random questions Flashcards
strep
vical adenopathy and pharyngotonsillar exudates
are two of the Centor criteria. The 100.2°F fever
is just under the prescribed temperature of 100.4°F
and, thus, does not meet the Centor criteria. The
final component of the criteria would be the absence
of a cough, which eliminates that symptom.
humeral shaft fractures
nosis is humeral shaft fracture. This is indicated
by the fact that the injury was sustained due to
an automobile accident, the presence of swelling
and deformity, the position in which the patient is
holding the arm, and the lack of other indicative
injuries.
tonsillectomy
Persistent marked
asymmetry of tonsils is an absolute indication for
tonsillectomy in this case
infection in the pleural space
Empyema is the only
type of pleural effusion connected with infection
within the pleural space.
variceal bleed
Variceal litigation, in
which an endoscope is used to snare the varices
with an elastic band, is the safest means of treating
esophageal varices and the most effective in pre
-
venting future episodes.
addison’s disease
Oral corticosteroids
will act as replacements for hormones that the
patient’s body is failing to produce.
head concussion
Elevated blood pressure
is not a common sign of concussion and may
indicate a cerebral aneurysm, which can also be
caused by head trauma in some cases.
osteomyelitis of hip
Arthrotomy, which
involves surgically opening the joint for drainage
and debridement of the infection, is usually required
with hip joint infections. The only exception
to this is if the infecting pathogen is Neisseria
gonorrhoeae.
b6 deficiency
Patients suffering from
B6 pyridoxine deficiency commonly present with
flaky skin, headache, anemia, seizures, and sore
tongue
pancreatic chronic
Alcohol abuse is the
cause of chronic pancreatitis in up to 90% of cases.
alcohol abuse
Klebsiella pneumoniae
is the most common cause of pneumonia among
patients with a history of alcohol abuse.
cystitis
suprapubic pain- in men
type I diabetes diet calories
. The recommended
caloric intake for a patient with type 1 diabetes
mellitus is 45–65 percent carbohydrates, 10–35
percent protein, 25–35 percent fat, with less than
7 percent saturated fat. In addition, the patient
should limit cholesterol intake to fewer than 33
mg/day.
stress fracture
). The most likely
diagnosis is a stress fracture. This patient exhibits
pain and edema in the 2nd metatarsal region
of her right foot. Metatarsal fractures comprise
about one-fourth of stress fractures, and are most
likely in the distal 2nd and 3rd metatarsals. Stress
fractures are more likely to occur when athletes
step up their training. X-rays do not always detect
a stress fracture as soon as the injury occurs. In
about half of cases, evidence of a stress fracture is
apparent on X-ray in two to 10 weeks as the bone
attempts to heal. A stress fracture is more likely to
be detected on a bone scan or magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI).
if you suspect prostate cancer
ultrasound with biopsy
sickle cell in baby
Sickle cell anemia
occurs primarily in African-Americans. Pain is
caused when sickle-cell red blood cells prevent the
flow of blood through tiny blood vessels to the torso
and extremities. Edema is caused by blockage of
blood flow in the hands and feet from sickle-shaped
red blood cells. Jaundice occurs because the liver
is unable to break down sickle-shaped red blood
cells. Infection is caused by damage to the spleen
by sickle-shaped red blood cells. Low weight is
caused by lack of oxygen and nutrients in normal
red blood cells needed for normal growth.
if patient thinks estrogen cream is messy
The best alternative
treatment for this patient would be an estrogen
vaginal ring. This is an estrodiol-containing flexible
ring that is inserted into the vagina every three
months. It may be removed for sexual intercourse.
It rests behind the pubic bone in the upper vagina,
much like a diaphragm without the dome. It contains no cream or gel, so it is not messy. It works
topically on vaginal tissue. The ring releases about
7.5 mcg of estradiol every 24 hours. It improves
symptoms of vaginal atrophy comparatively to
estradial creams and other topical formulations
and has low systemic absorption.
rhematic fever criteria
The most common
finding is arthralgia. It is often difficult to establish
a diagnosis of rheumatic fever because there is no
single clinical manifestation or laboratory test that
is confirmatory. The importance of doing so relates
to the need to treat the acute problems promptly
and effectively, as well as to the importance of
instituting long-term antibiotic prophylaxis to
prevent recurrences. To assist in diagnosis, the
American Heart Association identified a set of
major and minor standards relating to the manifestations of the disease, called the Jones criteria
(modified), and recommends that these criteria
be applied in the diagnosis of every patient with
possible rheumatic fever. The major criteria are
carditis, arthritis, erythema marginatum, chorea,
and subcutaneous nodules. The minor criteria are
arthralgia (joint pain with no objective findings),
fever or history of rheumatic fever, increased
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PART II: Diagnosing Strengths and Weaknesses Chapter 3: Practice Test 1: Diagnostic
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), positive
C-reactive protein, increased WBC and anemia,
and prolonged PR and QT intervals on EKG.
