random/mitakes Flashcards
not covered: sankey diagrams, H-R diagram
what are the conditions for something to be inversly proportional?
- the lines never touch the axis
x x y = constant
(any x coordinate timesd my any y coordinate will always have the same product)
what are some types of thermal energy transfer?
conduction (direct transfer), convection (liquids and gases), radiation (indirect)
what is the independant variable?
the thing you change in the experiment
what is the dependant variable?
what you are measuring
control variable?
the thing you are keeping the same
compare 2 stars of different sizes and their journey
- they both become nebulas and protostars
- they both become main sequence stars
- the star with the higher mass will become a red supergiant and will then become a supernoves, neutron star
- the star with the mass lower than the sun will become a red giant, and then it will become a white dwarf
when does the energy transfer from hot to cold stop?
this stops when the thermal equilibrium is reached
what are the usual units for ditance, time, density
d - metres
d - kg/m3 or g/cm3
t - seconds
what is the definition of elastic behavior?
when an object can be stretched and can return to its original position when the FORCE IS REMOVED
why type of magnet is steel?
a hard magnetic material
if a wire moves between a magnet, how is a voltage induced?
the wire cutrs field lines
what does high frequency mean
highger energy
what are some examples of background radiation
cosmic rays, medical equipment, radon gas, sunlight, soil/rocks
what stops alpha radiation?
5cm paper
what stops gamma radiation?
lead which is ceveral cm thick. concrete - 1m thick
note: it spreads out in air without being absorbed
what stops beta radiation?
aluminium sheet of about 1 m
what are some (other) things affecting thinking distance?
medication + drugs
what affects breaking distance?
worn out tyres, icy road conditions, faulty break pads, uphill/downhill, mass
what affects both braking and thinking distance
speed
what happens when a ray refracts in glass?
glass is denser than air so the refracted ray travels AWAY from the boundary
what shoudl you assume wiht other mediums other than air?
everything is denser than air (so it will also have a higher refractive index)
what is the refractive index of air?
1
what is total internal reflection?
complete reflection of a ray of light within a medium such as water or glass from the surrounding surfaces back into the medium. The starting point is always coming fro the denser material
what do resistors do in a current?
they make sure the circuit isn’t short circuited - controls the flow of current in a circuit
