant.
Weigert Meyer Rule
Upper Pole inserts medial and inferior
Ectopic Ureters are associated with
incontinence in women (not men)
Leukoplakia is
pre-malignant
