Random NI Facts Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 5 steps in Root Cause Analysis (RCA)?
A
- Define the problem
- Collect Data
- identify possible causal factors
- Identify root causes
- Recommend and/or implement
2
Q
What does the acronym FOCUS-PDCA stand for?
A
Find Organize Clarify Understand Select
Plan
Do
Check
Act
3
Q
Name the functions of Patient Financial Services (PFS)
A
- Determines co-payment
- Determines potential deductible
- Check claims status
- Receive charges
- Generate claims
- Validate insurance coverage
- Manage prior authorizations
4
Q
What are the basic elements of visual design?
A
- Texture
- Shape
- Typography
- Lines
- Color Palate
- Form
5
Q
In process Improvement-What is FADE?
A
F-Focus: process that needs to be improved
A-Analyze: estimate baselines; identify root cause
D-Develop: action plans
E-Execute: Implement action plan on a pilot basis, then install and monitor
6
Q
What are some of the EHR certification criteria?
A
Advance directives
Encryption
Electronic prescribing
Electronic copy of health information
Record demographics
Access control
Drug formulary
Active medication list
Generate patient lists
Medication reconciliation
Submission to immunization registries
Calculate & submit clinical quality measures &
clinical summaries
Exchange clinical information
Patient summary record
Emergency access,
Medication reconciliation,
Plotting and displaying growth charts.
7
Q
Who is Dorthea Orem and what is she known for?
A
Theorist that believed patients should be responsible and self-sufficient for their own care
Believed patients are individuals and believes that goal of nursing should be to have patients be self reliant
8
Q
What kind of theory is DIKW?
A
Information Theory
9
Q
What are the 3 aspects of quality improvement?
A
- Resources-people, information, technology, infrastructure,
- Activities
- Results
10
Q
What are the main points of HIPAA and HITECH?
A
Privacy
Security rule (under HIPAA)
-to protect individual e-phi
-governs 3 groups
1-health plans
2-healthcare clearing house
3-healthcare providers that transmit its health information in electronic form
11
Q
What are the 8 components of Total Quality Management (TQM)
A
- Customer-focused care: ultimately determines quality improvement
12
Q
What are some tools that are used in Project Management?
A
- Gantt chart-critical path
- Smartworks
- Microsoft project
- QuickBase
- Experience in Software
13
Q
What is involved in strategy planning?
A
- Scanning of In????
- Data analysis
- Identify the need for change
- Definition of goals and scope
- Identification of potential solutions
- Creating of a course of action
- Implementation
- Evaluation
- Feedback
14
Q
What are the primary components of needs assessment?
A
- Identify priorities
- Identify barriers
- Gap analysis
- Summarize results
15
Q
What are the attributes of E-Health code of Ethics?
A
- Responsible partnering
- Accountability
- Privacy
- Candor
- Quality
- Professional in on-line healthcare
- Honesty
16
Q
What are the 5 goals of usability?
A
- It is pleasant to use
- It is easy to use
- Decrease in errors
- Once the system is learned, it is easy to go back to
17
Q
What does CIS stand for and sometimes referred to?
A
Clinical information system…a large system used to access patient data that can be used for:
planning
implementing, and
evaluating care of the patient
sometimes referred to as patient care information system.
18
Q
Nursing informatics deals with?
A
- Nursing data
- Information
- Knowledge to facilitate the management
- Communication of the information
19
Q
What are medical professionals doing during the assessment phase?
A
- Assessment is the 1st step in the nursing process
- Gathering information to produce a nursing diagnosis
- Includes psychological, physiological, sociocultural, economic, spiritual, and life-style factors about the patient
20
Q
Core measures used by the Joint Commission support and improve the quality and safety of healthcare. What is the initiative called.
A
ORYX initiative.
21
Q
What is a critical path in project management?
A
Tasks that allows for no slack and helps to determine the project’s finish date.
22
Q
A good training plan should include?
A
- Approach
- Evaluation strategy
- Training needs
- Resources
- Budget
- Costs
- Philosophy
- Schedule
23
Q
Pitfalls with dissemination
A
- Lack of details
- Uncertainty and contribution to nursing
- Inexperience
24
Q
What is GAP analysis?
Also referred to as Needs Assessment
Needs Assessment includes things such as:
-identifying the requirements of dept as registration, accounting, and medical records among others
A
Consists of listing:
- the characteristics factors of the present situation, - the listing of factors that will be needed to achieve future objectives - highlighting the gaps that will need to be filled
Characteristic factors are:
- attributes - performance levels - competencies
A gap analysis forces a company to look at where it is now and where they want to be in the future
25
Process Improvement involves?
The application of actions which are taken in order to:
- identify
- analyze
- improve an existing processes in order to meet the requirements for:
- financial goals
- customer satisfaction
- quality
26
What are the 4 steps in work-flow analysis?
1. Developing the use case
2. Framing the process
3. Understanding the current process that is being used
4. Designing the new process
27
What are the stages of the systems design life cycle?
Identifying the needed issues
designing the system
Using the system
Evolving the system
28
Language is a system of communication using?
1. arbitrary set of vocal sounds
2. written symbols
3. signs or gestures in conventional ways with conventional meanings
In HC there is typically a language of medicine
29
Strategic planning steps include?
1. The analysis of the data
2. The scope and goals are identified
3. The implementation
4. Scanning of the internal and external environments
5. Identifying potential solutions
6. Identifying ongoing evaluation and feedback
30
What are the goals of the human-computer interaction (HCI) and usability?
1. Effectiveness goal-usefulness & safety assessed
2. Efficiency goal-productivity, cost, & learnability assessed
3. Satisfaction goal-perceived effectiveness and perceived efficiency
31
After collecting all data for the evaluation, it will then need to be:
Reported...communicating to the team the results of the evaluation is the next step to possibly making changes
32
Core values for performance excellence include:
1. Agility
2. Systems perspective
3. Management by fact
4. Voluntary leadership
5. patient-focused excellence
6. Organizational and personal learning
7. Focus on results and creating value
8. Social responsibility and community health
9. Managing for innovation
10. Focus on the future
11. Valuing staff and partners
33
The 5 steps of planning and conducting usability tests include?
1. Assessment of constraints
2. Definition of purpose
3. Matching methods to the purpose, constraints, and framework assessment
4. Use of an HCI (human-computer interaction) framework to refine each component
5. Emphasis on components of interest
34
What areas are part of the functional testing stage of the SDLC?
1. Interfaces-communication capabilities
2. Databases tested for functionality with the system
3. Printing documents
35
What are two uses of technology for the delivery of telehealth?
1. Two-way communication
| 2. Store and forward
36
On what are the principle metastructures of informatics based?
A nurse's ability to integrate data, information, and knowledge in order to make sound clinical decisions.
The principle of metastructures rely upon a nurse's capacity to integrate a wide array of data, health information, and medical and semantic knowledge to make wise decision in practice.
37
Data, Information, and Knowledge represent more than just medical content...what else does it represent?
Flow of learning
Absorption
Application
38
What are major factors to consider when choosing the right mobile technology in healthcare?
Device size
Weight
Durability
Ease of Use
39
Who are the individuals that have the most responsibility for completing a project?
Stakeholders have the most responsibility. They have the most influence in the system designs and are typically the most impacted by the implementation of the design
40
Snyder-Halpern (2001) identifies 4 tasks that are associated with human information processing would include?
1. Data gathering
2. Information use
3. Generation of new knowledge
4. Creative application of knowledge to clinical practice
41
What is NANDA's mission?
North American Nurses Diagnosis Association
Facilitate the development, refinement, dissemination, and use of standardized nursing diagnostic terminology.
Grown to international proportions since 2002 and use their scope of membership to establish solid terminological standers for nursing care.
They are able to spread information that improves care in regions that might otherwise lack necessary access to such materials.
42
HIPAA addresses?
1. Simplifying healthcare claims
2. Ensuring the security of healthcare information
3. Provides standards for healthcare data transmission
The purpose of the law initially was to help improve the effectiveness and the efficiency of healthcare
43
What is the primary format for education?
Learning
Informatics in nursing promotes the use of the best methods in order to manage the information and aid in learning.
44
HIM (Health Information Management) helps to protect what?
1. Genetic information
2. Social information
3. Adoption information
4. Health information
5. Medical information
6. Personal information
45
What is the Health Belief Model (1950s)?
Developed in the 1950s from a social psychology perspective to be used as a predictor of preventive health behavior. The model includes:
1. Individual perceptions
2. Modifying factors
3. Likelihood of action
46
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENAC)
1945
| Moore School of Engineering
47
FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) concentrates on what?
1. What could go wrong
2. Why would the failure occur
3. If there is a failure, what would the consequences be
4. Steps that are in the process
Teams often use FMEA to evaluate the process they are developing in order to determine the possible failures and helps to prevent them from occurring
48
The National Center for Nursing Research set 6 goals in 1993 for nursing informatics research. Which of the following is not one of these goals?
New schedules for the nurse
1. The development of a workstation that will provide the nurses with the information they need.
2. The establishment of a standardized nursing language.
3. The development of methods that can help build the databases for clinical information.
4. Determining how the nurses actually give patient care by using the information, data, and knowledge and
5. The development and testing of patient care
decision support systems were also included in the informatics research.
49
The most widely recognized nomenclature in healthcare would be considered which of the following?
EHR
CPT
DRT
SNOMED
SNOMED
SNOMED would be considered Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine.
This would be the most widely recognized nomenclature in healthcare. It is developed and maintained by the College of American Pathologists.
50
Healthcare facilities have major clinical systems. Which of the following would be considered one of them?
Laboratory information system
Dietary department
Environmental department
None of the above
Laboratory information system
The 3 major clinical systems would be considered:
Laboratory information system (LIS)
Radiology information system (RIS)
Pharmacy information system (PIS)
Other departments such as dietary and respiratory therapy are definitely important but are not considered one of the 3 major clinical systems.
51
With the EHR (electronic health records) legalities of records issues, which of the following does not need to be in place in order to ensure that the uses and disclosures that are made are according to the permitted or required federal and state laws?
Procedures
Training of the workforce
Budgeting
Policies
Budgeting
Budgeting is not one of the things that would assist with the uses and disclosure issues.
Concerning the uses and disclosures, the policies, procedures, and workforce training are necessary
for the system to be legally effective.
52
The needs assessment should include all of the following except?
Accounting
Implementation
Registration
Medical records
Implementation
```
The needs assessment should include:
Registration
Accounting
Medical records
Others
```
53
Which of the following is considered correct for the interdisciplinary field of study that will analyze and then describe how a small group of things work together to produce a result?
Information theory
Systems theory
Murphy’s theory
None of the above
Systems theory
The systems theory came from the field of biology. The
thought was that if a system was open to interacting
with its surrounding environment, then it would
acquire new properties. Thus, evolution could occur.
54
Emphasizing components of interest is a step in the process of conducting usability tests. Which of the following is not one of the steps in the process?
Assessing constraints
The definition of a clear purpose.
Comparison
The use of an HCI framework to refine each component.
Comparison
The match methods to the purpose, constraints, and framework assessment are the fifth of the steps. Once a method has been selected, then the pieces can be used to put it into action.
55
User security needs to be thoroughly addressed during the functional testing stage. Which area is not addressed at this point of the SDLC?
Multiple user accounts including logins.
Security permissions denying access to appropriate
users.
Sufficient access to approved areas of the system.
Virus and threat introduction.
Virus and threat introduction.
Security in the functional testing stage should include sufficient testing of multiple users and their logins.
Ease of access as well as denial of access to the necessary information is also in need of great testing in this phase.
Threats from outside entities, such as viruses and other cyber threats are not the security issues addressed at this time.
56
The human-computer interaction is the study of how humans design,
implement and evaluate the computer systems related to user task and work. Which of the following would not be a sample of human-computer interaction?
Social issues with computing.
Efficiency
The user is satisfied with a patient portal.
The meanings of icons.
Efficiency
With human-computer interactions, the other three above would be correct.
Efficiency would be a topic under usability.
In addition to the above, other topics such as:
-the user's perception of the effectiveness of the
design of the clinical documentation that is
integrated with the bar-coding of medications and
the design of devices such as a mouse would be
appropriate.
57
Bio-informatics would be considered which of the following?
When the staff selects the computer program that would be correct for the situation.
The application of IT and computer to the management of the biological information.
Both A and B
None of the above
The application of IT and computer to the management of the biological information.
This deals with the development of algorithms and databases and is used to help facilitate research. Bio-informatics is considered the application of IT and computer to the management of the biological information.
58
Which option is not a cloud computing option for the SDLC?
Software as a service (SaaS).
Platform as a service (PaaS).
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS).
DataBases as a service (DBaaS)
DataBases as a service (DBaaS).
Databases as a service or DBaaS, are not a category of cloud computing. Databases are however included in the infrastructure category. Software, platforms and infrastructure are the three categories at the disposal of SDLC.
59
User acceptance testing should include?
The selection of a team to do the tests cases.
The executing of user acceptance test cases.
The development of the test cases.
All of the above
All of the above
These could include:
The selection of a team to do the tests cases.
The executing of user acceptance test cases.
The development of the test cases.
The test would need to be planned.
60
Which of the below software tools is not used during the testing phase of the SDLC?
Software to track and report issues during testing.
Software to track future changes in requirements.
Software to design automated testing scripts.
Software to test performance by generating a simulated user load.
Software to track future changes in requirements.
There are many tools to aid in the testing of the system. These tools can simulate user load, track and report issues,
Changes in the future to the needs or requirements should be avoided, as this cannot always be compensated for at a later date. Changes could change the entire scope/dynamic of the SDLC.
61
he PMI (Project Management Institute) has identified 5 critical skills which a project manager should have. What are the 5?
```
These 5 would be considered:
Communication
Influence
Problem-solving
Leadership
Negotiation
```
62
As a component of strategy planning, strategy analysis
would include which of the following?
Organizational assessments
Environmental scan
The strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities of the organization.
All of the above
All of the above
It would be a very important part of the planning process to know the organization's strengths along with their weaknesses.
Any threats could also affect the results of the strategy.
63
An SDLC readiness assessment should be conducted:
During the planning phase.
During the implementation phase.
During the design phase.
During the training phase.
During the design phase.
The readiness assessment is conducted before implementation, to assess the readiness of the organization for the implementation that will occur shortly. This should include hardware, environment, staff, etc.
64
The basic elements that would be included with visual design could include all of the following except?
Color palette
Form
Lines
Implementing
Implementing
```
These basic elements could include:
Color palette
Form
Lines
Typography
Shapes
Texture
Space
```
65
Usability is one of the major components of human-computer interaction. Which of the following would not be included as a usability topic?
User satisfaction
Human factor
Learning how to use a system
Efficiency
Human factors
Human factor is not one of the usability topics. Other topics can include such things as the:
a. use of an application,
b. error-free interactions, and
c. the seamless fit of an information system to the task.
66
Which of the following Nielsen-Shneiderman Heuristic categories focuses on users understanding what the system is doing?
Consistency and standards.
Visibility of system state.
Match between system and world.
Minimalist.
Visibility of system state.
This category also focuses on what users can do with the technology. This is via messages, information, and displays.
67
With regard to the life cycle of information systems, which of the following is the fourth and final phase?
Needs assessment.
System selection.
System implementation.
Maintenance.
Maintenance.
Phase 1: Needs assessment
Phase 2: System selection
Phase 3: System implementation
Phase 4: Maintenance
68
During the system testing stage of the design phase of the SDLC, unit testing is:
Performed by the end users.
Performed by the designer.
Performed on the entire system as a whole.
Performed after the functional testing has occurred.
Performed by the designer.
Unit testing is the first form of testing before the system is handed over to the testing phase of SDLC.
It is usually performed by the system designer during the design, and performed on each component separately.
This is the first line of testing to ensure that each piece is operating correctly.
69
Ergonomics
Has 3 different types:
1. Physical,
2. Cognitive, and
3. Organizational.
- When sitting at the computer, it is important to be an arm's length away from the computer screen.
- When sitting-the feet need to be flat on the floor.
- Chair should be at a height that makes the knees level with hips.
- Wrists should be positioned so that they are either at or below elbow level. Wrists should be straight.
70
The Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MEDPAR), consists of
which of the following types of data?
The provider data
The total charges
The MS-DRG’s
All of the above
All of the above
In addition to the above, other types include:
- Provider data
- Total charges
- MS-DRG’s
- patient's demographic data,
- Medicare coverage for the claim information,
- charges by specific types of service, and
- ICD codes.
This file is sometimes used for research, but it only
contains Medicare patients.
71
If you have a set of rules that are to be processed by a computer program which involves repetition of a finite number of steps, it is called which of the following?
Algorithm
Baseline data
Audit controls
All of the above
Algorithm
A baseline data is data that tells how a process is currently performing.
This helps to determine how a process performs after a change has been made. Audit controls are mechanisms that will examine activity and then record in an information system.
72
If a facility has the need to move data that is no longer actively being used to a separate data storage unit so that it can be kept long-term, which of the following would be the correct term?
Databasing
Data archiving
Data standards
None of the above
Data archiving
The older data that may be necessary for future referencing can be put in data archiving. The data archives are indexed so that the search capabilities can easily locate and retrieve this information when it is needed.
Data archives is NOT the same as data back-ups.
73
What is a major benefit of using Storage Area Network (SAN) technology in data management?
SAN technology allows healthcare organizations to exchange large amounts of data with other organizations.
SAN technology makes it easier to delete unnecessary data files in large batches of data.
SAN technology allows healthcare organizations to easily mount more and more disc drives to handle their increasing data.
SAN technology is a virtual storage that allows organizations to store massive quantities of data relatively easily.
SAN technology is a virtual storage that allows organizations to store massive quantities of data relatively easily.
SAN allows organizations to integrate fast performance with necessary expandability.
As health data proliferates each year, demands for greater storage options become necessary.
SAN is a virtual storage that can be easily expanded, and allows for quick recall of data and long-term storage.
74
What is the Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom (DIKW) framework? (1989)
It is an organizational protocol for the instruction and training of IT professionals.
It is a structural framework describing the evolution of information in data warehouses.
It is a theoretical framework describing the flow of information within clinical data systems.
It is a theoretical framework describing, in broad terms, what nursing informatics is about.
It is a theoretical framework describing, in broad terms, what nursing informatics is about.
The DIKW framework was developed in 1989.
It stated that data, information, and knowledge were fundamental aspects of nursing informatics.
75
Which of the following might be considered when the healthcare professional is using a mobile device?
Does the organization accept the use of the mobile device.
Does the mobile device support malware protection.
Both A and B
None of the above
Both A and B
Organizations have policies and procedures as to the use of mobile devices such as smart phones, tablets or netbooks.
Each facility should have data back-up, recovery, and secure access to the device.
These considerations might include:
-Does the organization accept the use of the mobile
device.
-Does the mobile device support malware
protection.
-How is the support for the mobile device provided?
76
What does knowledge refer to in the context of the DIKW framework?
The application of data points and different theoretical frameworks to the interpretation of information.
A form of ethics for the application of data.
It refers to well-synthesized information to form meaningful patterns and understanding.
It is what happens when data and information are combined along with ethical clinical standards.
It refers to well-synthesized information to form meaningful patterns and understanding.
Knowledge is essentially the next level of informatics understanding.
Whereas data plus meaning begets information, information plus contextual analysis begets knowledge.
Basically, information is external—it is visible on a page. Knowledge is more internal—it is an awareness that arises from the synthesis and absorption of clusters of information.
77
How might the Omaha System solve the problem of semantic interoperability?
By offering a comprehensive and singular standardized terminology to support nursing practices.
By allowing disparate healthcare-related organizations and professionals to interface more easily.
By establishing a comprehensive set of nomenclature and guidelines to assist in the proper conversion and transfer of EHR information.
By maintaining the existence of metadata in data conversions and easing the process of nursing care.
By offering a comprehensive and singular standardized terminology to support nursing practices.
In 2014, Minnesota became the first state to recommend the Omaha System to be used in all Electronic Health Records.
This was a recent example of how healthcare information tech might better integrate and solve the problem of interoperability. In other words, it provides a solid and time-tested standardized language for use in EHRs.
78
Which of the following would be correct for a
database that is based on its function?
Relational database
Transactional database
Hierarchical database
Network database
Transactional database
Databases can be classified by their functions also. The two types are transactional databases and analytical databases.
79
Which of the following would be considered benefits of telehealth?
A higher quality of care.
Continuity of care.
Improved quality of health record.
All of the above
All of the above
-A higher quality of care.
-Continuity of care.
-Improved quality of health record.
-Centralized health records and
-Incorporation of the healthcare consumer as
an active member of the healthcare team.
Telehealth also leads to better collaboration between the healthcare professionals, the improvement of decision making, the removal of geographic
barriers and lower costs.
80
How does a decision support tool work?
By providing a proper diagnosis for an individual based upon discrete facts.
By helping technicians decide the best way to store archived data.
By providing a list of options for data storage and management.
By providing nurses with varying kinds of information such as treatment outcomes.
By providing nurses with varying kinds of information such as treatment outcomes.
Decision support tools help nurses make decisions about a patient’s treatment based on specific information provided.
An example might include a tool that helps nurses identify poor patient outcomes.
By using their knowledge, they’re able to apply the information provided to make sound clinical decisions.
81
Which of the following is not a way that tablets could improve patient care?
Rather than relying on a desktop computer, nurses can depend on the portability of tablets to take patient notes.
Tablets eliminate the need for printing potentially helpful information for the patient.
Tablets can help with mobile decision support, increasing productivity and workflow.
Tablets allow nurses and patients to interact digitally as well as personally.
Tablets allow nurses and patients to interact digitally as well as personally.
Evidence has shown that using a portable device has a wide range of benefits in the healthcare environment. Chief among them are:
- improvement of workflow and productivity,
- increased information access,
- improved communications, and
- greater mobility.
However, improving patient communication is not necessarily a benefit of tablet use. In fact, it might even be a hindrance to patient communication if a nurse is distracted by the tablet at any given moment.
82
Which statement is not true of the use of SaS informats?
Informats are usually used with flat files.
Informats are usually used with data from internal files.
Informats are named according to their syntax.
SaS informats are used to read data and format that data for output.
Informats are usually used with data from internal files.
SaS informats are used to read external data, in the form of flat files,and format it for output.
There are 3 categories and they are named according to their syntax.
-Flat files are data that is external to the system, and are generally in the form of text or sequential files.
83
The orderly arrangement of a number of values that will group data into columns or rows is considered to be which of the following?
Chart
Graph
Table
Data
Table
Charts and graphs are considered to be the best way for presenting data.
Graphs forms are a good way to present large quantities of data.
84
With telehealth, when the patient and the provider are interacting at the same time using interactive video/television, it would be considered which of the following?
Real-time
Store and forward
Dispensers
Monitoring
Real-time
When the patient and the provider are interacting at the same time using interactive video/television, it would be considered real-time. The oldest form that might be used would be the telephone, but what is commonly used today would be videoconferencing using two-way videos and audio.
85
What is something that healthcare organizations often overlook when preparing their IT Budget?
The cost of outsourced data archival.
Onsite administrative system installment.
Preparing an effective data recovery plan.
How much it will cost to hire technical specialists for technological purposes.
Preparing an effective data recovery plan.
Although data recovery plans are vital to the process of data management and storage, healthcare organizations often overlook the importance of developing an effective and compliant data recovery system. It is imperative that organizations devote time and attention to the development of a data recovery budget; otherwise organizations are at risk of losing data during system downtime or disaster.
86
Of the following, which has become the most popular of the discount usability evaluations?
Display evaluation
Uncommon evaluation
Heuristic evaluation
Common evaluation
Heuristic evaluation
The heuristic evaluation has become the most popular of the discount usability evaluations. The goal of this evaluation is to catch problems in the early stages of the design process and correct them.
87
What is one benefit of a nurse using smart devices in healthcare settings?
Texting the patient’s family in case of emergency.
Accessing reference materials.
Sending electronically protected information.
Sending pictures of patient wounds to other non-organizational healthcare professionals for the sake of interoperability.
Accessing reference materials.
While use of smart phones in the healthcare workplace is still a nascent activity, nurses have reported using them for such things as accessing reference materials on the spot or communicating with other team members not in the building, including the acting physician. In many ways, smart phones are helping to improve and streamline point of care operations by giving nurses information in hand. Moreover, they have great potential to ease the workflow of nurses.
88
The employee has the obligation to be honest about their degrees, work experience, and credentials. This is an obligation that is designated by which of the following?
CEO
ANA
HIM (health information management)
MHI
HIM (health information management)
In addition to the above self, peers, and professionals have the obligation to bring honor to oneself, peers, and to their profession. These are committed to continuing education and a lifetime of learning.
89
The skills that a patient would be considered to have if they are health literate would be which of the following?
They can evaluate information for its quality and credibility.
They can analyze the benefits and risks.
They are information literate.
All of the above
All of the above
Because of the increase in complexity of the healthcare system, the patient needs to be health literate.
Health literate skills would include:
-They need to able to speak their health concerns.
-They need to be able to describe their symptoms accurately.
-They can evaluate information for its quality and credibility.
-They can analyze the benefits and risks.
-They are information literate.
90
In the healthcare profession, there is a constant need for the development of staff based on the fact that there are continuing changes going on. With all the advancements in technology and the increased demand that is presented to the employees to increase productivity, staff development is very important. Which of the following would not be considered one of the four
stages in this development?
Disengagement
Involvement
Mid-career growth
Exploration and trial
Involvement
The four stages that were set are:
1. Exploration and trial,
2. Establishment and advancement,
3. Mid-career growth,
4. Maintenance, decline, and disengagement.
These stages have been helpful when used by
employers to evaluate their employees.
91
The 3 categories of the HL7 EHR system functional model would include which of the following?
Informational intrastructure
Direct care
Both A and B
None of the above
Both A and B
The HL7 EHR (electronic health record) System Functional Model was the very first set of standards approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 2007.
These 3 categories would include:
1. Direct care
2. Supportive
3. Informational intrastructure
92
A neural network can model an individuals entire nervous system. Which
of the following would not be one of these neural network types?
Input units
Output units
Observable units
Hidden units
Observable units
The observable units would not be one of the three types of neural network models.
The three types are:
1. Input (analogs of sensory neurons),
2. Hidden (analogs to all of the other neurons), and
3. Output (analogs of motor neurons).
93
With the EHR (electronic health record), which of the following would be considered a primary use of the system?
Patient self-management
Policy support
Education
Research
Patient self-management
The patient self-management would be considered a primary use.
Secondary Uses of the EHR system:
- Policy support,
- Education,
- Research,
- Regulation,
- Public health and
- Homeland security
94
Which of the following elements would be considered the goal of “realistic” in association with informatics in the healthcare field?
Who
How
When
Why
How
The goal of realistic in association with informatics in the healthcare field would be considered “how.”
An example of this would be when the electronic health record templates are used for capturing structured data.
95
Which of the 4 main categories of the information system that contributes to the electronic health record (EHR) enables the use of data at the point of care?
Source system
Core clinical system
Reporting system
None of the above
Core clinical system
The core clinical system enables use of data at the point of care.
This system includes:
- Reporting
- Results management
- Point-of-care charting
- Medication management
- Clinical decision support systems
96
Orem's general theory of nursing includes all three of the following parts, EXCEPT:
Theory of self care.
Theory of self care deficit.
Theory of physician care.
Theory of nursing system.
Theory of physician care.
Orem's general theory of nursing is made up of three related parts:
1. theory of self care,
2. theory of self care deficit, and
3. theory of nursing system.
Theory of self care focuses on the individual's ability to care for themselves. Theory of self care deficit specifies when nursing is needed. Theory of nursing system describe how the patient's needs will be met, by the nurse, doctor, patient, or a combination.
97
All of the following would be considered non-healthcare instructional settings except?
Clinics
Schools
Businesses
Industries
Clinics
Teaching can be done in healthcare, healthcare supportive or non-healthcare settings. In a healthcare setting, delivery of healthcare is its primary function. Non-healthcare settings provide instruction as an incidental or supportive function of the organization. Examples of non-healthcare setting would include
1. Schools,
2. Industries, and
3. Businesses.
98
Optimization:
Is innovation not maintenance.
Is maintenance not innovation.
Must be performed post-implementation.
Only focuses on workflows of the data.
Is innovation not maintenance.
Optimization is more innovation, rather than maintenance.
It can occur pre-implementation phase, or after the implementation phase of the SDLC.
Optimization focuses not only on workflows, but system functionality and training.
99
Which of the following healthcare information systems would not be included in the administrative information systems?
Monitoring systems
Risk management systems
Scheduling systems
Client registration systems
Monitoring systems
Monitoring systems would be included in the clinical information systems.
Other administration information systems would include:
1. Financial systems,
2. Payroll system
3. Human resource systems,
4. Contract management systems,
5. Quality assurance systems.
6. Risk management systems
7. Scheduling systems
8. Client registration systems
100
Anything that can be stored electronically would be considered which of the following?
Hardware
Scoring
Software
All of the above
Software
Anything that can be stored electronically would be considered software.
This is divided into 2 types:
1. System software and
2. Application software.
101
```
When constructing a migration path for the electronic
health record (EHR), all of the following might be
included except?
```
Mining tools
Goals
Application
Time frame
Mining tools
The five components include:
1. Goals,
2. Application,
3. Time frame,
4. Technology, and
5. Operations.
Mining tools is not one of these five. A migration path helps to resolve issues of sequencing.
102
Which statement is not true of the work flow analysis, performed at the beginning of the design phase?
The work flow analysis measures the rate at which work progresses through the system currently.
The work flow analysis involves improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the process.
The work flow analysis reveals the cost of the performance of the tasks.
The work flow analysis observes how the work is performed currently.
The work flow analysis reveals the cost of the performance of the tasks.
The work flow analysis is an observation of how the data is currently handled and the rate at which it happens. By analyzing this information and observing the processes, improvements can be planned. These changes will improve effectiveness and efficiency. This is not an analysis of cost, and has no considerations of cost.
103
Which of the following Nielsen-Shneiderman Heuristic categories focuses on limiting the amount of data users have to remember in order to use the technology?
Minimize memory load.
Informative feedback.
Flexibility and efficiency.
Good error messages.
Minimize memory load.
User efficiency is a benefit to minimizing the amount of information a task user has to memorize in order to adequately use the technology. Under this category, the use of sample formats for data input is present.
104
Project management practice will not include which of the following?
Definition of who is responsible for doing a certain task.
The definition of the scope of the project.
Determining the cause.
The determination of outcomes that are wanted.
Determining the cause
In addition to the above, doing a review of the analysis and feasibility would be included, along with identifying the tasks within the project.
105
The scope and characteristics of an EHR (electronic health record) might include which of the following?
They might require great attention to detail
They concern something new which involves uncertainty and change.
Both A and B
None of the above
Both A and B
These might include:
1. They might require great attention to detail.
2. They concern something new which involves uncertainty and change.
3. They have a defined beginning and end.
4. They are a line function.
106
All of the following would be needed when planning a project except?
Follow-up
Assessing
Feedback
Data collection
Assessing
```
These needs could include:
Follow-up
Reporting
Feedback
Instruction
Building consensus
Meeting management
Data collection
```
107
When planning education, selecting and evaluating the material is very important. Which of the following would not be correct for things to check on for the technical production of the material?
The visual material should be clear and focused.
The audio part of the visual should be clear.
The instructor should actively engage with the learner.
Does the audio part of the visual have any distracting background noise?
The instructor should actively engage with the leaner.
1. The visual material should be clear and focused.
2. The audio part of the visual should be clear.
3. Does the audio part of the visual have any distracting background noise?
4. The image composition, legibility of the text
from a distance, and the pace of the narrator should be checked.
**The instructional design would include the instructor should actively engage with the learner.
108
The common features of the monitoring systems with the health information system (HIS) would include which of the following?
The system will have alarms which will alert the nurses.
The system has download capabilities.
The system keeps track of any abnormal findings.
All of the above
All of the above
These common features includes:
The system will have alarms which will alert the nurses.
The system has download capabilities.
The system keeps track of any abnormal findings.
The system should include portable monitoring systems.
109
Which of the following does the D stand for in SCODF?
Diagnosis
Direction
Duty
Doers
Doers
```
SCODF stands for
S-starters
C-creators
O-overseers
D-doers
F-finishes
```
110
During the planning phase, many different aspects need to be considered before the design begins. Which of the below options is not considered at this point of the project?
Identify all of the stakeholders involved in the project.
What is the work flow of the project?
What problem is the project solving?
How will the employees be trained to use the system?
How will the employees be trained to use the system?
When in the planning phase, there are many considerations that must be addressed to design a system useful to the organization:
1. Who are the stakeholders,
2. What problem is the system solving, and
3. What is the work flow for the project?
This phase does not address implementation and training of the employees in the system.
111
Nursing informatics helps to play an important role in the
improvement of health by which of the following?
Sets up programs for the computer.
Development of standard languages.
Both A and B
None of the above
Development of standard languages.
Also:
1. Nursing informatics facilitates consumer acceptance, 2. Use of technology, and
3. Helps contribute to the nursing's scientific
body of knowledge.
The setting up of programs for computers
is important, but would not necessarily be included in nursing informatics.
112
Potential problems which might be seen with the use of wireless connectivity are?
Corrupt drivers
Network connection problems
Downloading all updates
Both A and B
Both A and B
Some of these potential problems could include:
Corrupt drivers
Network connection problems
The missing of updates
Software problems
The wireless network adapter might not be enabled.
113
Why might three-dimensional displays be problematic in representing data?
Three-dimensional displays may cause confusion for a reader because of the angles involved.
Three-dimensional displays present more information than necessary.
Three-dimensional displays often underrepresent or misrepresent certain kinds of data.
Three-dimensional displays offer added dimensions of data that distract the audience.
Three-dimensional displays may cause confusion for a reader because of the angles involved.
According to cognitive research, three-dimensional displays often confuse whoever’s looking at them by adding in an unnecessary visual element. If the reader is supposed to study the visual element, the design is simply too complex. That being said, 3D displays do not offer add dimensions of data--just added visual dimensions. A 3D pie chart is not going to present any more information than a 2D one. Essentially, simplicity is more effective in data representation no matter what.
114
Which of the following is not a reason why proper data representation is critical to healthcare practice?
Because information often involves lots of raw data, it is necessary for both practitioner and patient to have accessible representations of said data to analyze and utilize in practice.
Semantic interoperability remains a challenge in healthcare simply because there is no standardization of data representation across organizations and regions.
By combining graphic design and communications theory, data can be accurately represented in accessible visual information designs.
Proper data representation is the only way to carry out meaningful exchanges of data between HCOs.
Proper data representation is the only way to carry out meaningful exchanges of data between HCOs.
Proper data representation continues to be an important and equally difficult area of data management. Perhaps the most difficult and time-consuming part of using digital data is the process of interpreting and developing the information so that it’s accessible to practitioners and patients, and is thus easier to transmit data between practitioners and organizations. While interoperability remains a pressing and vital aspect of big data in healthcare, proper data representation alone is not enough to ensure meaningful exchanges of information without loss of metatags and other important traces of information.
115
Of the following, which is correct for the standard that helps to establish and provide clear and uniform definitions of the EHR (electronic health record) data elements?
CLSI
HIBCC
Structure and content standards
ISO
Structure and content standards
These actually specify the data type that is be collected in
each field. The value of the data field should also be stated.
116
Which of the following is not a category of metadata?
Application.
Document.
File System.
Encrypted.
Encrypted.
There are four categories of metadata. These are:
1. application,
2. document,
3. file system, and
4. embedded.
While metadata may indicate sensitive information, such information is not encrypted.
117
What is involved in building a disaster list in a data recovery plan?
Cataloguing possible high-impact and high-probability catastrophes and natural disasters.
Making a list of potentially vulnerable protected data.
Making a list of disaster-relief IT experts with access to sensitive data.
Building into the DRP failsafe mechanisms in case of disaster.
Cataloguing possible high-impact and high-probability catastrophes and natural disasters.
Making a disaster list is an important part of building an effective disaster recovery plan. The first step in doing so compiling a list of possible disasters that might have a high impact on data loss. Factoring this into the plan helps IT personnel justify investment in expensive data backup systems and recovery applications.
118
Which of the following does Metadata include?
Audit logs
Temporary information
Both A and B
None of the above
Both A and B
The metadata can include:
- audit logs
- temporary information.
- file attributes,
- software codes,
- alerts
- pop-ups, and
- information system maintenance information.
119
The National Practitioner Data Bank, State Administrative Data Banks, and which of the following might be national administrative databases?
Healthcare Integrity and Protection DataBase
National banks
Medicare Provider Analysis and Review
Both A and C
Both A and C
Some of the national administrative databases could include:
1. Healthcare Integrity and Protection DataBase
2. Medicare Provider Analysis and
3. Review State Administrative Data Banks
120
How does a referential database enhance retrieval medical information?
By offering a single point of medical information and resources for healthcare professionals.
By offering consumer content components to patients.
By offering charter-specific content for organizations.
By offering content sources for public use and linking services.
By offering a single point of medical information and resources for healthcare professionals.
Referential databases are Internet databases that offer single points of medical information. Such information includes journal articles and abstracted information. Examples are OVID ONLINE and MEDLINE.
121
Which of the following statements would be the most
correct one for the description of semantics?
A term that is used to describe the fact that the
data value in the message is standardized.
A process that confirms the consensus of term meanings.
The codes that are used for reimbursement of physician services.
Set of terms that may be used in language.
A term that is used to describe the fact that the
data value in the message is standardized.
The standardization of terms in the medical profession is a must.
The transmission of the clinical information from one site to another requires the same language be used.
122
What is the function of the Reference Information Model in the HL7?
It is a minor function meant to provide reference for electronically transmitted HL7 messages.
It is a preliminary model made for the purpose of submitting insurance information.
It expresses the data content necessary in a specific clinical or administrative context with a representation of the semantic and lexical connections that exist in HL7 messages.
It expresses the data content needed in clinical contexts and provides a standardized model of semantic representation in HL7 messages for use strictly in clinical settings.
It expresses the data content necessary in a specific clinical or administrative context with a representation of the semantic and lexical connections that exist in HL7 messages.
RIM is the foundation of HL7 V3 and a significant aspect of the development methodology. It is used in both clinical and administrative contexts, and offers lexical and semantic representations of the connections present in HL7 messages.
123
Right now, data mining in healthcare remains a relatively academic pursuit. However, with the use of three specific systems, data mining could become an effective means of improving care. What are these specific systems?
Analytics systems.
Evidence-based practice systems.
Adoption systems.
Analytic systems, evidence-based practice systems, and adoption systems.
Analytic systems, evidence-based practice systems, and adoption systems.
By making use of these three systems, analytics, best practice systems, and adoption systems, healthcare organizations would be able to use data mining in directly effective ways. It would allow data mining to move into a practical territory in the industry.
124
With data comparability standards, which of the
following statements would be the most correct
at this time?
These standards are limited to the exchanging
of data from one system to another.
These standards can exchange from any of
the multiple systems.
These standards do not allow for the exchange of
data from one system to another.
None of the above
These standards are limited to the exchanging
of data from one system to another.
With the exchange of the data, at this time there is no assurance that the vocabulary of one system is the same as in the other system that it is being transferred to. These limitations will be changing as technology advances.
125
With the adult learner, there are three categories that describe the general orientation toward continuous learning. Which of the following would not be one of these categories?
Psycho-social learners
Learning oriented learners
Goal-oriented learners
Activity-oriented learners
Psycho-social learners
The three categories are goal-oriented, activity-oriented, and learning-oriented learners. The psycho-social learner is not one of the categories. The people in these three categories often initiate learning.
126
In what step of the root cause analysis process will the question "How will the solution be implemented" MOST likely be asked?
Define the problem.
Collect data.
Identify possible causal factors.
Recommend and implement solutions.
Recommend and implement solutions.
Five steps are used in the root cause analysis process. The fifth step is recommended and implement solutions. This question would be asked in this step " How will the solution be implemented?" The first four steps are: define the problem, collect data, identify possible causal factors, identify the root cause or causes.
127
Which of the following would be considered correct for the HL7 EHR S2?
Workflow management
Care management
Measurement, analysis, research, and reports
None of the above
Measurement, analysis, research, and reports
Workflow management would be considered IN7.
Care management would be considered DC1.
Measurement, analysis, research, and reports would be considered S2.
128
In what step of the root cause analysis process will the question "What do you see happening" MOST likely be asked?
Define the problem.
Collect data.
Identify possible causal factors.
Identify the root cause or causes
# Define the problem.
The root cause analysis process involves multiple steps. The first step is to define the problem. In this step, one will ask "What do you see happening?" The other 4 steps are: collect data, identify possible causal factors, identify the root cause or causes, and recommend and implement solutions.
129
All of the following might be considered baseline data except?
Time to complete steps
Number of errors
Volume of work
Assessments and implementation
Assessments and implementation
```
This data might include:
Time to complete steps
Number of errors
Volume of work
Near-misses identified
```
130
How many conditions must be met for an issue to be considered medical malpractice?
2.
3.
4.
5.
3.
Malpractice is the term used when a medical professional causes an injury to a patient due to negligence. To be considered medical malpractice, 3 conditions must be met. They are:
1. violation to a standard of care,
2. the injury was caused by negligence, and
3. the injury resulted in significant damages.
131
Which of the following is not a reason that a covered entity is allowed to use or disclose PHI without a person's authorization?
For incident to an otherwise permitted use and disclosure.
Public interest and benefit activities.
Limited data set for the purpose of research or health care operations.
To the individual's immediate or distant family.
To the individual's immediate or distant family.
There are 6 reasons that allow a covered entity to use and disclose PHI without an individual's authorization. A covered entity can do this in the following situations:
1. to the individual;
2. for treatment, payment and health care operations;
3. for opportunity to agree or object;
4. for incident to an otherwise permitted use and disclosure;
5. public interest and benefit activities;
6. limited data set for the purpose of research or health care operations.
All other reasons require written authorization by the patient.
132
Failure Modes and Effect Analysis benefits could include all of the following except?
Emphasizes problem prevention
Increasing problems
Documents the risk
Minimizes the cost associated with late charges
Increasing problems
These benefits could include;
Emphasizes problem prevention
Documents the risk
Minimizes the cost associated with late charges
Captures organizational knowledge
Increases customer satisfaction
Improved testing/development is focused on
Prioritizing process deficiencies
Documents actions taken to help decrease risk
Minimizes late changes
Helps to promote teamwork
133
In the field of INS (informatics nurse specialist), which of the following would the project manager use?
Informational projection
Team-building skills
Resources
Both B and C
Both B and C
```
The project manager uses:
Team-building skills
Resources
Communication
Organizational planning
```
134
The nurse should know that the most important person in the educational equation would be considered which of the following?
Physician
Physical therapist
Nurse/teacher
Patient/learner
Patient/learner
One of the largest responsibilities of the nurse in the profession today is that of being a teacher. The most important person in the educational equation would be considered the patient or person learning.
135
The Graves model defines knowledge as:
"Discrete entities described objectively without interpretation."
"Data that is interpreted, organized, or structured."
"Information that is synthesized so that relationships are identified and formalized."
"The appropriate application of knowledge to the management and solution of human problems."
"Information that is synthesized so that relationships are identified and formalized."
"Discrete entities described objectively without interpretation" is the definition of data, and "data that is interpreted, organized, or structured", the definition of information in this model. "The appropriate application of knowledge to the management and solution of human problems" defines wisdom, which is outlined in R. Nelson's model.
136
Which of the following is included in the 7 principles
that apply to the e-learning process?
The students have the opportunity to practice and
also receive feedback.
Contact between the student and the instructor
is important whether it be in class or out of class.
Respect for the different styles of learning
All of the above
All of the above
In addition to the above, the principles include such things as the importance of the student and teacher contact. A collaboration of learning between the staff and the students, teaching techniques that are active, and the use of strategies that help the student to learn are also considered to be principles.
137
Which of the following terms is organizational behavior modification theory often interchanged with?
Calculated theory
Specified theory
Reinforcement theory
None of the above
Reinforcement theory
The terms Reinforcement theory and organizational behavior modification theory are often used interchangeably.
These 2 theories help deal with the changing of behaviors. The use of rewards or punishments can definitely effect performances. Some examples of this would be if behavior leads to a positive result, the nurse tends to repeat it and if the behavior leads to a negative result, the nurse tends to not repeat it.
138
With all the advancements being made in technology, there is a need for the terminologies that support nursing practice to be standardized. Which of the following demands on health care knowledge and
the information would not be correct?
Reusability
Accessibility
Unobserved
Ubiquity
Unobserved
The information that is gathered needs to be accessible in order to provide for better care for the patients. This information should be available anywhere and be useful for a range of purposes. In addition, the information
should be able to be used beyond the present clinical encounter. Unobserved is not one of these demands
139
In 1996, the HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) was passed. Which of the following laws covers this act?
223-338
100-228
099-140
104-191
104-191
The HIPAA is the act covered by the 104-191 law that was passed in 1996. This is the law which helps to protect the security and privacy of the patient’s information along with other things.
140
Which of the following is a project that addresses the challenge of helping prepare future nurse with the needed knowledge, attitudes, and skills that are needed to improve the quality and safety of the healthcare system?
Six Sigma.
TQM.
LEAN.
QSEN.
QSEN.
QSEN is an acronym for Quality and Safety Education for Nurses. This is used to address the challenges of helping prepare future nurses with knowledge, attitudes, and skills that are needed to improve the quality and safety in the medical system. It also has 6 competencies. They are:
1. patient-centered care,
2. teamwork and collaboration,
3. evidence-based practice,
4. quality improvement,
5. safety, and
6. informatics.
141
The EHR steering committee might be composed of which of the following?
Executive sponsor
Trainers
Both A and B
None of the above
Both A and B
```
The committee might be composed of:
Executive sponsor
Trainers
Project manager
HIM professional
User representative
IT professionals
Internal consultants
Corporate compliance official
Information privacy official
Information security official
```
142
Ergonomics has how many types?
2.
3.
4.
5.
3.
Ergonomics is associated with designing and arranging things that individuals use so that the individuals and things interact in an efficient and safe manner. It has three types. They are: physical, cognitive, and organizational.
143
Color can be used in a meaningful way, in that it can alert the user to certain conditions. Which of the below listings is not correct, according to the industry standards?
Red = stop, extreme alert, emergency, hot.
Green = proceed, acceptable, normal.
Blue = advisory, cold.
Yellow = Restricted, unacceptable, more data necessary.
Yellow
All of the above options are correct, except for yellow. There are no colors denoted for more data necessary and restricted access in particular. Yellow is, in fact, used as a warning, proceed with caution, and also a mild or moderate alert.
144
With the information life cycle, which of the phases does the response evaluation procedure belong?
Phase 2
Phase 4
Phase 3
Phase 1
Phase 2
There are only 2 phases, which are the needs assessment and system selection. The development of the response evaluation procedure belongs in the system selection phase.
145
When collecting data for the evaluation of healthcare
education, which of the following would not be included?
Data about people.
Data about the environment.
Data about the data.
Data about the educational program
Data about the data
The data that is collected about people is typically about physical, psycho-motor, and cognitive.
The data that is collected about the environment is typically about such things as the lighting, location,
temperature, space, noise level or layout.
The data collected about the educational program can include such things as the teaching-learning methods, cost, number of educators required, length of the program, and the material that will be needed.
146
In the five levels of learner evaluation, which one would include the performance and satisfaction of the learner after intervention?
Level IV
Level 0
Level II
Level I
Level II
Level 0 would be the learner's dissatisfaction and
readiness to learn.
Level I would include the learner's participation and satisfaction that is during the intervention.
Level II would include the performance and satisfaction of the learner after intervention
Level III would be the learner's performance and attitude in daily setting and
Level IV would include the maintained performance and attitude of the learner.
147
What is the first step of the project management process?
Initiating.
Separating.
Planning.
Executing.
Initiating.
Project management is used in business to help achieve goals and help meet certain criteria. The process has 5 steps. The steps go as follows:
1. initiating,
2. planning,
3. executing,
4. monitoring and controlling, and
5. closing.
148
Of the following, which would be considered appropriate project management practice?
Definition of the scope of the project.
Determining the cause.
A review of the feasibility.
Both A and C
Both A and C
```
These might be considered appropriate:
Definition of the scope of the project.
Performing a review of the analysis.
A review of the feasibility.
Identifying the tasks within the project
```
149
What step of the project management process involves properly allocating resources?
Initiating.
Planning.
Controlling.
Executing.
Executing.
To help reach and complete goals, the project management process is used. This process uses five steps. They include: initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing. The third step is executing and involves properly allocating resources to complete the goal.
150
Which of these is the first step for planning and conducting usability tests?
Definition of purpose.
Assessment of constraints.
Use of an HCI framework to refine each component.
Emphasis on component of interest.
Definition of purpose.
There are five basic steps to planning and conducting usability tests. In order, they are:
Definition of purpose
Assessment of constraints
Use of an HCI framework to refine each component
Emphasis on components of interest
Matching methods to the purpose, constraints, and framework assessment
151
Of the following, which would be considered one of the information life cycle phases?
Assessment selection
Definitive selection
System selection
None of the above
System selection
There are only 2 phases of the information life cycle:
1. System selection
2. Needs assessment
152
The 2 principle components of the ongoing assessments would be considered which of the following?
Assessments of the disabilities
Providing feedback
Establishing the criteria
Both B and C
Both B and C
With ongoing assessments, feedback needs to occur frequently throughout the process and needs to be developed from a variety of perspectives.
These 2 principles components of ongoing assessments would include:
1. Providing feedback
2. Establishing the criteria
153
Strategy planning’s 5 models includes which of the following?
Believable
Adjusting
Alignment
None of the above
Alignment
```
These 5 models include:
Alignment
Organic
Scenario
Basic and issue-based
```
154
Telehealth can provide which of the following?
Continuity of care
A higher quality of care
Improved quality of health record
All of the above
All of the above
These benefits could include:
1. Provides centralized health records
2. Incorporation of the healthcare consumer as an active member of the healthcare team.
3. Improved collaboration between healthcare professionals
4. The improvement of decision making
5. The removal of geographic barriers
6. Lower costs
7. Continuity of care
8. A higher quality of care
9. Improved quality of health record
155
Structured query language (SQL) would be considered?
The structure of the policies of the facility.
The use of procedural language.
The language used in shorthand.
The language which a computer uses for data transformation.
The language which a computer uses for data transformation.
The correct term for the language which a computer uses for data transformation would be considered SQL. This is responsible for the management of the information which resides in the data management system.
156
With electronic health records (EHR), the primary data is entered. When this happens, what is this data then considered?
Stewardship source
Summaries source
Secondary data source
Primary data source
Secondary data source
The patient’s EHR is the primary data source. When the primary data is entered, it is then considered the secondary data source.
157
What is a primary example of a single application that runs on an OLTP database?
Cerner CareNet Solutions.
HIE (health information exchange).
EHR (electronic health record).
EHR (electronic health record).
OLTP (Online Transactional Processing) is a category of data processing that is focused on transaction-oriented tasks. OLTP typically involves inserting, updating, and/or deleting small amounts of data in a database. OLTP mainly deals with large numbers of transactions by a large number of users.
EHR is one of the most commonly run applications on OLTP databases. One benefit of the EHR running on an OLTP is that transactional response times are lightning fast. This speeds up the patient care process so a healthcare organization is not hindered by clunky databases.
158
What is the downside of a bottom-up DW model?
It requires massive amounts of manual data input.
Data marts require the help of technicians who inevitably have access to sensitive data.
Developing a single data model or schema is time-consuming and devalues the DW.
Large-scale analysis and reporting across different data marts are nearly impossible to achieve without the implementation of a complementary top-down schema.
Large-scale analysis and reporting across different data marts is nearly impossible to achieve without the implementation of a complementary top-down schema.
The biggest downside to bottom-up DW models is that large-scale analysis is difficult without a complementary top-down model in place to properly sort the data. However, bottom-up models are cost-effective so ultimately it’s worth the time it takes to install one.
159
The data exchange standards advantages could include?
Help in the exchange of information
Communicate within and across disciplines
Compare information at international, national or even regional levels
All of the above
All of the above
These advantages could include:
Help in the exchange of information.
Communicate within and across disciplines
Compare information at international, national or even regional levels
Helps to integrate disparate data systems
Helps to share information
Helps to link data in a secure environment.
160
What is the most common type of database used in healthcare?
Online Transaction Processing database.
Operational database.
Project-Level Aid database.
Object-Oriented database.
Online Transaction Processing database (OLTP)
The most commonly used type of database in healthcare is the Online Transaction Processing database, or OLTP. It is the kind of database that a single computer application would run on. Such applications ran on OLTP include EHRs. Often, an organization will have many OLTPs running at one time.
161
What is one major benefit of using Windows 10 OS to run all electronic health systems in an organization?
Windows 10 Edge Browser offers a new and improved web browsing software capable of handling web-based EMRs and other applications.
Windows 10 is powerful enough to keep data archival and backup onsite without bogging down system performance.
Windows 10 Edge Browser offers a new and improved web browsing software capable of running data mining services.
Windows 10 comes complete with an internal standardized processing language for medical terminology that's quickly easing interoperability issues in healthcare.
Windows 10 Edge Browser offers a new and improved web browsing software capable of handling web-based EMRs and other applications.
Windows 10 is rapidly becoming the go-to option for healthcare technology systems. With its vast array of capabilities and operating system compatibility with older software, it’s a way to keep a tech system up to date without spending more than necessary. Moreover, it allows for the seamless integration of many different applications into one space.
162
What is a solid form of data representation that involves connecting time and data trends?
Flowcharts.
Bar charts.
Line graphs.
Tree maps.
Line graphs.
There are many different ways to express data. It is important to know which format will properly convey the necessary information. If an organization is trying to convey a time-based trend, xy graphs offer a simple, accessible method by which to do so.
163
Of the following, which is a recognized and accredited
healthcare vocabulary?
SNOMED-CT
ANSI
CAP
ICD
SNOMED-CT
This is the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms.
This was actually developed by the College of American Pathologists (CAP).
The ANSI is American National Standards Institute and
The ICD is a system used for the classification of diseases and procedures.
164
Which of the following software products is currently recognized by NIDSEC (Nursing Information and Data Set Evaluation Center. ... The American Nurses Association (ANA) has established the Nursing Information and Data Set Evaluation Center (NIDSEC)?
Cerner Corporation CareNet Solutions
BlueSky Medical Software
MEDITECH Web Ambulatory
Practice Fusion EHR Technologies
Cerner Corporation CareNet Solutions
As of 2004, Cerner Corporation’s CareNet Solutions was recognized by NIDSEC as meeting all of their evaluation criteria. This means that CareNet Solutions adheres to the standardized language guidelines put forth by NIDSEC.
165
The use of wireless connectivity is ever advancing. Which of the following could be potential problems that could be seen with the wireless connections?
The missing of updates.
Internet cables that are not connected properly.
Software problems
All of the above
All of the above
All of the above could have the potential to cause problems with a wireless connection. In addition to these:
* the wireless network adapter switch might not be enabled,
* corrupt drivers or
* network connections problems could be the problem.
166
When attempting to improve the human-technology interface,
which of the following would not be included?
There should be formal evaluations taking place.
There is not a need for evaluation.
During the interface design, the users must be a continuous focus.
The design process should allow for both the evaluation and
the correction of problems.
There is not a need for evaluation.
Axiom 1: During the interface design, the users must be a continuous focus.
Axiom 2: The design process should allow for both the evaluation and the correction of problems.
Axiom 3: There should be formal evaluations taking place.
167
Which of the following is not a benefit of using images or pictures to represent data in presenting such information?
People are better able to understand images and pictures than numbers, rows, and columns.
Images and pictures make it easier for a presenter to illustrate different relational contexts of the data.
The brain can only synthesize so much information at a given time. Images allow audiences to absorb more information in less time.
Images and pictures allow for the retention and representation of sensitive and fragile data.
Images and pictures allow for the retention and representation of sensitive and fragile data.
Visual elements such as images and pictures are an essential part of representing healthcare data. Often, healthcare execs must present data to a number of different entities, such as stakeholders, clinical staff, and human resources. Images are an easily accessible way to convey data across different audiences. That being said, sensitive and fragile data tend not to be viable forms of information to use in data presentations.
168
Which of the following terms is correct for the organized
collection of data?
Retention
Standards
Database
Clinical base
Database
The database systems that are used today are typically
relational databases. A relational database is similar to a
spreadsheet.
