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Random Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is polyphagia

A

Excessive hunger

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2
Q

What is compartment syndrome

A

Damage to the nerves and vasculature of an extremity due to compression

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3
Q

What are the three stages of respiration

A

Pulmonary ventilation
External respiration
Internal respiration

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4
Q

What are the signs of imminent delivery

A

Contractions
Possible bowel movement
Crowning occurs
Urge to push

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5
Q

At what age does two person CPR become 30-2

A

> 8

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6
Q

What is polyuria

A

Excessive urination

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7
Q

What is Polydipsia

A

Excessive thirst

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8
Q

What is polyphagia

A

Excessive hunger

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9
Q

The breastbone is called what?

A

Sternum

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10
Q

Where are the phalanges located

A

The hand

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11
Q

Which quadrant is the spleen located

A

Left upper quadrant

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12
Q

How many bones are in the human body

A

206

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13
Q

In COPD patients what spo2 level is oxygen indicated.

A

92

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14
Q

Supraglottic means

A

Above the glottis

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15
Q

The tidal volume for ventilations at rest is

A

500ml

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16
Q

An oxygen alert card is designed to inform the EMT of the

A

percentage oxygen to administer to a specific patient

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17
Q

The largest blood vessel in the body is the:

A

Aorta

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18
Q

Where is the maxillae located

A

The face

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19
Q

In a healthy patient, an increase of carbon dioxide in the blood will?

A

Stimulate the patient to breath more

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20
Q

What is an endemic

A

An endemic is a disease or condition regularly found and present within a specific geographic area or population.

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21
Q

What is a epidemic

A

An epidemic refers to the widespread occurrence of a disease in a specific community or region, surpassing what is typically expected.

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22
Q

What is the name of the thigh bone

A

Femur

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23
Q

Where is the correct point for checking an infants pulse

A

Brachial

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24
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are in the spinal column

A

5

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25
Q

What does medial mean

A

Towards the midline

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26
Q

How many types of muscles are there

A

3

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27
Q

Nitroglycerin will cause which of the following?
Vasoconstriction
Bronchoconstriction
Vasodilation
Bronchodilation

A

Vasodilation

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28
Q

How many lobes do both lungs have

A

5

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29
Q

What does dorsal mean

A

Back

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30
Q

The transfer of heat when heat waves, or rays, are dispersed from an object is called

A

Radiation

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31
Q

The lateral malleolus is located near the

A

Foot

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32
Q

What does Abduction mean

A

To motion away from the trunk of the body

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33
Q

Where is the Carina located

A

The chest

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34
Q

How is the prone position defined?

A

Lying face down

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35
Q

Where is the liver for the most part situated?

A

Right upper quadrant

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36
Q

What is the term for the inner channel of a blood vessel?

A

Lumen

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37
Q

How many ribs are directly connected to the sternum

A

10

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38
Q

In which part of the body is the calcaneus bone located?

A

Foot

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39
Q

What does a Sphygmomanometer measure?

A

Pressure

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40
Q

What is the largest bone in the human body?

A

Femur

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41
Q

How many chambers are in the heart

A

4

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42
Q

What is the name of the fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between bones and tendons?

A

Bursa

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43
Q

Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance?

A

Cerebellum

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44
Q

What is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

A

Produces insulin and digestive enzymes

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45
Q

What is the scientific name for the collarbone?

A

Clavicle

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46
Q

What is the role of the gallbladder in digestion?

A

Stores and releases bile to aid in fat digestion

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47
Q

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

A

Filtration of blood and urine production

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48
Q

What is the largest organ in the human body

A

The skin

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49
Q

Which bone forms the forehead and the upper eye sockets?

A

Frontal bone

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50
Q

What is the name of the muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity and aids in breathing?

A

Diaphragm

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51
Q

Which gland regulates metabolism and energy levels in the body?

A

Thyroid gland

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52
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

Transport oxygen

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53
Q

Where are the smallest bones in the human body located?

A

Inner ear (Stapes, Incus, Malleus)

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54
Q

What is the purpose of the lymphatic system?

A

Fights infection and maintains fluid balance

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55
Q

Which artery supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself?

A

Coronary artery

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56
Q

What is the structure that connects muscle to bone?

A

Tendon

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57
Q

What is the primary function of the cerebrum in the brain?

A

Controls conscious thoughts, senses, and voluntary movements

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58
Q

Which joint allows for movement in all directions, including rotation?

A

Ball and socket joint (e.g., shoulder and hip joints)

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59
Q

What is the medical term for the voice box?

A

Larynx

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60
Q

Define emphysema

A

Long term progressive illness that causes shortness of breath

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61
Q

Define pulmonary odeoma

A

Accumulation of fluid in the lungs

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62
Q

Define acute pneumonia

A

Lungs are severely inflamed due to seizures

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63
Q

When performing resuscitation on an infant patient; what would the compressions to ventilations ratio be for one person CPR in this situation?

A

30.2

64
Q

What is the EMT taking into consideration when examining the appearance of a newborn?

A

Normal tone

65
Q

On examination of an adult patient; you find their breathing to be at a rate of 8 breaths per minute, what should you consider in relation to the treatment of this patient?

A

The patient requires assisted ventilation

66
Q

When doing a cardiac assessment of a patient; you are performing a 3/4 lead ECG; What does PQRST represent?

A

A heartbeat

67
Q

A neonate is in respiratory distress. There has been no positive response to 5 x PPV’s. On assessment of heartrate, it is found to be 50 beats per minute. Your next step should be;

A

CPR

68
Q

You are treating a patient with agonal respirations. How would you administer Oxygen to this patient?

A

Bag valve mask

69
Q

How long should it take, after arrival on scene, to complete the primary survey?

A

1 minute

70
Q

When delivering Positive Pressure Ventilations to a paediatric patient, how many ventilations per minute should you aim to deliver?

A

12-20

71
Q

When delivering Positive Pressure Ventilations to a paediatric patient, how many ventilations per minute should you aim to deliver?

A

12-20

72
Q

What can cause neurogenic shock

A

Spinal injury

73
Q

An item that has been in contact with blood and consequentially may be open to carrying an infection is called…….

A

A formite

74
Q

What do you call a microorganism in the body that has the potential to cause an infection?

A

Pathogen

75
Q

What name is given to a disease that can occur at a predictable rate and may always be present in a population?

A

Endemic

76
Q

An item that has become infected with a blood borne disease is considered a…

A

Biological hazard

77
Q

Following a submersion incident; patients should be treated in what position?

A

Recumbent

78
Q

In what situation would you remove an object from an open wound?

A

Something adhering to the surface of a wound

79
Q

A female patient has given birth and is losing a lot of blood. How do you proceed in your treatment of this patient?

A

Apply a sterile dressing to the perinium

80
Q

Your patient is ready to give birth, a normal delivery is expected. What do you do ?

A

Encourage her to breath

81
Q

You have attended a pregnant patient and observed the birth. After the baby is born, you have dried and stimulated the baby; what do you do next?

A

Check heart rate with a sp02 monitor

82
Q

Where in the body would you expect to find short bones?

A

The wrist

83
Q

Acute Myocardial Infarction occurs from;

A

Occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries

84
Q

Who is responsible for filling out recognition of death/cease resuscitation on the PCR?

A

General practitioner

85
Q

What is the minimum time that should be spent measuring an irregular pulse?

A

60 seconds

86
Q

A CD cylinder contains how many litres of oxygen?

A

460

87
Q

A vein can be described as being a

A

A thin walled vessel bringing blood to the heart

88
Q

According to the Primary Survey Trauma - Adult CPG, what is the maximum time that should be spent on scene with a patient for life-threatening trauma?

A

10 minutes

89
Q

An incomplete patient care report (PCR) indicates to the reviewer which of the following?

A

Inadequate patient care was administered

90
Q

Blood is pumped into the aorta, and around the body, from which chamber of the heart?

A

Left ventricle

91
Q

For a patient in respiratory distress, drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is described as which of the following?

A

Accessory muscle use

92
Q

How many lobes are in both lungs combined?

A

5

93
Q

How many lobes is the left lung divided into?

A

2

94
Q

In an adult patient with a foreign body airway obstruction, positive pressure ventilations should be provided to a maximum of _______ per minute

A

10

95
Q

In an adult patient, a normal body temperature should be around which of the following temperatures?

A

37

96
Q

In an oxygen delivery system, what is the regulator responsible for?
a.

A

Reducing high pressure within the cylinder to a lower pressure to enable delivery to the patient

97
Q

In early stages of inhalation the pressure in the lungs is

A

Decreased

98
Q

The accuracy of an SpO2 meter can be affected by which of the following?

A

Strong ambient light

99
Q

The amount of air left in the lungs after a forceful exhalation is called which of the following?

A

Residual volume

100
Q

The average healthy male has a tidal volume of __________ mL in each breath

A

500

101
Q

The bone on the ankle side of the lower leg is called what?

A

Fibula

102
Q

The bone on the thumb side of the lower arm is called what?

A

Radius

103
Q

The breathing cycle of an adult is normally

A

inhalation, exhalation and pause

104
Q

The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract during

A

Inhalation

105
Q

The hip is _______ to the knee

A

Proximal

106
Q

The inside of the thigh is _______ to the outside of the thigh

A

Medial

107
Q

The nature of the problem / injury as determined by the practitioner is called the

A

Clinical impression

108
Q

The neck is _______ to the pelvis

A

Superior

109
Q

The normal breathing rate for a child of 4-6 years is

A

16-24

110
Q

The PHECC Care Principles suggests that the goal of pain management is to _______.

A

reduce pain to a tolerable level

111
Q

The pulse can be felt where?

A

an artery passes close to the skin and over a bone

112
Q

What is the maximum number of attempts an EMT should do when inserting an advanced airway

A

2

113
Q

When an advanced airway has been placed during an adult cardiac arrest, you should ventilate at a rate of ________ breaths per minute

A

8-10

114
Q

When delivering oxygen through a nasal cannula at 4 litres per minute the percentage of oxygen delivered is

A

36%

115
Q

When following the care principles recommendations on providing appropriate pain relief the goal is to _______

A

reduce pain to a tolerable level

116
Q

When inserting an oropharyngeal airway, the OPA should be measured from the angle of the jaw to which of the following?

A

Centre of the mouth

117
Q

When providing positive pressure ventilations with a BVM to an adult patient, ventilations should be delivered at what maximum rate per minute?

A

10

118
Q

When treating a patient with respiratory difficulties you have administered O2. You perform a respiratory assessment, and find that an audible wheeze is present. What should you do next?

A

Administer salbutamol

119
Q

When ventilating a patient using a BVM, the best way to determine adequacy is by which of the following?

A

Observing chest rise

120
Q

Where does an EMT record information relating to an OHCAR event?

A

PCR

121
Q

Where does external respiration occur?

A

Alveoli

122
Q

Where does the process of internal respiration occur?

A

Tissues

123
Q

Which answer describes the “Anatomical Position”?

A

Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, palms facing forward

124
Q

Duty of Care begins when the Practitioner

A

Begins treatment on a patient

125
Q

An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by doing which of the following?
a.
Wheezing

b.
Grunting

c.
Retracting the intercostal muscles

d.
Assuming a tripod position

A

Grunting

126
Q

Febrile seizures in a child are _______

A

Not considered epileptic

127
Q

In order to maintain the optimal positioning for the airway of an unresponsive child, you should consider which of the following?
a.
Place a towel under their shoulders

b.
Put padding behind their head

c.
Secure their head

d.
Performing a trauma jaw thrust

A

Place a towel under their shoulders

128
Q

The analogue pain scale is used in paediatric patients aged _______

A

> 8

129
Q

It is recommended that when dealing with a patient with decompression illness they must be carried out at an altitude of < 1000 ft. above the incident site or in an aircraft pressurised equivalent to sea level. Why is this relevant?

A

Because air changes may be harmful to the patient

130
Q

The paediatric assessment triangle is conducted at which of the following stages of assessment?

A

Before the AbC assessment

131
Q

The sweet or fruity odour from the breath of a diabetic patient is caused by _______ in the blood

A

Ketones

132
Q

The tricuspid valve allows blood to travel between which of the following options?

A

Right atrium and Right ventricle

133
Q

The Wong-Baker scale for assessing paediatric pain is useful in children of what age group?

A

5,6 and 7 yrs

134
Q

What part of an ECG rhythm represents repolarisation of the ventricles?

A

T wave

135
Q

What pulse location when palpated indicates a SBP of 80mmHg or greater?

A

Radial

136
Q

When assessing a patient’s skin which of the following parameters are checked?

A

Colour, temperature and condition

137
Q

When assessing arm movement of a patient with a suspected stroke, you should do which of the following?

A

Ask the patient to close his or her eyes during the assessment

138
Q

When dealing with a query Hypothermic patient, how long should you carry out the pulse check for?

A

30-45 seconds

139
Q

When deoxygenated blood leaves the heart, which of the following valves does it pass through to go to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary valve

140
Q

Which of the following compression/ventilation ratios apply when a child is greater than or equal to 12 years old, and you are part of a two-rescuer team?

A

30:2

141
Q

Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood?

A

Pulmonary veins

142
Q

Which of the following is the fibrous sac surrounding the heart?
a.
Epicardium

b.
Endocardium

c.
Pericardium

d.
Myocardium

A

Pericardium

143
Q

Which of the following is the name for the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle?
a.
Bicuspid

b.
Aortic

c.
Tricuspid

d.
Pulmonic

A

Bicuspid

144
Q

Which of the following options indicates the two main types of stroke (CVA)?
a.
Complete and Partial

b.
Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic

c.
Chemical or Mechanical

d.
Transient and Permanent

A

Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic

145
Q

Which of the following would be the correct amount of time to apply digital pressure to a patient’s nose suffering from epistaxis?
a.
20 minutes

b.
15 minutes

c.
5 minutes

d.
10 minutes

A

15 minutes

146
Q

You are dealing with a patient who was poisoned and you determine that the substance is most likely an opiate. Which of the following indications would lead you to this decision?
a.
Absent or inadequate ventilations

b.
Perfuse sweating

c.
Temperature of 35.8

d.
Blood glucose level of 3.2 mmol/L

A

Absent or inadequate ventilation

147
Q

Burns are classified according to their what?
a.
Location and pain

b.
Total body surface area and location

c.
Degree and location

d.
Depth and total body surface area

A

Depth and total body surface area

148
Q

Hypoperfusion can also be called which of the following?
a.
Hypoxaemia.

b.
Cyanosis.

c.
Cellular death.

d.
Shock.

A

Shock

149
Q

The electrical pathway through the heart follows which of the following routes?
a.
SA Node – Bundle of his – Left and Right Bundle branches – Perkinje fibres – AV node

b.
SA Node – Perkinje fibres – Bundle of his – AV node – Left and Right Bundle branches

c.
SA Node – AV node – Left and Right Bundle branches – Perkinje fibres – Bundle of his

d.
SA Node – AV node – Bundle of his – Left and Right Bundle branches – Perkinje fibres

A

SA Node – AV node – Bundle of his – Left and Right Bundle branches – Perkinje fibres

150
Q

The main pacemaker of the heart is called what?
a.
Bundle of his

b.
Purkinje fibres

c.
Atrioventricular node

d.
Sinoatrial node

A

Sinoatrial node

151
Q

The pressure created when the heart contracts and forces blood into the arteries is called which of the following?
a.
Resting blood pressure

b.
Regular blood pressure

c.
Systolic blood pressure

d.
Diastolic blood pressure

A

Systolic blood pressure

152
Q

What part of the body is affected by a haemothorax?
a.
Brain

b.
Lungs

c.
Liver

d.
Pelvis

A

Lungs

153
Q

When providing pain relief an EMT should _______
a.
have patients confirm administration of medications by having them counter sign the PCR

b.
only give pain medications when approved by ALS

c.
take cognisance of immediate and short-term pain management requirements

d.
ensure that multiple medications are not given at the same time

A

take cognisance of immediate and short-term pain management requirements

154
Q

Which of the following injuries would result in haemorrhagic shock?
a.
Bleeding nose

b.
Liver laceration

c.
Scalp wound

d.
Contusion

A

Liver laceration

155
Q

Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain?
a.
Autonomic

b.
Smooth

c.
Skeletal

d.
Cardiac

A

Skeletal

156
Q

With reviewing the percentage values for the paediatric rule of nines against the adult values, which of the following is correct?
a.
Head value is proportionately smaller

b.
Arm value is proportionately larger

c.
Thorax value is proportionately larger

d.
Leg value is proportionately smaller

A

Leg value is proportionately smaller

Emt (10 decks)

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