Random PCM I Exam 1 Flashcards
Central compartment of hip structures?
Peripheral?
Lateral?
- Labrum, ligamentum teres, articular surfaces
- Femoral neck, Synovial lining
- Glute medius, Glute minimus, Piriformis, IT band, trochanteric bursae
FABER test 1 vs. 2 vs. 3?
Which compartments for each?
1) Apprehension: FABER 1: Pt’s hip is flexed, ABducted and ER. Doc induces further ER. (Central compartment)
2) Patrick’s FABER 2: Pt’s hip is flexed, ABduced, and ER. Doc braces contralateral ASIS, pt ER/ABducts AGAINST resistance (Lateral compartment)
3) Patricks’s FABER 3: Pt’s hip is flexed ABducted, and ER. Doc braces contralateral ASIS. Pt IR/ADducts AGAINST resistance (Anterior/Iliopsoas compartment)
What are the 3 special tests for the meniscus cartilage of the knee?
1) McMurray’s Test
2) Apley’s Grind Test - Compression test
3) Apley’s Grind Test - Distraction test
What are the 4 components of the medial longitudinal arch?
1) Navicular
2) Cuneiforms (1-3)
3) Talus
4) Metatarsals (1-3)
Primary stabilizer of the medial ankle?
Deltoid ligament
3 components of the lateral longitudinal arch?
1) Calcaneus
2) Cuboid
3) Metatarsals 4-5
The 3 primary stabilizers of the lateral ankle?
1) Anterior talofibular ligament (ATF = always tears first)
2) Calcaneofibular ligament
3) Posterior talofibular ligament
During the monofilament test of the foot where is the monofilament placed?
First and fourth pad of toes and at base of first, third, and fifth plantar MTP joints
What is the test for Achilles tendon rupture?
Thompson test
What are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff? (mnemonic)
1) Supraspinatus
2) Infraspinatus
3) Teres minor
4) Subscapularis (not palpable)
SITS
Which muscles involved in depression of scapula?
- Lower Trapezius
- Lower Rhomboids
Golfers Elbow + pt’s direction of force during test?
Tennis Elbow + pts direction of force during test?
Medial Epicondylitis (golfers elbow) - flexes wrist
Lateral Epicondylitis (tennis elbow) - extends wrist
What is the most common elbow injury during childhood?
Pain over the medial epicondyle - initially after throwing (repetitive valgus distraction forces) = “Little League Elbow”
Which axis runs perpendicular to the coronal/frontal plane?
Anterior-Posterior Axis (A-P axis)
Which axis runs perpendicular to the sagittal plane?
Transverse axis (Right-left axis)
Which axis runs perpendicular to the transverse plane?
Longitudinal axis (Superior-inferior axis)
Lateral flexion (aka sidebending) is movement in what plane and axis?
Movement in a coronal (frontal) plane about an anterior-posterior axis
Flexion and extension of the trunk are movements in what plane and axis?
Motion in a sagittal plane (AP) of the spine about a transverse axis
Rotation of the trunk (aka twisting) is movement in what plane and axis?
Movement in a transverse (horizontal) plane about a superior inferior axis
What are the 7 components of the gravitational line?
1) External auditory canal
2) Lateral head of humerus
3) 3rd lumbar vertebra
4) Anterior 1/3 of the sacrum
5) Greater trochanter
6) Lateral condyle of knee
7) Lateral malleolus
Which plane affected in scoliosis and kyphosis/lordosis?
Scoliosis = Coronal (frontal)
Kyphosis/lordosis = Sagittal (AP)
CDC recommends adults get how much exercise?
Children?
- Adults: 150 mins/week of moderate activity (brisk walking) and strength training 2 days/week
- Children (6 y/o +): get 1 hour a day
Safe drinking limits men and women + those over age 65?
Men: 14 or fewer drinks per week, no more than 4 drinks/day
Women and those over age 65: 7 per week, no more than 3/day
What is the mnemonic for asking about spiritual beliefs?
F - faith
I - importance to you
C - community (part of one?)
A - addressing care based on beliefs
5 P’s for sexual activity?
Partners
Protection from STIs
Prevention of Pregnancy
Practices
Past Hx of STIs
What are the 3 fibrous joint types (synarthroses)?
Movement?
1) Sutures
2) Syndesmosis
3) Gomphosis
*NO movement
2 sub-types of cartilagionous joints?
1) Primary: Hyaline (aka synchondroses)
2) Secondary: Fibrocartilage (aka symphyses)
2 examples of cartilaginous joints?
1) Between vertebral bodies
2) Pubic symphysis
Which component of Synovial Joints has no blood vessel or nerve supply?
Found where?
- Articular cartilage
- Covers the ends of bones
Producer of Synovial fluid?
Found where?
- Synovial membrane
- Vascular CT membrane lining entire joint cavity
2 examples of a synovial pivot joint (trochoid)?
1) AA joint
2) Radioulnar
What are 4 examples of a planar synovial joint?
1) AC joint
2) Proximal tibiofibular
3) Intercarpal
4) Sternoclavicular
2 examples of condyloid and ellipsoid joints?
1) MCP joints
2) Radiocarpal joint
Example of a Saddle joint (Sellar)?
Carpalmetacarpal (CMC) of thumb
Nerve ending supplying a joint are found where?
In the articular capsule
Hilton’s Law?
Nerves supplying a joint also supply the muscle moving the joint and the skin covering the attachments of these muscles
Affected cartilage becomes dull with a yellowish discoloration taking a chracteristic ground-glass appearance in what type of joint degeneration?
Due to loss of?
- Fibrillation
- Loss of proteoglycans in articular cartilage
Complete loss (ulceration) of articular cartilage, accompanied by a thickening of the subchondral bone is known as?
What type of appearance?
- Eburnation
- Hard and polished (ivory like appearance)
Joint mice (osteochondromatosis) is what?
Commonly seen in what condition?
- Fragments of cartilage and/or bone floating free in synovial fluid
- Osteochondrosis Dissecans
Technique for diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?
Treatment technique?
- Dix-Hallpike maneuver = diagnosis
- Epley Manuever = treatment
Adapter Centor Criteria for whether sore throat should get antibiotics?
- Score of 3 or more = strong likelihood of strep = antibiotics
One point for:
- Tonsilar exudates
- Fever by history
- Absence of cough
- Tender anterior cervical adenopathy (swollen LN’s)
- Add one point for pt’s age 3-14 (start w/ 1)
- No points for pt’s 15-44 (start w/ 0)
- Subtract a point for pt’s 45+ (start w/ -1)
Diagnosis?
Diagnosis?
Diagnosis?
Diagnosis?
Swimmers Ear!
Stance phase is defined as being from _____ to ______
Heel strike (initial contact) to toe-off (pre-swing)
When the right foot is in initial contact (heel strike) the left foot is in?
Terminal stance (heel off)
When the right foot is in the loading response (foot flat) the left foot is in?
Pre-swing (toe off)
Ala nasi, Columella, Vestibule, and Bridge are external landmarks of?
Nose
