Random Med. Facts Flashcards
Where can you measure a pulse?
Radial, brachial, apical
What is the pulse rate of bradycardia?
Less than 50 BPM
What is the pulse rate of tachycardia?
More than 100 BPM
How long should you listen to an apical pulse?
1 minute.
What should you do if you have an irregular radial pulse?
After palpating you should check the apical pulse.
How should you count a radial artery? And what should you do if the radial pulse is irregular?
30 x 2 for normal
1 minute for irregular
Switch to apical with auscultation if irregular
What is a normal pulse range?
50-95 BPM
When counting a radial pulse what number should you start with?
Zero
When counting a respirator breath what number should you start with?
1
What is the normal rate of respiration?
Adults: 10-20/minute
Children: 20-40/minute
Describe tachypnea and bradypnea rates.
Tachypnea: above 20/minute
Bradypnea: less than 10/minute
What is a respiratory rate of zero?
Apnea
What is diurnal rhythm?
When patterns change according to the time of day.
Ex. Internal temperature is lower in the morning and higher in the evening.
Rate of hypertension?
140/90
Hypotension rate?
90/60
Orthostatic hypotension rate?
A drop of 20 from the recorded sitting BP or an increase in pulse of 20.
What is the proper order for checking vital signs?
Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure.
What does etiology mean?
Cause or origin
What’s another word for white?
Pallor
What’s another word for red?
Erythema
What’s another word for blue?
Cyanosis
What’s another word for yellow?
Jaundice
Describe edema
Fluid build up in the intercostal spaces
Where should you check for edema?
Ankle malleolus or tibia
What is a cherry angiomas?
It’s a broken blood vessel under the skin.
Normally get them around age 30 or older.
They don’t go away on their own.
What test is used to check for dehydration?
Mobility and turgor.
Mobility is when you pinch and life the skin under the clavicle
Turgor- is its ability to return back to place.
Tenting: occurs when skin is not able to return back. This means dehydration
Where should you check skin turgor?
Skin under the clavicle
What instrument should you use for lesions?
Woods light- illuminates fungal infections
Alopecia
Bald spot or hairless area
How to check hair for lice?
Separate hair into 1in sections and wear gloves!
What’s the max amount of time it should take for capillary refill?
2-3 seconds
What does it mean when you have a capillary refill longer than 2 seconds?
Improper circulation of blood
Peripheral vascular disorder
What rule should you use for skin examination?
ABCDE rule
When examining a mole you should…
A: asymmetry B: border irregularities C: color D: diameter- greater than 6mm E: elevation, enlargement
