Random Questions Flashcards
1
Q
SIADH
A
HIV Small Cell CA Carbamazepine Cyclophosphamide SSRI
2
Q
Cushing’s syndrome
A
HTN Hyperglycemia Osteoporosis Hypokalemia Metabolic alkalosis
3
Q
Viral meningitis in peds
A
Enterovirus
Arbovirus
4
Q
OA
A
spares MCP joints
5
Q
RA
A
compromises PIP and MCP
6
Q
Propanolol in thyroid storm
A
decreases conversion of T4 to T3
7
Q
ASA in thyroid storm
A
displaces thyroid hormone from TH binding proteins at high doses
8
Q
HCTZ on Na
A
can induce HypoNa
9
Q
Demeclocyline and lithium
A
blunt the response of collecting tubule cells to ADH, increasing excretion of water
10
Q
post herpetic neuralgia tx
A
TCA (amitriptyline)
topical capsaicin (increases release of substance P and prevents reaccumulation in nerve fibers
gabapentin
long-acting oxycodone
11
Q
SIBO tx
A
metoclopramide
rifaximin
amoxicillin-clavulanate
12
Q
Noonan syndrome
A
AD
Short stature
facial dysmorphism
Congenital heart disease (pulmonic stenosis, ASD, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
13
Q
Isotretinoin
A
hyperglycemia hepatoxicity mucocutaneous reactions blood dyscrasias ocular toxicity
14
Q
angiodysplasia
A
Aortic stenosis
ESRD
15
Q
Parinaud’s syndrome
A
loss of pupillary reaction vertical gaze paralysis loss of optokinetic nystagmus ataxia --> pineal tumor: can secrete hcg
16
Q
Varicocele can cause…
A
testicular atrophy
17
Q
Anterior pituitary horomes
A
ACTH TSH FSH LH GH Prolactin
18
Q
Posterior pituitary
A
oxytocin
vasopressin (ADH)
19
Q
Asthma PFTs
A
Reduced FEV1/FVC
Normal or increased TLC and DLCO
20
Q
Anklyosing spondylitis
A
Anterior uveitis Aortic regurgitation Pulmonary fibrosis IgA nephropathy Restrictive lung disease
21
Q
Pellagra
A
niacin deficiency dementia diarrhea dermatitis stomatitis cheiolosis
22
Q
Rubella
A
posterior cervical LAD, rash that starts on face and spreads caudally
–> measles is much more ill-appearing
23
Q
when to start statin
A
known atherosclerosis
LDL >190
age 40-75 with DM
10-year risk >7.5
24
Q
Botulism
A
causes descending paralysis
25
valgus
abductor
26
varus
adductor
27
Addison's disease
hyperkalemia, anion gap acidosis, prerenal azotemia, hypoglycemia
28
Splenic vein thrombosis
isolated gastric varices, complication of chronic recurrent pancreatitis
29
Portal vein thrombosis
gastric and esophageal varices
30
Vaccines at 12months
HiB, MMR, PVC, Varicella, HepA
31
paralytic ileus
hypokalemia
32
Herpangina
CoxA, vesicles on the posterior oropharynx
33
Primary HSV1
gingivostomatitis, perioral skin vesicles
34
21-hydroxylase
```
decrease cortisol & aldosterone
increase testosterone
increase 17-hyrodxyprogesterone
salt wasting
hypotension
hyponatremia
hyperkalemia
hypoglycemia
```
35
11beta-hydroxylase
```
decrease cortisol & aldosterone
increase testosterone
increase 11-deoxycorticosterone
Fluid & salt retention
hypertension
```
36
17a-hydroxylase
```
decrease cortisol & testosterone
increase mineralcorticoids
increase corticosterone
fluid and salt retention
hypertension
```
37
Nelson's syndrome
pituitary enlargement, hyperpigmentation and visual field defect following bilateral adrenalectomy
38
NF1
```
cafe au lait spots
lisch nodules (iris hamartomas)
pheochromocytoma
optic gliomas
bone dysplasia
axillary freckling
```
39
NF2
cafe au lait spots
lisch nodules
bilateral acoustic neuromas
40
MEN1
```
parathyroid tumors
pituitary tumors (GH, prolactin)
pancreatic tumors (Z-E syndrome, insulinomas, VIPomas, glucagonomas
```
41
MEN2
Medullary thyroid CA
Parathyroid tumors
Pheochromocytoma
42
MEN2B
Medullary thyroid CA
oral/intestinal ganlgioneuromatosis
Pheochromocytoma
Marfinoid habitus
43
SAAG
Serum albumin minus the ascitic fluid albumin. Value >1.1 indicates presence of portal hypertension while a value of <1.1 indicates the absence of portal hypertension
44
Thiazolidinedione medications (ie: pioglitazone)
can result in fluid retention via PPAR-y agonist effects on the renal collecting tubule resulting in sodium reabsorption. This effect is usually seen in patients with underlying heart failure.
45
Digoxin toxicity
verapamil
quinidine
amiodarone
spironolactone
46
Lights Criteria
an exudate if one or more of the following → pleural fluid protein/serum protein ratio >0.5
pleural fluid LDH/serum fluid LDH >0.6
or pleural fluid LDH > ⅔ upper limit of normal for serum LDH
47
Adenosine Contraindication
pts with asthma or bronchospasm
48
pap smears for immunocompromised
at onset of sexual activity
49
Ondansetron on EKG
QT prolongation
50
antibiotic that causes thrombocytopenia
linezolid
51
antibiotic that causes CPK and myotoxicity
Daptomycin
52
Thalassemia iron studies
microcyctic anemia
| normal iron studies
53
Iron deficiency anemia
Low iron
high TIBC
low ferritin
54
Anemia of chronic disease
low iron
low TIBC
normal ferritin
55
Sideroblastic anemia
high iron
high TIBC
normal ferritin
56
Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy
PTU first trimester
| MMI second and beyond
57
celiac disease on biopsy
villous blunting
| lymphocytic and plasma infiltration
58
Antibiotics triggering seizures
penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems (including imipenem), and fluoroquinolones
59
electrolyte imbalance with TURP
hyponatremia
60
best prognostic factor for acute Hep B episode
prothrombin time
61
ASA overdose
high anion gap metabolic acidosis
respiratory alkalosis
transient hepatotoxicity
62
Drugs affecting lithium levels
```
Diuretics
NSAIDs, except ASA
SSRI
ACE/ARB
Antiepileptics
```
63
androgens and glucocorticoids on TFTs
decrease TBG: decrease levo requirement
64
Pregnancy and TB
INH
Rifampin
Ethambutol
65
Way to diagnose bronchiectasis
CT scan
66
Drugs that increase warfarin effect
```
NSAIDs, Acetaminophen
Antibx, antifungals
Amidarone
Cranberry juice, ginkgo, VitE
Omeprazole
Thyroid Hormone
SSRIs
```
67
Drugs that decrease warfarin effect
```
Rifampin
Carbamazepine
OCPs
Ginseng
St. John's wart
Green veggies
```
68
Glasgow Coma Scale
Eyes: 4 (spontaneous) 3 (speech) 2 (pain) 1 (none)
Verbal: 5 (oriented) 4 (confused) 3 (inappropriate) 2 (incomprehensible) 1 (none)
Motor: 6 (obeys commands) 5 (localizes to pain) 4 (withdraws to pain) 3 (flexion to pain) 2 (extension to pain) 1 (none)
69
hypercalcemia
shortened QT, confusion, decreased appetite
70
BK polyomavirus
prominent basophilic intranuclaer inclusions
71
migraine ppx
calcium channel blockers
| beta blockers
72
esophagitis pills
```
alendronate
tetracyclines
NSAIDs
iron
potassium
```
73
Drugs that cause depression
interferon alpha
| ribavarin
74
Wegner's granulmatosis can cause
diffuse alveolar hemmorhage
75
drug that causes diabetes
olanzapine
76
Joint aspiration leukocyte count
100,000: infectious
77
Femoral hernias lie
medial to the femoral vein
| inferior to the inguinal ring
78
muddy brown casts in renal
contrast induced nephropathy
| renal ischemia
79
allopurinol
| colchicine
allopurinol: decreases serum uric acid
colchicine: decreases inflammation
80
Odds ratio
AD/BC
81
Positive likelihood ratio
A/(A+C)/B/(B+D)
