random vocab

Question 1

Symbiosis

Answer 1

interaction between 2 species

Question 2

Mutualism

Answer 2

type of symbiosis were both spices benefit

Question 3

Commensalism

Answer 3

type of symbiosis were no one benifits and no one is hurt

Question 4

Parasitism

Answer 4

Type of symbiosis where one spices benefits by harming another

Question 5

Organization of Life

Answer 5

Hierarchy at levels of increasing complexity
- cellular
- organismal (systems)
- populational (why we live where we do)

Question 6

8 levels of classification (taxonomy)

Answer 6

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 7

Eukaryotic

Answer 7

Contains nucleus (protista, plantae, fungi, amimalia)

Question 8

Prokaryotic

Answer 8

No nucleus (archaea, bacteria)

Question 9

Six Kingdoms of Life (and their domains)

Answer 9

• Archaea (archaea)
• Bacteria (bacteria)
• Protista (eukarya)
• Fungi (eukarya)
• Plantae (eukarya)
• Animalia (eukarya)

Question 10

5 properties of life

Answer 10

All living things share these characteristics
1. cellular organisation
2. metabolism (make energy conversations to run metabolic processes)
3. homeostasis (maintaining a balance)
4. growth and reproduction
5. heredity

Question 11

Theory

Answer 11

• in science represents certainty and a unifying explanation for a brood range of observations
• They are provisional and can be revised/changed/added more detail to based on future data
  (to the general public, term implies a lack of certainty)

Question 12

inductive reasoning

Answer 12

discovering general principals from specific observations (how scientists think)

Question 13

Empirical Data

Answer 13

Data collected from experiments/observation

Question 14

Modeling Data

Answer 14

Expansion of empirical data into hypothetical situations (ex. modeling global rise in temp)
visual rep.

Question 15

Quantitative Data

Answer 15

Numbers (ex. PH of 7, shes 6 ft 3 in)

Question 16

Qualitative Data

Answer 16

Approximates/observations (ex. low humidity today, PH is acidic)

Question 17

Correlation vs. Causation

Answer 17

Correlation (r) how close variable are to each other
Correlation is not necessarily causation (deaths by drowning and Nic Cage)

Question 18

P-value

Answer 18

-Tests the PROBABILITY that what is being observed is due to chance
(where results fall on bell curve)

Question 19

Homologous Features

Answer 19

Found in related organisms where the function may differ but the pattern is the same
ex. mammal arm bones

Question 20

Molecular studies

Answer 20

analyzing DNA structure to find relations
- making plant family tree
- relatively new field

Question 21

Analogous structures

Answer 21

• similar structures in unrelated organisms
• also called convergent structures

Question 22

Mutations

Answer 22

• variations/changes in gene sequence
• genotype = phenotype … usually
• pass acquired characteristics you inherit trait

Question 23

Deletion v Inversion mutation

Answer 23

Deletion - part of a chromosome is deleted
Inversion - part of code flipped when crossing over and now cant be read (it backwards or upside down)

Question 24

Migration (relates to genes)

Answer 24

Gene flow between populations - the transfer of genetic information between one population and another (allele transfer)
- the smaller and more isolated a population is the greater the change

Question 25

Genetic drift

Answer 25

change in allele frequency due to random events (population spin off, death)
- the smaller the new/surviving population the greater the change

Question 26

Founder effect

Answer 26

When a population breaks off/ is isolated, they only can work with the gene that are present in the founding population
- why Pennsylvanian amish have extra fingers/toes

Question 27

Bottle Neck effect

Answer 27

when a small surviving population need to rebuild after a disaster (can reduce genetic variation by a lot)

Question 28

Rate of Evolution

Answer 28

• gradualism (evolution in an accumulation of gradual change)
• punctuated equilibrium (for long periods of time things stay the same they big changes mess everything up)