random genetic terminology

Question 1

Pleiotropy

Answer 1

single gene. multiple traits

ex: sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, phenylketonuria, and Marfan syndrome etc…

Question 2

defined as the ability of the test to correctly identify those with the disease (true positive rate), affects the proportion of actual positives which are correctly identified.

Answer 2

sensitivity

Question 3

defined as the ability of the test to correctly identify those without the disease (true negative rate), affects the proportion of actual negatives that are correctly identified as such.

Answer 3

Specificity

Question 4

test calculates the probability that persons with a positive test result truly have the disease.

Answer 4

PPV

Question 5

arises when a new population is established by a relatively small number of individuals from a larger population.

Answer 5

Founder effect

Question 6

alleles at different loci that are inherited together because of their proximity on the same chromosome

Answer 6

Genetic linkage

Question 7

involves the transfer of alleles between populations, typically driven by migration of individuals or gametes into or out of a population.

Answer 7

Gene flow

Question 8

Genetic drift

Answer 8

refers to the change in the frequency of existing alleles in a population.