random mt recalls (more on lab safety, hema, phleb, clin chem) Flashcards
normal blood pH
7.35 to 7.45
occurs when serum pH is higher than normal
alkalemia ( > 7.45)
specimen collection and processing is under which part of quality assurance program?
pre-analytical phase
length of needle usually used in routine phlebotomy
1.0 - 1.5 inches
“no hazard” is what degree of hazard?
0 - no degree hazard
1 - slight hazard
2- moderate hazard
3 - extreme hazard
4 - serious hazard
It is a sample of known quantity with several analytes present.
control
normal values of platelet estimate (uL)
200,000 to 400,000 uL
what are the possible route of infection in the microbiology laboratory?
airborne, ingestion, direct inoculation, mucous membrane contact, arthropod vector
give the possible route of infection in the microbiology laboratory:
- infectious sources are fleas
arthropod vector
give the possible route of infection in the microbiology laboratory:
- aerosols form during centrifugation of unstoppered tubes
airborne
give the possible route of infection in the microbiology laboratory:
- eating after failure to wash hands
ingestion
give the possible route of infection in the microbiology laboratory:
- infection may result from needle sticks, broken glass, animal bites, or small scratches on the skin
direct inoculation
give the possible route of infection in the microbiology laboratory:
- infection directly enter through conjunctiva of the eye
mucous membrane contact
why do we need to follow the order of draw?
to prevent carry over of the additives from one tube to the next and interfere with testing results
tourniquet should be securely wrapped around unclothe arm about ________ above selected site.
3 to 4 inches (7.5-10 cm)
true or false
- the higher the gauge, the smaller the diameter
true
routinely, what are the gauge needles used?
19, 20, 21 (steininger)
20, 21, 22 (brown)
convenient and commonly used technique for making peripheral blood smears
wedge smear
enumerate the order of draw.
- blood-culture tube (yellow)
- sodium citrate tube (light blue)
- serum tubes with or without clot activator or gel separator (red, gold, or red-gray marbled stopper)
- heparin tubes (green or light green)
- EDTA (lavender)
- Oxalate or Fluoride tubes (gray)
RBC thoma pipet dilution?
DF = 200 or 100
Dilute to 101
aspirate to 0.5 or 1.0
WBC thoma pipet dilution?
DF = 20 or 10
Dilute to 11
aspirate to 0.5 or 1.0
it refers to time ordering a test through analysis in the lab to charting of the report
turnaround time (TAT)
it is the most widely used plan for quality improvement in health care
Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA)
these are processes that affect the reporting of results and correct interpretation of data
post analytical factors
In NFPA, symbol relating to health hazard is color-coded as _________
blue
In NFPA, color white codes for __________
specific hazard
In NFPA, color yellow codes for __________
reactivity or instability hazard
In NFPA, color red codes for __________
fire hazard
picture the symbol of biohazard
search nalang di ako naka pro
give the color coding of medical waste disposal:
sharp and needles
red
give the color coding of medical waste disposal:
infectious waste
yellow
give the color coding of medical waste disposal:
chemical wastes
yellow with black band
give the color coding of medical waste disposal:
non infectious, wet
green
give the color coding of medical waste disposal:
non infectious, dry
black
give the color coding of medical waste disposal:
radioactive wastes
orange
true or false
you should ‘AAA’ always add acid to water
true
normal stool pH
between 7 and 8
these processes directly affect testing of specimens. they include reagents, equipment, QC, instrumentation.
analytical factors
purplish red pinpoint hemorrhagic spots in the skin caused by loss of capillary ability to withstand normal blood pressure and trauma
petechiae
measures how long it takes your blood to form a clot, test of choice for monitoring therapy with unfractionated heparin
APTT/PTT
measures how quickly your blood forms a clot, help detect and diagnose a bleeding disorder or excessive clotting disorder
PT
thrombin-sensitive coagulation proteins
I, V, VIII, XIII
(1, 5, 8, 13)
adsorbed plasma
II, VII, IX, X
(2, 7, 9, 10)
contact family
XII, XI, prekallikrein, HMWK
blood-to-anticoagulant ratio
9:1
What is the simplest way to break the chain of infection?
handwashing
It is the measurement of an organization’s products of services against specific standards for comparison and improvement.
benchmarking
if blood pressure cuff is to be used as tourniquet, it is inflated to _________
40-60 mmHg
give at least 3 test na needed ang fasting
FBS, OGTT, TAG, Lipid Panel, Gastrin, Insulin
proper collection of a sample recovery of Enterobius vermicularis
scotch tape preparation from perianal region
correct order of draw for venipuncture:
a. red, blue, purple, gray
b. red, green, lavender, gray
c. blue, yellow, red lavender
d. blue, red, gray, green
b
the most preferred vein for venipuncture
median cubital vein
what is the proper way to test for urine color?
check urine against white background
diamond symbol: blue
health hazard
microhematocrit method involves centrifugation for how many minutes?
5 mins
counter-ion of sodium
chloride
the peripheral blood smear of a healthy 10 year old patient would appear as ___________
normocytic. normochromic
3rd layer of spun hematocrit
1 - fatty layer
2 - plasma
3 - buffy coat
4 - packed rbcs
centrifuge calibration should be done
a. monthly
b. annually
c. quarterly
d. semi-annually
c
RACE stands for
rescue, alarm, contain, extinguish
PASS stands for
pull the pin
aim at the base of the fire
squeeze handles
sweep nozzle side to side
most commonly used method for preserving urine
store in ref
If antecubital veins are unsuitable for venipuncture, what are the alternative sites?
a. foot and hand
b. wrist and hand
c. wrist and foot
b
most preferred sample for POCT
capillary blood
AST and ALT are under which classification of enzymes?
transferases
clinical significance of ALP
hepatic and bone disorder
clinical significance of CK
myocardial infarction and skeletal muscle disorder
clinical significance of lipase
acute pancreatitis
major factor producing false elevations is ____
hemolysis
causative agent of syphilis
Treponema pallidum
