Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RT30 > random RT30 questions > Flashcards

random RT30 questions Flashcards

1
Q

Removing a patient from a ventilator to ventilate manually can lead to which of the following?

  1. Barotrauma
  2. Lung derecruitment
  3. Increased airway resistance
  4. Ventilator-acquired pneumonia
A

1, 2, 4
Removing a patient from the ventilator for manual ventilation can inadvertently cause barotrauma by using excessive pressure during ventilation (>40 cm H2O). Disconnecting a patient who is being ventilated with a high level of PEEP (15 to 25 cm H2O) can cause derecruitment of the lung. Disconnection of the ventilator can cause contamination of the patient’s airway, increasing the patient’s risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If the patient is in severe distress the initial step in the management of patient-ventilator asynchrony is which of the following?

A

If the patient is in severe distress, the first step is to disconnect the patient from the ventilator and carefully ventilate the patient using a manual resuscitation bag.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

An increased arterial-to-end-tidal partial pressure CO2 gradient can help identify which of the following?

A

Capnographic findings can provide a clue to the presence of a PE. A decrease in the end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) value compared with previous readings and a widening of the arterial-to-end-tidal partial pressure CO2 gradient (P[a-et]CO2) may suggest the presence of an embolus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What ends inspiration in pressure support ventilation?

A

Each pressure support breath is flow cycled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

At what pressure is pressure support not high enough to contribute significantly to ventilatory support but is sufficient to overcome the work imposed by the ventilator system?

A

When pressure support is reduced to about 5 cm H2O, the pressure level is not high enough to contribute significantly to ventilatory support. However, this level of support usually is sufficient to overcome the work imposed by the ventilator system (i.e., the resistance of the ET tube, trigger sensitivity, demand-flow capabilities, and the type of humidifier used).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which mode of ventilation delivers the exact amount of pressure required to overcome the resistive load imposed by the ET tube for the flow measured at the time?

A

Automatic tube compensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The closed loop mode used for weaning from mechanical ventilation is which of the following?

A

ASV (adaptive support ventilation) is a patient-centered method of closed loop mechanical ventilation that increases or decreases ventilatory support based on monitored patient parameters.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A postoperative patient, still under anesthesia, is being ventilated with VC-CMV with Automode. After 2 hours the patient is waking up and beginning to breathe spontaneously. The ventilator will respond by _____________________.

A

switching to the volume support mode.
If a postoperative patient is still recovering from the effects of anesthesia and the ventilator operator has selected volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV) with Automode as the operating mode, all breaths are mandatory (time triggered, volume limited, and time cycled). If the patient begins to trigger breaths, the ventilator switches to VS (patient triggered, pressure limited, and flow cycled with a volume target) and remains in this mode as long as the patient is breathing spontaneously.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

calculate anion gap

A

Na-Cl-HCO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

calculate VO2

A

QT(PaO2-PvO2)10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

calculate Raw

A

PIP-Pplat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

calculate Cs

A

Vte/Pplat-PEEP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

calculate Cd

A

Vte/PIP-PEEP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

QS/QT

A

A-a X .003/(A-a X .003) + (CaO2 - CVO2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Calculate for Qs/Qt shunt
Step 1
PAO2

A

FiO2(Pb-47) - PaCO2 (FiO2+[1-FiO2/.8])

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Calculate for Qs/Qt shunt

Step 2

A

(A-a).003

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Calculate for Qs/Qt shunt

Step 3

A

C[a-v]O2

CaO2=(Pao2 X .003) + (SaO2 X 1.34 X Hb)

Cvo2=(PvO2 X .003) + (SvO2 X 1.34 X Hb)

18
Q

Cuff pressures

A

20 to 25 mm Hg

27 to 34 cm H2O

19
Q

Upper inflection point

A

Indicates a point at which large numbers of alveoli are becoming over-inflated

20
Q

Inflection point

A

Occurs during deflation also sometimes called the deflection point and represents collapse of a significant number of lung units following full inflation of the lungs

21
Q

Types of recruitment maneuvers

A 
Sustained inflation 
 PC CMV with a high peep level
 PC CMV with increased peep 
 Recruitment and decremental peep
Sigh techniques
22
Q

APRV

A

P high
P low=0
T high
T low= .5 sec

23
Q

Contraindications for peep

A

Hypovolemia: it must be treated first

Absolute contraindication untreated significant pneumothorax or a tension pneumothorax

24
Q

Ve and IBW

A

Mulitply 3.5 (F) or 4 (M) to BSA equals Ve

25
Q

f calculation

A

60 sec/ TCT sec

26
Q

Ti calculation

A

Vt/ flow

27
Q

Vt calculation

A

Flow X Ti

28
Q

Flow calculation

A

Vt / Ti

29
Q

Time constant calculation

A

C X Raw

30
Q

One time constant

A

63%

31
Q

Two time constants

A

86%

32
Q

Three time constants

A

95%

33
Q

Four time constants

A

98%

34
Q

Five or more time constants

A

100%

35
Q

Less than 3 time constants

A

May result in incomplete delivery of Vt

36
Q

Inspiratory muscles

A

Scalene (anterior, medial, posterior)
Sternocleidomastoids
Pectorals ( major and minor)
Trapezius

37
Q

Expiratory muscles

A 
Rectus abdominus
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominal
 Serratus (anterior, posterior)
Latissimus dorsi
38
Q

MMV

A

Minimum minute ventilation aka aumented minute ventilation, is used primarily for weaning. It allows the operator to minimum Ve (70 - 90%) of the pts current Ve

39
Q

MIP values

cm H2O

A

Normal -100 to -50

Critical -20 to 0

40
Q

MEP values

cm H2O

A

Normal 100

Critical <40

41
Q

Vital capacity VC values

mL/kg

A

Normal 65 to75

Critical <10 to 15

42
Q

Tidal volume Vt values

mL/kg

A

Normal 6 to 8

Critical <6

RT30 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions