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CTC Paul > Radiopharm > Flashcards

Radiopharm Flashcards

1
Q

Reducing agent

A

Substance that reduces another substance, by itself being oxidized

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2
Q

Chelating agent

A

a substance who molecules can form several bonds to a single metal ion.

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3
Q

ligand

A

a group ion or molecule coordinated to a central atom or molecule

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4
Q

antioxidant

A

a substance that inhibits ocidation or rxns promoted by oxygen, peroxides, or free radicals

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5
Q

oxidizing agent

A

a substance that gains electrons electrons in a chemical rxn, usually transfers oxygen to a substrate.

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6
Q

Hydrolyzed-Reduced Tc-99m

A

Particulate inpurity taht is insoluble Tc99 dioxide and/or Tc99m tin colloid

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7
Q

Free Tc99m

A

radionuclide that did not bind to the desired ligand.

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8
Q

Moly breakthrough

A

must be less than 0.15 microcuries per mCi of Tc-99m at the time of injection

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9
Q

Aluminum ion breakthrough test

A

litmus test

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10
Q

Ion Chamber

A

xrays, gamma rays, beta particles

argon gas

radiation dose rate in mrems/hour

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11
Q

Geiger Muller

A

contamination

argon gas

all types of radiation

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12
Q

Dose calibrator

A

measures the quantities of millicuries in a dose before giving to patient

argon gas

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13
Q

Wipe counter

A

highly sensitive (for small quantities of contamination.

thallium doped iodide crystal

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14
Q

Constancy

A

daily test for prescision and reproducibility

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15
Q

linearity

A

quarterly? meausres linear radiation at different doses for reliability

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16
Q

accuracy

A

annually

within 10%

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17
Q

Geometry

A

correct readings regardelss of size or geometery (every syringe sizewith diff volumes)

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18
Q

Bone scan

Indications

A

mest, osteo, stress fxs, pagets, altered bone physiology

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19
Q

Bone scan

agents

A 
tc 99m
mdp
hdp
pyp
f18naf
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20
Q

Bone scan

adult dose

A

15-20mci

21
Q

Bone scan

peds dose

A

eanm dosing chart

22
Q

Bone scan

ciritical organ

A

bladder wall and gonads

23
Q

Bone scan

excretion

A

50% renal in 4-6 hours

24
Q

bone scan

drug rxn

A

bisphosphonates decrease uptake

25
Q

F18 naf for bone

A

pet tracer

positron emission

half life 109.7 minutes

energy 633 kev and 511 kev

urinary excretion

10mci dose

26
Q

MPS agents

A 
TI 201 (thallium)
Tc99 sestamibi
Tc99m tetrafosmin
Rb 82 (PET)
N13 ammonia (PET)
27
Q

MPS Thallium

A

1/2 life is 73 hours, biological is 19 days, effective for 48 hours

critical organs are thryroid and testes

can be used for viability as well

28
Q

MPS sestamibi

A

ischemia

hepaobiliary clearance

6 hour half life

upper large intestine is critical organ

29
Q

MPS tetrofosmin (myoview)

A

ischemia and ventricle function

passive lipophilic diffusion

5-33mci

6.03 hour half life

critical organ is gallbladder wall

hepatobiliary excretion

30
Q

MPS rb 82

A

cardiogen 82

decays from strontium 82 wich has a half life of 25 days

half life of 75 seconds

40mci dose (30-60)

kidnes liver speen and lung are critical organs

31
Q

N13 ammonia PET

A

myocardium under rest or pharmacologic stress

10-20mci

physical half ife of 9.96 minutes
bio 2.84 inutes
effective 2.21 minutes

photons 511 kev

32
Q

Adenosine

A

stress agent

endogenous coronary vasodilator

T1/2 4-10 seconds

140mcg/kg/min

CI: av block, sinus node dz, bradycardia, asthma

33
Q

Lexiscan

A

stress agent

low afinity for A2 adenosine receptor produces vasodilation and increased coronary blood flow

3 phase half life with intermediate of 30 minutes

ci are heart block, bradys, sinus node dysfunction

antidote is aminophylline

34
Q

dipyridamole

A

stress agent

coronary vasodilator (increases flow by 4 times)

plasma 1/2 life of 30 minutes

antidote aminophylline

35
Q

Dobutamine

A

stress agent
b1 agonist with increased cardiac output

1/2 life of 2 minutes

hold ccb and beta blockers

ci with cardiomyopahty aortic stneosis, constrictive pericarditis, peumonectomy, mi in last 30 days

antidote is esmolol

36
Q

MUGA

A

evaluation of ventricular function

LVEF = (EDV -ESV)/ (EDV) X100

in vivo (pyp) and in vitro (tc99m) tagging of rbcs

pyp and tc99m

works by blood pool

37
Q

I123 MIBG for cardiac studies

A

indicated for CHF mortality risk

dose is 10ci over 1-2 minutes, pretreat iwth sski

Iobenguane, pools in the adrenals, liver spleen, lungs, heart, salivary glands and neural crest tumors

38
Q

Hepatobiliary scan

A

Tc99m lidofenin, disofenin, mebrofenin

ruq, acut chole, chronic chole, gbef, post chole leak, sod dysfunction

binds to albumin and carried to liver

npo for 4-6 hours but less than 24 hours

4-6 hours after narcotics

use morphine if you visualize the intesting but no gall bladder at 30-60 minutes. after admin if gallbladder is seen then chronic chole if not seen then acute

cck give 30 minutes prior if pt npo for > 24 hours. give during study to calculate GBEF. dont use after morphine

ensure plus 237 ml to ensure ef with no cck

phenobarbital with peds will be uptaken into biliary if just jaundixe wbut no uptake if biliary atresia..

39
Q

disofenin

A

hepatolite

30mg/dl of bili
peak liver in 10 minutes
visualize gb or liver by 60 minutes

40
Q

mebrofenin

A

choletec

hepatic and gb visualized in 10-15 minutes
instestinal activity at 30-60 minutes
contains presesrvatives

41
Q

VQ scan indications

A

PE

COPD

PAH

42
Q

Ventilation

A

Xe 133 or Tc99m DTPA

xe bio half life 30 seconds, physical 1/2 life 5.3 days, beta decay 81 kev, beforeperfusion, lipophilic, 15-25 mci lungs are critical

dtpa must be less than 3 microns, 5-10% of dose in nebulizer is actually delivered, delivered soe is 15mci, half life is 1 hour in the lungs

43
Q

Perfusion

A

Tc99-m MAA

localized by capillary blockade

lung is critical organ

> 150 microns will clog arterioles

<10 microns will pass through the liver

reduce number of particles with right to let shunt, peds, pulm htn, pregnancy, pneumonectomy

44
Q

brain imaging perfusion agents

A 
Tc99m-exametazime (ceretec) HMPAO
Tc99m bicisate (neurolite) ECD

PET: F-18FDG

DATscan (Ioflupane i23
Amyvid (florbetapir f18)

45
Q

Tc99m ECD and HMPAO

A

HMPAO gets cobalt added with it and it becomes table for 5 hours

they are lipid soluble and can cross the bbb

46
Q

F18 FDG brain perfusion

A

fdg glucose pass the BBB

8-12 mci

acetazolamide 250-500mg to produce cerebral venous dilation and increase flow

47
Q

Datscan

A

ioflupane i123

suspected parkinsons vs essential tremor

binds to dopamine transporters in the substantia nigra

3-5 mci with sski

urine elimination

spect 3-6 hours later

halfl ife 13.2

ci with ssrisamphatime, amoxapine, benztropine, bupropion, cocaine, fentanyll, norepi, ritalin

48
Q

amyvid

A

Florbetapir F18

pet imaging to estimate beta amyloid in alzheimer vs of causes of cognitive decline

binds to beta amyloid plaques and produces a positron

10 mci

gb > colon > small intestine > liver for critical organ

biliary elimiination

49
Q

Liver/spleen scan

A

tc99m SC 5mci

goes to kupferr cells in the liver, macrophages in the spleen and the bone marrow

use a filter to get out particles that are too large.

lung upake if collodial clumping

0.1-1 micron diameter

CTC Paul (17 decks)

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